A brief analysis about differences and similarities of political system between the U.K. and the U.S.A.docx

a brief analysis about differences and similarities of political system between the u.k. and the u.s.aintroduction in the 19th century british created the first set of western capitalist political systems, which has a profound impact on their own politics and history development as well as those on other countries all over the world. it can be said that britain is the motherland of bourgeois constitutionalism in the world. based on the british system, modern american political system gradually established and improved after many reforms and is considered as the most perfect capitalist political system in contemporary society. however, there are still many differences between the uk and the u.s. political system. as the complexity of the political systems, we couldnt make an accurate, clear comparison and assurance to the systems of these two countries. so this article is drafted from the key parts of the political system - the constitution, political party, electoral system three aspects to compare differences and similarities between the u.k. and america and expect to provide political institutional reform and improvements in our country with good references.first, similarities and differences between the united kingdom and the united states constitution 1) the essence of both constitutions is bourgeois constitution. the united states constitution is the first constitution against feudal system and colonial oppression in the world. as marx pointed out, it was the first declaration for human rights. it was also laid the foundation of development of human rights and established principles human rights provisionsbased on western democratic system and separation of powers in theory, the applications of the constitution are limited by judiciary. long-term practicing english laws had produced the united states constitution. the united kingdom uses the common law, but all u.s. laws are written laws. people just shift a part of their born rights to the government and make it authorities, but they still maintained their other powers and rights. it can not be decided by the general assembly but be formulated and approved by a special constituent assembly because the constitution is higher than the government. “government of the people, by the people, for the people”, governments power comes from the people, so it must be intended to protect peoples life, liberty, property and the rights to pursuit happiness. the purpose of the constitution is to establish a government, but government does not exist for its own sake, on the contrary, people and the country are the main and final goal.2) yet the united states written constitution is the worlds oldest one in force. needless to say, for a country as big and divers as the u.s., stable political institutions are extremely important, and political stability, in turn, depends upon the allegiance of the people to the basic principles of governmental framework.unlike the u.s., the uk has no written constitution in any documents. they mainly consist of: statute law；the common law or judge-made law; ancient documents and european union law and the european convention on human rights. the constitutional elements are said to be flexible enough to respond quickly to new conditions. the constitution continually evolves as new laws are passed and judicial decisions are handed down.3) britain and the united states are different from the basic principles of the constitution. the basic principles of the british constitution are: parliamentary sovereignty, separation of powers, responsibilities cabinet system and the rule of law. parliament is the supreme legislative body and assembly that government is drawn from and answerable to; and house of commons is the source of real political power in the uk. while the main principles of the u.s. are: federalism, separation of powers, checks and balances, democratic. constitution has a supreme power in the government.in the uk, the constitutional elements are said to be flexible enough to respond fast to new conditions. but the u.s. constitution has strict interpretations. and supreme court has the “power of judicial review”, the right to declare laws and actions of the federal, state, and local governments unconstitutional.second, similarities and differences of party system between the united kingdom and the united states both britain and the united states are two-party system, which is their greatest common. the difference lies in: the british party politics has been a two-party system of government in the united kingdom parliament with power being held by either the conservative party or the labour party, which evolved from the whigs and the tories. the united states constitution says nothing about political parties, but over time the u.s. has in fact developed a two-party-system. the two leading parties are the democrats and the republicans, which on operational level absolutely dominate federal and state elections with independents securing only small proportions of the vote, while in the united kingdom, the two main political parties - conservative and labour - win a smaller and declining share of the total vote, with a growing share being taken by the likes of the liberal party and the uk independence party at national level and by the likes of the scottish and welsh nationalist parties at the devolved level.third, similarities and differences of electoral system between the united kingdom and the united states the president is the first citizen in the united of states, who is elected every four years to a four-year term of office, with no more than two full terms allowed. the uk is a constitutional monarchy country. the british monarchy is the longest reigning monarchy in the world, with a history of a thousand years. kings or queens are the official head of state. in theory, the monarch has enormous powers, but in nature, the monarch is supposed to reign but not rule. although in recent years, the monarch has attracted much criticism, for many, the queens symbolic functions are crucial to the “brutishness” of britain.in order to make election fair and successful, the united kingdom is divided into 659 constituencies, each of which returns one member to the house of commons at a general election. all of the british citizens, citizens of other commonwealth countries and the republic of ireland who are dwells in the united kingdom may vote in parliamentary elections, only if they are aged18 or over and are not disqualified. general elections are held by ballot, but voting is not compulsory.the united kingdoms house of commons the two political parties competing for parliamentary seats. the leader of the party with the majority of seats becomes the prime minister, i.e. the head and ruler of the government. then, prim minister will choose an inner cabinet of key ministers and appoints junior ministers in various ministries to support his or her own reign, and the largest defeated party becomes the opposition party, the head of which appoints a shadow cabinet of shadow ministers.while in the united states, generally speaking, the national presidential election really is made up of two separate campaigns: one is for the nomination of candidates at national party conventions; while the other is to win the actual election. the most different part is: if the majority of the popular votes in a state intend to the presidential (and vice-presidential) candidates, then that person in supposed to get all of that