新视野大学英语读写教程（第二版）第三册 Unit 2 Section A Iron and the Effects of Exercise.ppt

contents aalead - in bbpre-reading c c text studytext study ddsummarysummary n h c e e e writing 课文小结预习写作 lead - inlead - in n h c e interactive mode iv4. interactive mode iii3. interactive mode ii2. interactive mode i1. n h c e lead - in our todays topic is “iron and the effects of exercise”. whats your reaction to the topic? now lets tackle it so as to familiarize ourselves with the background to the birth of the text. our topic- centered lead-in begins with the question as follows: back课文小结预习写作 mode i mode ii mode iii mode iv 随 笔 tips n h c e interactive mode i q. 1 what are the positive effects of exercise? tips back课文小结预习写作 mode ii mode iii mode iv 随 笔 as is often remarked, ones vigor lies in exercise. that reveals the essence of taking exercise. driven by this belief, therefore, we develop from childhood a habit of taking one or two forms of exercise. now lets sum up its benefits: 1) it stimulates the flow of our blood; 2) it builds up the speed with which our brains react to things around; 3) it improves our health conditions; 4) it helps foster our ambition for greater success or better balance of mind; 5) mode i tips n h c e q. 2 whats the relationship between exercise and iron? tips interactive mode ii back课文小结预习写作 mode ii mode iii mode iv 随 笔 in effect, exercise is already a vital ingredient in our daily life, without which we could not imagine what would become of our health. but from the title of the text, we know exercise may have something to do with iron. so my second question is as follows: 1) the more physical exercise we take, the more iron there will be in our blood; 2) the more physical exercise we have, the less iron there will be in our blood; 3) the amount of exercise has little bearing on the reserves of iron in our blood; 4) mode i n h c e interactive mode iii q. 3 how does iron leak out of our blood? tipstips back课文小结预习写作 mode ii mode iii mode iv 随 笔 now we are caught in a dilemma as to whether to proceed with our favorite exercise as usual or stop running the risk of iron loss in the blood. the key to the problem, from the writers perspective, may be to know how iron goes out of our blood during our exercise, and what kind of person is liable to be its victim. here is my question: 1) it leaks through our sweat? 2) it leaks through our digestive system? 3) and its victims include: those engaged in intense exercise? the women of childbearing age? mode i now that we have some idea about the relationship between exercise and iron loss, and get some sense of who is inclined to be its victim, all we need to do next is to know adequate measures to prevent such a thing from happening to any one of us, so my next question is as follows: tips n h c e q. 4 how to remedy or prevent iron deficiency? 1) take iron-fortified foods, such as ? 2) enjoy diverse meat dishes on a regular basis, including ? 3) eat vitamin c-rich vegetables, like ? 4) take iron supplements? 5) drink tea or coffee over meals? 6) tips interactive mode iv back课文小结预习写作 mode ii mode iii mode iv 随 笔 for conclusion mode i the birth of the text n h c e factor iiifactor iii author factor iifactor ii factor ifactor i and few of us are clear about how to deal effectively with the problem. the writer feels that there is much need for us to know better about it. it has long been taken for granted that exercise does us no harm but good. thus, it is still unknown to us that exercise may result in iron deficiency. 