Causes of Scarlett O’Hara’s Failure in Marriage in Gone with the Wind.doc

causes of scarlett oharas failure in marriage in gone with the wind开题报告题目名称causes of scarlett oharas failure in marriage in gone with the wind题目来源a题目类型3导师姓名 学生姓名 班级学号 专 业 ）outline:i. introduction a. introduction to margaret mitchellb. introduction to gone with the windii. causes of scarlett oharas failure in marriage in gone with the winda. external causes1. historical backgroundthe civil war2. ideological and cultural impactsb. internal causes1. scarletts childhood 2. scarletts youthhood 3. scarletts adulthood: marriage and lifeiii. conclusion指导教师意见 指导教师(签字): 年 月 日学院意见 学院院长(签字): 年 月 日填表说明: 题目类型: 1、工程设计； 2、应用研究； 3、理论研究； 4、其它；（选1、2、3、4）。题目来源: a、自拟课题； b、民用科研课题；c、国防科研课题；（选a、b、c）。开题报告内容使用宋体小四字号。contentsi.introduction1a. introduction to margaret mitchell1b. introduction to gone with the wind1ii. causes of scarlett oharas failure in marriage in gone with the wind2a. external causes21. historical backgroundthe civil war22. ideological and cultural impacts2b. internal causes21. scarletts childhood32. scarletts youthhood33. scarletts adulthood3iii. conclusion4i.introductiona. introduction to margaret mitchellmargaret mitchell was born in atlanta, georgia to eugene mitchell, a lawyer, and mary isabelle, much referred to as maybell, a suffragist of irish catholic origin. her childhood was spent in the laps of civil war veterans and of her maternal relatives, who had lived through the civil war. after graduating from washington seminary (now the westminster schools), she attended smith college, but withdrew during her freshman year in 1918. she returned to atlanta to take over the household after her mothers death earlier that year from the great spanish flu pandemic of 1918. shortly afterward, mitchell began a career as a journalist and married an advertising executive named john robert marsh. in 1926, encouraged by her husband, mitchell began to write the novel that would become gone with the wind and won the pulitzer prize in 1937 for her. b. introduction to gone with the windgone with the wind differs from most civil war novels by glorifying the south and demonizing the north. other popular novels about the civil war, such as stephen cranes the red badge of courage, are told from a northern perspective and tend to exalt the norths values. mitchells novel is unique also for its portrayal of a strong-willed, independent woman, scarlett ohara, who shares many characteristics with mitchell herself. mitchell frequently defied convention, divorcing her first husband and pursuing a career in journalism despite the disapproval of society. gone with the wind was published in 1936, ten years after mitchell began writing it. a smash success upon publication, gone with the wind becameand remains even nowone of the best-selling novels of all time. it received the 1937 pulitzer prize. in the late 1930s a film version of the novel was planned, and david o. selznicks nationwide search for an actress to play scarlett ohara captivated the nations attention. the resulting film starred vivien leigh and clark gable as scarlett ohara and rhett butler, and it quickly became one of the most popular motion pictures of all time. the novel is one of the most popular books of all time, selling more than 30 million copies (see list of best-selling books). an american film adaptation, released in 1939, became the highest-grossing film in the history of hollywood, and received a record-breaking ten academy awards.ii. causes of scarlett oharas failure in marriage in gone with the windscarlett , the novels protagonist ,is a pretty, coquettish southern belle who grows up on the georgia plantation of tara in the years before the civil war. selfish, shrewd, and vain, scarlett inherits the strong will of her father, gerald, but also desires to please her well-bred, genteel mother, ellen. when hardships plague scarlett, she shoulders the troubles of her family and friends. scarletts simultaneous desire for the southern gentleman ashley and the opportunistic new southerner rhett butler parallels the souths struggle to cling to tradition and still survive in the new era. whether shes in her own times or now scarlett is a strong attractive woman.however, she is a failure on the issue of marriage. depth analysis of her marriage in two aspects,subject and object ,the failure is inevitablea. external causesfirst of all, from the subjective analysis of the problem. the subjective aspect for two reasons, one is the civil war background in two was the thought culture atmosphere. 1. historical backgroundthe civil warthe american civil war (18611865), also known as the war between the states and several other names, was a civil war in the united states of america. eleven southern slave states declared their secession from the united states and formed the confederate states of america (the confederacy). led by jefferson davis, they fought against the united states (the union), which was supported by all the free states and the five border slave states. union states were loosely referred to as the north. the american civil war,is great, has great historical significance but ,whatever it is, it can not be denied it is bloody and cruel. during the war, people become destitute and homeless, an uncertain future. the full restoration of the union was the work of a highly contentious postwar era known as reconstruction. the war produced more than 970,000 casualties (3% of the population), including approximately 620,000 soldier deaths by disease. the causes of the war, the reasons for its outcome, and even the name of the war itself are subjects of lingering controversy even today. the main results of the war were the restoration and strengthening of the union, and the end of slavery in the united states.every night you close your eyes and you cannot imagine how tomorrow will be. perhaps the very next day when you open your eyes your familiar and friends were does not exist, even you simply can not see the very next day sun. in this case, the marriage and love may be more valuable but also more no protection. . charles hamilton, scarletts first husband, died prior to the civil war; frank kennedy, scarletts second husband, died for ku klux klan as a result of the civil war in the later period of the civil war. whether scarlett is why marry they love or not love them, death has to end everything all .they have never lost the possibility of happiness. rhett butler, scarletts right, nearly ten years to marry scarlett due to the causes of the civil war.2. ideological and cultural impactsbefore the civil war the united states is in the rising period of capitalism and a golden period for the development of capitalism. during this period, people eager for money. people began to face self liberation of self and pursuit of freedom. but south main is slavery plantation. the southern slave owners largely retained