电动汽车充电站建设与应用.ppt

1 电动汽车充电站建设与应用电动汽车充电站建设与应用 construction and application construction and application of electric vehicle charging stationof electric vehicle charging station 主要内容 main * 2 1. 充电站建设现状 situation of charging station construction 2. 充电站建设关键技术 key technologies of charging station construction 3. 项目启动情况 initiation of projects 2009、2010 121路公交线14辆车， 28台充电机 121 bus line, 14 evs,28 chargers 密云开发区10余辆车， 10台充电机 miyun industrial development zone, over 10 evs, 10chargers 20082004 奥运会充电站 世界最大55辆纯电动大巴 ，多项创新技术 charging station for olympic games 55 ev buses,the largest scale in the world, several innovative technologies 四惠大型永久纯电动公 交车充电站 large-scale permanent ev charging station in sihui 航天桥、白云观纯电动 环卫车充电站 ev sanitation charging station in hangtian qiao、 baiyun guan 宏 图 future 跨 越 develop 起 步 start 北京市 beijing 国 内 充 电电 站 现现 状 situation of charging station 北京市科委示范充电站 多种电能补给模式， 国 内 首个包含光伏、 储能的微 网系统 demonstration charging station of beijing municipal science and technology, various energy supply mode, the first micro-grid system with photovoltaic and energy storage in china . 北京121路电动公交客车充电站 beijing bus 121 charging station 28台 30kw 4 * 国 内 充 电电 站 现现 状 situation of charging station 北京奥运大巴充电站 ev bus charging station for olympic games 240台 79kw 5 * 国 内 充 电电 站 现现 状 situation of charging station 北京纯电动乘用车示范充电站 beijing demonstration charging station of pure electric passenger vehicles 多种供电方式 various mode of power supply 25kwp光伏发电系统 25kwp photovoltaic power generation system 50kwh储能系统 50kwh energy storage system 多种电能补给模式 various mode of charging 慢充 slow charging 快充 fast charging 6 * 国 内 充 电电 站 现现 状 situation of charging station 北京纯电动乘用车示范充电站 beijing demonstration charging station of pure electric passenger vehicles 7 * 国 内 充 电电 站 现现 状 situation of charging station 8 上海市 shanghai * l 以奥运会充电站为模板 follow the olympic games as a template l 车辆更多（120辆） 规模更大 more vehicles (120) larger scale l 多项关键技术升级 many upgraded key technology l 运营管理方式升级 upgraded operations management 世博会充电电站 charging station for expo l 电力公司投资建设、面 向不同用户需求 the investment of the power companies for different user needs l 超前设计理念 advanced design concepts l 无人值守全天候运行 uninterrupted and unattended running l 先进计量、计费管理方式 advanced metering and billing management 上海市漕溪充电电站 shanghai caoxi charging station l 国网公司世博会展示内容 demonstration in the expo of the state grid corporation l 智能电网的重要组成部分 an important component of smart grid l 国内领先的设计思路 leading design concept in china 上海市v2g示范充电电站 shanghai v2g demonstration charging station 国 内 充 电电 站 现现 状 situation of charging station 上海电力公司漕溪充电站 charging station of shanghai municipal electric power company in caoxi 9 * 国 内 充 电电 站 现现 状 situation of charging station 上海世博会充电站 shanghai charging station for expo 上海世博会充电站 10 * 国 内 充 电电 站 现现 状 situation of charging station 天津充电站 tianjin charging station 11 * l 纯电动、混合动力 pev hev l 电力公司参与 power companies l 纯电动车辆 pev l 示范运行 demonstration 泰达公交 taida bus 市区公交 urban bus 国 内 充 电电 站 现现 状 situation of charging station 河南鄢陵花木园充电站 yanling huamuyuan charging stations in henan 12 * 国 内 充 电电 站 现现 状 situation of charging station 13 工作成果 achievements 工艺设计 process design 技术咨询 technical advisory 参与标准制定 participation in standard-setting 奥运会、世博会、天津、漕溪、鄢陵等 olympics, expo, tianjin, caoxi, yanling, etc. 公交公司、电电力公司、设计设计院等多家单单位 public transport companies, power companies, design institutes etc. 天津、上海、河南等电力公司 power company of tianjin, shanghai and henan 国家标准、国外公司标准 national standards, standards for foreign companies 工 作 成 果 achievementsachievements * 14 工作成果 achievements 整体解决方案 total solution 前沿趋势研究 research in cutting-edge trends 充电电站规规划、设计设计、系统统方案 planning, design, system solutions of charging station 充电设备电设备、监监控系统统等 charging equipment, monitoring systems, etc. 计量计费系统等 metering and billing system v2g、微网系统、智能电网等 v2g, micro-grid, and smart grid 工 作 成 果 achievementsachievements * 主要内容 main * 15 1. 充电站建设现状 situation of charging station construction 2. 