新课标高考英语名词经典例题剖析与考点预测.doc

新课标高考英语名词经典例题剖析与考点预测一、 经典例题剖析1（ 上海 43）my morning_includes jogging in the park and reading newspapers over breakfast.a.drill b.action c.regulation d.routine解析：routine意为“常规,日常事务”，句意为“我早上要做的事包括在公园慢走和吃早餐时读报”。drill意为“操练,(反复)练习”；action意为“行动,举动,行为”；regulation意为“规则,规章,调节,校准”。答案：d点评：考查名词辨析，此题目非常巧妙，如果对此四词意思记忆不准确的话，很容易误选b、c2 ( 山东27 ) i cant say which wine is bestits a(n) _ of personal taste.a.affair b.event c.matter d.variety解析:matter意为“事件,问题”。根据所提供的情景“i cant say which wine is best”可判断出哪种酒最好,因为这是个人口味的问题。affair意为“事务,事件,私事”；event意为“事件,事变,结果,活动,精力,竞赛”；variety意为“变化,多样性,种种,品种,种类”。答案:c点评：此题注意affair和matter的区别，根据语境判断答案3（ 安徽 32）the practice of hanging clothes across the street is a common_in many parts of the city.a.look b.sign c.sight d.appearance解析: sight意为“视觉，风景”，表示“在这个城市的大部分地方都能看见把衣服悬挂在街上”。look意为“样子，外表”。sign意为“记号，符号”。appearance意为“出现，露面，出场，登台，外貌，外观”。答案: c点评：考查名词辨析，这几个名词是是高中重点区别对象，要重点掌握。4 ( 福建 31).you are always full of _.can you tell me the secret?taking plenty of exercise every day.a.power b.strength c.force d.energy解析：energy，power，strength和force均可表示“力”，但energy意为“能量”，尤指人在做某事并为完成该事所表现出的生机勃勃的力，多用作不可数名词。you are always full of energy.表示“你总是精力充沛”。power意为“能力”，词义丰富，可指内在的或外加的力、潜在的或活动的力、具体的或抽象的力、身体的或精神的力等。force意为“力”，常指促使物体运动的力，也可指势力、武力或暴力，可用作可数名词和不可数名词。strength意为“体力”，常指人体或物体内存在的力，如气力、耐力、抵抗力，有时也可指进行某种活动的推动力，是不可数名词。答案：d点评：考查名词辨析，此题主要是弄懂语境，才能知道空格中所需要的含义，根据后面的回答 可知道，前面问的应该是“精力充沛”之意。5（ 湖北23）despite such a big difference in _ towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regard the chinese food as something special.a. point b. idea c. attitude d. sight解析:attitude 意为“态度”,常与towards连用,表示“对的态度”。表示人们在吃食方面的态度有很大不同。point 意为“特点,特征，要点”；idea 意为“主意，念头，思想，计划,打算，意见”；sight 意为“视力,视觉，意见,见解”。答案:c点评：考查词意辨析，理解语境是关键，因为四个名词不难区分。6 ( 陕西 12).he and his wife are of the same _;they both want their son to go to college.a. soul b. spirit c. heart d. mind解析：mind 意为“愿望，想法”。根据所提供的情景“they both want their son to go to college”可判断出他和他的妻子都一个共同的愿望。soul意为“灵魂，心灵，精神，气魄，热情”。spirit意为“精神，心灵，灵魂”。heart意为“胸，胸部，心胸，心地，心肠，胸怀，感情，热情，爱情，灵魂；良心”。答案：d点评：此题关键在于排除c项，因此heart的具体词义的记忆是必不可少的。7( 天津 12) one thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but would help cover my living _.a. bills b. expenses c. prices d. charges解析:expense 意为“(时间、精力、金钱等的)消耗,花销,费用”。根据上文中的one thousand dollars a month可判断出“一千美元虽然不是一大笔钱,但够生活的费用”。故选b项。bill 意为“账单，清单”。price 意为“价格,价钱，市价，代价，价值”,作“费用”解时指买某件东西所需要的费用。charge 意为“费用，捐税，代价，记账”,作“费用”解时指卖方开出的价钱。答案:b点评：考查名词词义辨析，着重要理解此四词的区别。8 ( 浙江 12 ).of the seven days in a week.saturday is said to be the most popular _ for a wedding in some countries.a. way b. situation c. event d. choice解析:choice 意为“选择”。根据所提供的情景of the seven days in the a week可判断出在这七天里星期六是大家普遍选择为结婚的日子。way意为“方法，手段”。 situation意为“形势，局面，情况，关系”。 