随 笔 back课文小结预习写作 pre-readingpre-reading n h c e background information1 watch and discusswatch and discuss 2 new wordsnew words 3 课文小结导入写作 n h c e background information 视频讨论 生词学习随 笔 back课文小结导入写作 purdue university: (a) it is a coeducational, state-assisted university in indiana, us. founded in 1869 and named after benefactor john purdue. the university is one of the nations leading research institutions with a reputation for excellent and affordable education. built upon historical strengths in engineering and n h c e background information back课文小结导入写作 视频讨论 生词学习随 笔 agriculture, the west lafayette campus of the university currently offers 7,400 courses in more than 500 undergraduate majors and specializations in the schools of agriculture, consumer and family sciences, education, engineering, health sciences, liberal arts, management, nursing, pharmacy and purdue university: (b) n h c e background information back课文小结导入写作 purdue university: (c) 视频讨论 生词学习随 笔 pharmaceutical sciences, science, technology, and veterinary medicine. programs of graduate study and research leading to advanced degrees fall under the jurisdiction of the graduate school. n h c e background information back课文小结导入写作 medicine 温和的；不极端的 evidencen. u 迹象；证据 formerlyadv.以前，从前 journaln. c 杂志，期刊 consumevt. 吃；喝; 消耗；花费 supplementn./vt. c 增补物，补充物 / 增补，补充 bouncev.（使）弹回；（使）反弹 respectivelyad.分别地；各自地 ration. c 比率；比例 n h c e new words back课文小结导入写作 背景知识 视频讨论随 笔 childbearingn. u 生孩子；生育 plusconj./ prep. 并且，而且; 加 absorbvt. 吸收; 吸引的注意力 restrictvt. 限制；控制 liablea. 易出问题的；易遭受的 allowancen. c 限额，定量 digestvt. 消化; 领会；理解 digestivea. 消化的 impact n. c 影响；作用 vesseln. c 血管；脉管; 船；舰 n h c e new words back课文小结导入写作 背景知识 视频讨论随 笔 leakv./n. （使）漏；（使）渗 / c 漏洞;裂缝 typical a. 典型的；有代表性的 typicallyadv. 通常；一般; 典型地；有代表性地 molecule n. c 分子 protein n. c, u 蛋白质 calculatevt. 计算; 估计；推测 sufficient a. 足够的，充分的 compoundn. c 复合物；化合物 storage n. u 储存，储藏 advisablea. 明智的；可取的 n h c e new words back课文小结导入写作 背景知识 视频讨论随 笔 yearly a. 每年的；一年一度的 physician n. c（内科）医生 modifyvt. 修改；改进 undo vt. 取消；消除; 解开；松开 shortcoming n. c 缺点；缺陷 leafy a. 多叶的，叶茂的 selectvt. 选择；挑选 cerealn. c, u 谷类作物；谷类食物 plentifula. 大量的；丰富的 derivevt./vi. 取得，得到; 源自 n h c e new words back课文小结导入写作 背景知识 视频讨论随 笔 striking a.显著的；引人注目的 substancen. c 物质 interferevi.介入；干涉；干扰 remedyvt./n. 补救；纠正 / c 补救措施；补救方法 bounce back 恢复健康；振作起来 in general 大体上；通常 up to 多达；高达 tip sb. over the edge 使某人受不了；使某人难过得不得了 out of breath 上气不接下气 throw up 呕吐 n h c e new words back课文小结导入写作 背景知识 视频讨论随 笔 go up 上升；上涨 interfere with妨碍；干扰 sum up 总结，归纳；概括 purdue university 普渡大学 roseanne m. lyle罗斯安妮m.莱尔 （人名） medicine then follow analyses of both causes and consequences of the problem; and it ends up by giving advice on how to remedy the problem. so the text structurally falls into four parts as below: 课文阅读 随 笔 课文缩写 结构分析 n h c e back预习小结导入写作 topic-centered analysis of text 课文阅读 随 笔 课文缩写 structure main idea causecause problemproblem main ideamain idea ? ? devices for developing it (devices) ? iron and the effects of exercise 结构分析 effecteffect suggestionsuggestion n h c e back预习小结导入写作 para. 1 sports medicine experts have observed for years that endurance athletes, particularly females, frequently have iron deficiencies. now a new study by a team of purdue university researchers suggests that even moderate exercise may lead to reduced iron in the blood of women. iron and the effects of exerciseiron and the effects of exercise 课文阅读 随 笔 课文缩写 结构分析 text analyzing and reading 句型 n h c e back预习小结导入写作 para. 2 “we found that women who were normally inactive and then started a program of moderate exercise showed evidence of iron loss,” says roseanne m. lyle, associate professor at purdue. her study of 62 formerly inactive women who began exercising three times a week for six months was published in the journal medicine 振作起来： 2. 