充电站建设关键技术 key technologies of charging station construction 3. 项目启动情况 initiation of projects 关 键键 技 术术 key technologies 16 * 充电站建设 关键技术 key technologies 优优化配置 能源补给补给 optimal allocation of energy supplies 计费计量 metering and billing 监监控系统统 monitoring system 谐波分析 harmonic analysis 充电站 规划布局 layout out of charging station 维护维护系统统 maintenance system 配电容量 distribution capacity 成组应用 pack applications 充电站建设关键技术 key technologies of charging station construction 深入研究工作 further research 动力电池能源补给模式研究 study of energy supply mode of dynamic battery 能源补给方式适用性 the applicability of the energy supply mode 电池快速充电技术 fast charge technology of dynamic battery 动力电池更换策略 replacement tactics of dynamic battery 淘汰电池筛选方法和筛选系统研究 research on method and selection of faded battery selection 电池的梯级利用 cascade utilization of the battery 锂离子动力电池筛选方法和设备 methods and equipment of lithium-ion battery selection 充电站及车辆的综合监控与运营调度体系研究 research on system of integrated monitoring of charging station and vehicle, and scheduling and operation 充电站及车辆综合监控与运营调度系统拓扑结构 system topology 控制策略、测试平台 control strategies, test platform 通信规约 communication protocol 深 入 研 究 further researchfurther research * 17 动力电池能源补给模式研究 study of energy supply mode of dynamic battery * 18 主要能源补给方式：电池更换、车载充电、地面常规充电、地面快速充 电； primary energy supply mode ：battery exchange, on-board charger, ground normal charging, fast charging； 纯电动公交大巴和大、中型纯电动环卫车：由于其特殊的定点定线运行 、大密度发车、电池容量大等特点，电池更换是比较适合的能源补给模 式。但是这种类型的充电站占地面积大，对电网容量要求高，设备投资 大； ev buses, large and medium-sized electric sanitation vehicles ： because of its unique characteristics of fixed point and fixed-line operation, big density of starting out, large batteries capacity, etc. the battery exchange is a more appropriate mode of energy supply. but this kind of charging station covers a large area, requires a high grid capacity and a large investment in equipment； 深 入 研 究 further researchfurther research 动力电池能源补给模式研究 study of energy supply mode of dynamic battery * 19 纯电动乘用车和小型纯电动环卫车：充电方法目前还没有形成体系，如 果采用分散式的整车充电方式，占地少，对电网增容压力不大；由于节 省了更换设备和备用电池，设备投资也能大幅度降低。由于现有的充电 技术尚未解决快速充电问题，致使充电时间较长 。 electric passenger vehicles and small electric sanitation vehicles ： as the charging method has not yet been systemized, if decentralized vehicle charging method is adopted, it covers less area and poses less pressure on the grid; due to saved exchange equipment and spare batteries, equipment investment can be significantly reduced. as the existing charging technology issues yet to be resolved of fast charging, charging time。 深 入 研 究 further researchfurther research 电池梯级利用与筛选 cascade utilization and selection of the battery * 20 电池的回收和再利用：锂离子电池容量衰减到80%后，就不能在电动 汽车中使用； battery recycling and reuse: lithium-ion battery can not be used in ev when its capacity faded to 80% ； 电池再利用价值：通过电池的梯级利用，将电池应用到其他类领域， 至少降低车用动力电池购置成本20%； battery reuse value: through cascade use of the battery, battery can be applied to other fields, thus the acquisition cost of battery of ev could be reduced 20% at least； 深 入 研 究 further researchfurther research 电池梯级利用与筛选 cascade utilization and selection of the battery * 21 储能应用：通过电池的大规模储能应用，可以对电网进行削峰填谷，降 低充电站负荷的波动，减少对电网的影响； energy storage applications: through large-scale energy storage applications of battery, the peak and valley load of the grid could be shifted; this could reduce the fluctuations of the load and the impact on the power grid； 电池筛选：通过梯级利用电池的容量衰减规律对淘汰电池进行合理筛选 ，将参数处于同一水平的电池进行合理配组，能够有效的提高车辆淘汰 电池容量利用率，延长车辆淘汰电池的继续使用寿命。 battery selection: using the cascade decay law of the battery capacity to select battery, and grouping battery with parameters of the same level, could effectively improve the capacity utilization of the faded battery, and to extend the life of faded battery 。 