event意为“事件；事情；事变；大事”。答案:d点评：此题考查对语境理解来确定适合的名词，根据情景可判断出答案。二、 方法总结与年高考预测（一）方法总结名词的考查在高考中，一般在单项选择以及完型填空中出现， 绝大多数是考查名词词义辨析，在高考中，我们认为你需要：1 掌握好名词的一词多意对单项选择和完型填空中对名词考查起着举足轻重的作用，因此要特别注意。2 对名词的考查中，通过对题干的分析以及选项的观察，我们可非常容易地判断所考查的内容，根据所掌握的语法知识填空。3 在对选项不能把握的情况下，尽量回忆含有这些单词的我们最熟悉的句子，和题干的语境做比较，最大程度保证选择的正确性。（二）年高考预测年高考将进一步考查名词词义的辨析，这将是名词永远的考查重点。名词和数词结合的考查，以及主谓一致的考查以及在具体语境中的理解和应用也将占有一席之地。三、 强化训练 （一） 单项选择题1in my opinion，what he told us just now about the affair simply doesnt make any_. aidea bmeaning csense dpoint2everybody thinks little of the filmin fact，there is no_ of it being tried out in the film festival asign buse cpossibility ddoubt3shelly had prepared carefully for her english examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first_ aintention battempt cpurpose ddesire4recently cctv station has taken great pains to make a program that reviews the important_0f 2006 aaffairs bevents cmatters dthings5一lets try operating the machine right now一waitbetter read the _ firstainstructions bexplanations cinformation dintroduction6do you know the_of the saying i just quoted? asource bresource ccourse dcause1c。本题考查名词的固定搭配。make sense是固定搭配，表示”有意义，讲得通”。2c。本题考查名词的基本意义。根据语境判断，电影不好，因此人们不可能参加电影节，there is no possibility of doing sth”没有可能”。类似的用法还有：there is no use in doing sth”做没有用”。3b。本题考查名词的意义。此处表示”尝试”，因此用名词ention”意图”；purpose“目的”；desire”欲望”。4b。本题考查名词的意义。此处表示”大事件”，因此用events。 affairs”事务”；matters“事情”；things”事，物”。5a。本题考查名词复数的特殊意义。instruction的复数instructions表示产品、药品等的“说明，说明书”。6a。本题考查名词的诃义辨析。source指”来源，水源”；resource”资源”； course“课程，过程”；cause”原因”。（二） 根据汉语提示填空。1 its bad_(礼貌)to show off your learning before others.2 the greens have two_(孩子).3 the_(怀特一家)will make a journey around the world during the winter vacation.4 the indian girl made forty_(男)friends and fifty_(女)friends.1 manners 2 children 3 whites 4 boy/ men , girl/women（三） 改错题1 i dropped in on my uncle after i called at the tailor.2 going on a hike is a great fun in spring.3 good news to you ,everybody. a word came that our salary was to be raised.4 what pleasant surprise it is that our football won at last!5 tom and jacks fathers are both present at the meeting.6 xiao wang has made a great progress in his english study.1 tailor改为tailors 2 去掉great前的a 3 去掉a 4 pleasant 前加a5 tom改为toms 6 把a 去掉（四） 创新试题1 the young student is as a writer. its to all his teachers.a. success, surprise b. a success, a surprise c. a success, surprise d. success, a surprise2. how much if i wan to take one?you can take as many as you like because they are free of .a. cost b. charge c. money d. pay3. recently cctv station has taken great pains to make a program that reviews the important of 2006.a. affairs b. events c. matters d. things1、b success作为“成功的人或事”时是可数名词，surprise也具有同样的用法。2、b free