高达; 直到; 胜任: 3. 为了 : 4. 耗尽; 用完; 为零: 5. 增加: to bounce back up to in an effort to (do sth.) to go to zero to add to 句型应用 短语互译 随 笔 back预习课文导入写作 far from able to do sth. / meet the minimum requirements for the curriculum far from able to meet the minimum requirements for the curriculum, she was bounced out of college. 把某人开除学院: 吓唬某人做某事: 猛冲而去: bounce sb. out of college bounce sb. into doing sth. bounce away 她远未达到课程的最 低要求，被学院开除 了。 知 识 链 接 活 学 活 用意 群 提 示back summary n h c e 句型应用 短语互译 随 笔 back预习课文导入写作 seek how to do sth. / be well up in sth. / sb.s privacy in our social life, there is one group of people who derive joy from seeking how to be well up in others privacy. 知晓: 与某人不相上下: 按时完成工作: to be well up in sth. to be up with sb. to be up on ones work 社会生活中有那么一群 人，他们以设法了解他 人的隐私为快。 知 识 链 接 活 学 活 用意 群 提 示 summary n h c e 句型应用 短语互译 随 笔 back back预习课文导入写作 enrich intimacy with sb. / make much effort to do sth. / communicate with sb. in order to enrich intimacy with their children, mothers should make much effort to communicate with them a lot. 毫不费力: 勇敢地做某事: 下功夫做某事: without effort to do sth. by an effort of will to make effort to do sth. 为增进与孩子的亲密感 ,母亲们应力争和孩子 多沟通。 知 识 链 接 活 学 活 用意 群 提 示 summary n h c e 句型应用 短语互译 随 笔 back back预习课文导入写作 disband a football team / show evidence of sth. / go to the dogs our football team, though not disbanded yet, has shown evidence of going to the dogs. 走极端: 情况糟透了: 崩溃;垮下来: to go to extremes to go to the dogs to go to pieces 我们足球队，尽管尚 未解散，已表现出无 药可救的迹象。 知 识 链 接 活 学 活 用意 群 提 示 summary n h c e 句型应用 短语互译 随 笔 back back预习课文导入写作 ones impression about sth. / the beijing olympic games / add up to one word their impressions about the beijing olympic games could add up to one word “great”. 算入; 包括: 加到上; 附加; 包括 : 加起来; 合计: to add in to add on to add up 他们对北京奥运会的 所有感受可以汇成一 个字“棒”。 知 识 链 接 活 学 活 用意 群 提 示 summary n h c e 句型应用 短语互译 随 笔 back back预习课文导入写作 summary n h c e 1. 用于表述“研究结 果”。 2. 用于强调“人们常识 的不正确 ”。 3. 用于表述“对特殊群 体的建议 ”。 a new study/ research/ opinion poll/ survey by sb. suggests/ indicates that sb. believe/ feel that, but that (statement) is not/ true / the case. sb. who be (not) likely / liable to should , since (从句) 短语活用 短语互译 随 笔 back预习课文导入写作 ones profession / ones way of seeing things around / exert some effect on sth. 新视野新视野 产生式提炼与应用产生式提炼与应用 n h c e 典 型 例 句意 群 提 示 他们做的一项研究表他们做的一项研究表 明明, , 人的职业对其看人的职业对其看 待周围事物的方式会待周围事物的方式会 产生影响。产生影响。 a study by them suggests that ones profession exerts some effect on ones way of seeing things around. back back预习课文导入写作 短语活用 短语互译 随 笔 ends up with sth. / the conclusion of the course 新视野新视野 产生式提炼与应用产生式提炼与应用 n h c e 典 型 例 句意 群 提 示 有些学生认为有些学生认为, , 英语学习英语学习 随着课程结束而结束。这随着课程结束而结束。这 种看法是不正确的。种看法是不正确的。 some students think that their english study ends up with the conclusion of the course, but that is not true. back back预习课文导入写作 短语活用 短语互译 随 笔 undergraduates / go into society/ prepare oneself for sth./ rise into favor with sb. 新视野新视野 产生式提炼与应用产生式提炼与应用 n h c e 典 型 例 句意 群 提 示 将走入社会的在校大学 生应为未来做准备,因 为机会只眷顾那些有准 备的人。 