深 入 研 究 further researchfurther research 充电站及车辆的综合监控与运营调度体系研究 * 22 深 入 研 究 further researchfurther research research on research on system of system of integrated integrated monitoring of monitoring of charging charging station and station and vehicle, and vehicle, and scheduling scheduling and operationand operation 智能电网 smart grid 发 展 趋 势 development trend * 23 按照国家新能源汽车产业发展规划，预计2020年，仅上海市的电动汽车 市场规模就可达到约35万辆，必将成为不可忽视的分布式储能单元。 according to developing plan of the national new energy automotive industry, electric vehicle market of shanghai is expected to reach about 35 million in 2020, it would become a distributed energy storage units which can not be ignored. 电动电动汽车车作为为分布式储储能单单元接入电电网已成为为“智能电电网” 的重要组组成部分。 electric vehicles have become an important component of “smart grid“ to access grid as a distributed energy storage unit . 德国、美国等发发达国家已开展v2g（vehicle to grid）相关技术术研究。 germany, the united states and other developed countries have undertaken studies related to v2g (vehicle to grid) technology. v2g概况 v2g situation * 24 v2g指电动车辆电动车辆的能量在受控状态态下实现实现与电电网的双向交换换 v2g refers to achieve of a two-way exchange between the energy of electric vehicles and the grid in a controlled state. 接入电电网的电动电动汽车车数量足够够多，可以作为为可移动动的分布式储储能装置，用于： if the number of evs access to the grid is large enough, they could be distributed as a removable storage device, for: v2g对对未来电动电动汽车车商业业模式将产产生重大影响 v2g will have a major impact on the future business model of evs v2g要实现商业化应用，最总依赖于电池技术的进步。 （更长的循环寿命，更大的比能量） the commercial application of v2g depends on the battery technology. (longer cycle life, greater energy ratio) 调峰 grid balancing services 旋转备用 spinning reserves 新能源介入 new energy access 发 展 趋 势 development trend * v2g概况 v2g situation 目前v2g相关研究与示范都在美国 present research and demonstration of v2g is all in the u.s. 美国特立华大学 university of delaware 美国特立华大学美国特立华大学kemptonkempton教授领导的团队，正在开展教授领导的团队，正在开展v2gv2g试点研究试点研究 in america, the team led by professor, kempton of in america, the team led by professor, kempton of university of delaware , are carrying out pilot studies of v2g, are carrying out pilot studies of v2g； 20072007年年1010月，成功将一辆月，成功将一辆ac ac propulsion“eboxpropulsion“ebox”（toyota sciontoyota scion改装车）改装车） successfully refitted a ac successfully refitted a ac propulsion“eboxpropulsion“ebox” in oct. 2007” in oct. 2007； 接入电网并接受调度命令接入电网并接受调度命令 connected to grid and receive dispatching commandconnected to grid and receive dispatching command 车辆作为调峰发电设备车辆作为调峰发电设备 the vehicles behaved as grid balancing equipment the vehicles behaved as grid balancing equipment 25 发 展 趋 势 development trend * v2g概况 v2g situation pg 分析充电站的供电方式与充电机的主电路结构的关系。 analysis of the relationship between the power supply mode of charging station and the main circuit structure of charger . * 31 目 前 进进 展 project situation * 32 供 电电 方 式 power supply mode 直流供电 dc supply 交流供电 ac supply 充电机结构 charger structure 建立了一般高频充电机（不控整流桥的充电机）单台充电 机仿真模型，并进行了验证； established and verified simulation model of a single conventional high-frequency charger; 建立了十二脉波整流充电机单台充电机仿真模型。 established simulation model of a single 12-pulse rectifier charger. * 33 目 前 进进 展 project situation * 34 充 电电 机 模 型 charger model 单台充电机接入系统仿真模型 simulation model of a single charger connected to grid * 35 不控整流充电机仿真模型 simulation model of uncontrolled rectifier charger 充 电电 机 模 型 charger model * 36 十二脉波整流充电机单台充电机仿真模型 simulation model of a single12-pulse rectifier charger 充 电电 机 模 型 charger model 充电站的优化设计方案 optimal design of charging station 建立了充电站直流供电方式中dc-dc斩波器的仿真模型，并搭建了实 验电路，计算并初步验证了该部分的功率损耗及运行效率； established simulation model of dc-dc chopper in dc powered charging station, built the experimental circuit, calculated and validated the power loss and efficiency of this part; 建立了两种供电方式中dc-ac逆变电路的仿真模型，并搭建了试验样 机，目前正在进行实验，以验证理论上对该部分通态损耗分析相关结 果； established simulation model of dc-ac inverter circuit in two modes of power supply, and built an experimental prototype. currently conducting an experiment to validate the result of the on-state loss analysis calculated in theory; * 37 目 前 进进 展 project situation 充电站的优化设计方案 optimal design of charging st