the european feudalism period of thought. compared to the capitalist system for naked pursuit of interests,they are more respected false virtue. grow up in such an environment, ashley is not possible produced a spiritual resonance with the rebel wild scarlett. it is impossible to produce the spark of love between the two. even if ashley loves scarlett he also did not have the courage to break his engagement to melanie to elope with scarlett. as rhett said “i fail to understand what charms the elegant mr. wilkes can hold for a girl of your tempestuous nature. he should thank god on bended knee for a girl with yourhow did he put it?passion for living, but being a poor-spirited wretch”b. internal causesscarletts character changed with her own growth and development and changes of the civil war.1. scarletts childhoodmaiden scarlett is proud,naive and full of desire for love. scarlett ohara, a southern girl before the civil war, is no exception. as an ordinary girl growing up in southern culture, scarlett is undoubtedly deeply influenced by the prevailing ideas of what a southern woman should do in a male-dominated world. gradually she becomes a woman, a representative of southern women. to the southern woman, marriage is the destiny traditionally offered to her and she is constantly taught the art of catching a decent and wealthy husband as soon as possible. the unmarried woman suffers from the poor situation and tries every means to catch a husband.scarlett is eager to love but she does not know what is love. she and ashley said of boys and girls and she always thought ashley is loving her. scarlett thinks that she is the center of the world and all the boys must fall in love with her. she waited for him to marry her, but ashley is married to melanie which severely hurt her. she is too confident that conceited while the refuseof ashley is tantamount to hit her in the face.therefore she could not from the hopeless love free even she didnt want to break free whether it is in dying of hungeror leading a voluptuous life. this love only exists in the imagination of a naive girl. but scarlett too confident and not willing to face the reality so she married hamilton wanted to hurt ashley. now she is a spoiled little girl, due to her own want candy or toys and crying. gave her failed marriage a failure to start. with the outbreak of the civil war she became a widow. psychological sense of childhood of scarlett is end.2. scarletts youthhoodthe civil war began, wade was born, scarlett from the girl into a yang woman. they fled to atlanta where honed scarletts heart. she is getting more and more tough and brave.after atlanta fall and on the way to tara,scarlet take off her dancing shoes and discard ignorance the desir deep in the heart for wealth begins to show .arriving home at tara, scarlett finds the house in ruins, the food gone, the crops burned, most of the slaves run off, her mother ellen dead, her father gerald with dementia, and her two sisters sick with typhoid. she has to look after melanie for she just gives birth to a child in a word, the war throws her into a homeless and starved state. however, scarlett does not give up. scarlett works hard everyday to keep her family around.she is no longer a willful and vain widow, just as the novel goes: “somewhere on the long road that would through those four years, the girl with her sachet and dancing slippers had slipped away and there was left a woman with a sharp green eyes, who counted pennies and turns her hands to many menial tasks, a woman to whom nothing was left grim the wreckage except the indestructible red earth on which she stood.” scarlett suffers the civil war she is not allowed to herself and her family died for the postwar hunger as the same lose tara for poverty and multifarious taxes. after the failure of borrow money from rett she married frank, her sister suellens beau, a new stone-owner. in this period, we can see a selfish, independent, determined, indomitable and self-centered scarlett. this made her second marriage but also this marriage made her truly independent. during this period she began to become rich and more greedy. taking the advantage of her husbands illness, she is in charge of the business. and she no longer respects her husband, but manages everything by herself. she cares nothing of her husband tells her.after the war she knows that she can not keep up her former lifestyles. not as ashley cries for the old days, scarlett goes forward bravely.she quickly grew into a mature and strong and independent woman. when she is not frank can match. shee and franks gap is more and more deep, more and more can not communicate. in her paying no heed to her husband, frank is died.then scarlett adultand her second marriage ended3. scarletts adulthoodafter married rhett and after the baptism scene of debauchery scarletts character is complicated. she is brave, determined, obstinate, independent and self-striving. all these characters have a deep influence on her life and love. she claims to strive and compete to gain success, even deceive and speculate others. she is a successful self-fighter and pragmatist. however, scarlett cannot face the reality on the spirit aspect until the death of melanie. ashley is a man who still lives in the past and cant face the reality. his cowardice and decadence break scarletts dream, thus scarlett begins to understand that ashley is not the man she wants, and at the same time her realistic character is displayed both on her spiritual life and material life.at last, scarlett realizes that rhett and she are the people with the same character, and he always loves her and supports for her. but scarlett looks down upon him and mocks him, and she doesnt know his love for her. however, she admits the common sense between them and she likes to be with him. under the tolerance of rhett, she shows her rebellion, her vanity and selfishness. she cant realize her true feeling and she avoids facing the reality of the spirit. until her dream for ashley is broken and rhett is too tired to love her and is going to leave her, she realizes the value of rhett, but it is too late. although her realistic character unites together both on the material and spiritual aspects and she realizes what the true love is, she must face the reality that rhett will leave her alone. at the beginning of the novel living in tara, scarlett is a wild and strong-willed lady. she is not only charming and attractive, but also vain, willful, naive and selfish.she is just a little girl now.when scarlett first lives in atlanta, the disappointment of love and the suffering of the war make her become brave and responsible, and she is selfish and carefree. coming back to her home tara, in order to keep her home around, scarlett becomes brave, determined, obstinate, self-striving and greedy. then when scarlett goes back to atlanta, she is independent, determ