the undergraduates who will go into society should prepare themselves for their future, since opportunities rise into favor with those ready for them. back back预习课文导入写作 短语活用 短语互译 随 笔 writingwriting n h c e 写作模式 writingwriting 写作实践 预习课文导入小结 topic cause/ effect effect/ cause 写作实践 随 笔 for morefor more writing patternwriting pattern n h c e back预习课文导入小结 n h c e writing pattern back预习课文导入小结 写作实践 随 笔 example 1 from the text effect: iron deficiency is very common among women in general. (para. 4) cause 1: too many women ignore the amount of iron they take in. cause 2: women of childbearing age are at greatest risk, since their monthly bleeding is a major source of iron loss. n h c e writing pattern back预习课文导入小结 写作实践 随 笔 cause 3: many health-conscious women increase their risk by rejecting red meat, which contains the most easily absorbed form of iron. cause 4: women often restrict their diet in an effort to control weight; they may not consume enough iron-rich food, and are liable to experience a deficiency. n h c e writing pattern back预习课文导入小结 写作实践 随 笔 have a look at paragraphs 5 and 6 to find out how the writer offers more causes for iron deficiency in women to support the effect “iron deficiency is very common among women in general” indicated in paragraph 4. example 2 n h c e writing pattern back预习课文导入小结 写作实践 随 笔 iron deficiency is very common among women in general. (para. 4) cause 1: (para. 5) effect: cause 2:(para.6) n h c e writing pattern back预习课文导入小结 cause 1: “the average woman takes in only two thirds of the recommended daily allowance for iron,” notes another expert. “for a woman who already has a poor iron status, any additional iron loss from exercise may be enough to tip her over the edge into a more serious deficiency,” notes the expert. sample composition 写作实践 随 笔 n h c e writing pattern back预习课文导入小结 写作实践 随 笔 cause 2: exercise can result in iron loss through a variety of mechanisms. some iron is lost in sweat, and, for unknown reasons, intense endurance exercise is sometimes associated with bleeding of the digestive system. athletes in high-impact sports such as running may also lose iron through a phenomenon where small blood vessels in the feet leak blood. 写作模式 随 笔 writing practicewriting practice n h c e back预习课文导入小结 b. 写作实践 directions: have a look at the outline below and the sample composition that has been written in the cause-and-effect structure. n h c e back预习课文导入小结 写作模式 随 笔 topic: eating disorders among young people effect: eating disorders are a serious health problem among young people. causes: great importance attached to beauty and thinness physical and emotional abuse an unfavorable relationship with others writing practicewriting practice n h c e back预习课文导入小结 写作模式 随 笔 topic: eating disorders among young people eating disorders are a serious health problem among young people. there are many reasons that can contribute to eating disorders. (effect) one of the main reasons seems to be that boys and girls want to be thin and pretty like the models they see on television and in magazines. any mention from parents or peers writing practicewriting practice n h c e back预习课文导入小结 写作模式 随 笔 about weight or appearance can lead to the onset of an eating disorder. abuse, whether it be physical or emotional, can also contribute to an eating disorder. such abuse can leave them with a lack of trust and low self-esteem. in addition, an unfavorable relationship with others is also a contributing factor to disordered eating habits. (causes) writing practicewriting practice n h c e back预习课文导入小结 写作模式 随 笔 writing assignment directions: write a composition of no less than 120 words on one of the following topics starting with a result or an effect followed by causes. one topic has been given a detailed outline that you can follow. writing practicewriting practice 1.topic: the performance of chinese and american students in their studies effect: chinese students are doing far better than american students in their studies. n h c e back预习课文导入小结 写作模式 随 笔 writing practicewriting practice causes: chinese students strong belief in hard work chinese students strong duty to their families 2. more topics: the project hope has been a success. soho lifestyle is becoming popular. n h c e back预习课文导入小结 写作模式 随 笔 writing practicewriting practice 参考范文 chinese students are doing better in their studies it is reported that chinese students are doing far better than american students in their studies. what are the reasons? that chinese have strong belief in hard work is the first of the two main factors contributing to chinese students outstanding performance. n h c e back预习课文导入小结 写作模式 随 笔 writing practicewriting practice chinese students believe that through hard work and effort, people can perfect themselves and gain a better future for themselves. and they have also set higher standards for themselves. the second factor is that chinese students have a strong duty to their families. they work hard not just for themselves but for the honor of their families. they have a high sense of responsibility. they believe that they n h c e back预习课文导入小结 写作模式 随 笔 writing practicewriting practice do not deserve the support of their parents unless they do well in their studies. the two important factors are the major causes why chinese students do so well in their studies. end 新视野新视野 大学英语大学英语 n h c e 铁与运动的关系 para. 1 运动医学专家经过多年的观察，发 现耐力运动员，特别是女性，经常会缺铁 。普渡大学研究人员进行的一项新的研究 表明：即使是适度的锻炼，也可能会降低 女性血液中的铁含量。 新视野新视野 大学英语大学英语 n h c e para. 2 “我们发现，那些通常不运动的女性 一旦开始适度的锻炼，就会出现铁含量下降 的迹象，”普渡大学罗斯安妮m.莱尔副教 授说。她对62名妇女进行了研究，并将研究 结果发表在体育运动医学与科学杂志上 。这些妇女原先不怎么运动，后来开始了为 期6个月、每周3次的锻炼。 新视野新视野 大学英语大学英语 n h c e para. 3 莱尔指出：“那些增食肉类食品 或服用铁质补剂的女性能够恢复到健康 状态。但突然参加锻炼却仍沿用旧食谱 的人则显示出铁含量降低。” 新视野新视野 大学英语大学英语 n h c e para. 4a 缺铁在女性中是很常见的，每四个 十几岁的少女中有一人缺铁，每五个18至45 岁的女性中有一人缺铁。而在积极锻炼的妇 女中这一比例更高，女耐力运动员中，缺铁 者比例则高达80%。莱尔说，这意味着“太多 女性忽视了自己摄入的铁含量。” 新视野新视野 大学英语大学英语 n h c e para. 4b 育龄女性危险最大，因为月经是 铁流失的重要原因之一。此外，许多保健 意识太强的女性也很危险，因为她们拒绝 食用牛肉或羊肉，而这些肉中含有的铁最 易被吸收。而且，由于女性常常为了控制 体重而节食，从而未能摄取足够的含铁丰 富的食物，结果可能导致缺铁。 新视野新视野 大学英语大学英语 n h c e para. 5 另一名专家指出， “普通女性每天摄入的铁 只是应摄入量的三分之二。”他指出，“ 对于那些已经缺铁的女性，任何因锻炼而 产生的更多铁质流失都足以导致体内缺铁 状况的恶化。” 新视野新视野 大学英语大学英语 n h c e para. 6 运动可能通过多种机制导致铁流 失。有些铁随汗液流失。另外，由于某些 未知的原因，高强度的耐力运动有时会引 起消化系统内出血。运动员从事跑步之类 高强度剧烈运动，也可能会因为足部血管 失血的现象而使铁质流失。 新视野新视野 大学英语大学英语 n h c e para. 7 缺铁分为三个阶段：第一也即最常见的 阶段，是铁质储量不足。这一阶段一般没有症 状。到了缺铁的第二阶段，就会出现疲倦和力 不从心，此时体内已没有足够的铁来形成血蛋 白分子，将氧输至运动肌肉。在第三即最后阶 段，人常常感到虚弱、疲乏无力、喘不过气， 运动成绩大打折扣。 新视野新视野 大学英语大学英语 n h c e para. 8 “人们认为，只要不到第三阶段就 不会有什么问题。这种想法是不对的。” 帮助设计普渡大学研究的约翰l.比尔德 说。“只有当你的铁储量为零时，你才会 进入第三阶段。而你若坐等到这个时候， 你的麻烦就大了。” 新视野新视野 大学英语大学英语 n h c e para. 9a 然而，比尔德指出，大多数铁质储量 低的人并未意识到自己缺铁，因为传统的检 测血液中铁含量的方法检验血液中输送 氧气的血蛋白的含量是不够的。其实， 有必要检查血液中另一种混合成分的含量， 它可以显示血液中的铁含量。 新视野新视野 大学英语大学英语 n h c e para. 9b 他还指出，虽然积极锻炼的育龄妇 女最有可能铁含量低，“但男性也并非不缺 铁，尤其是在他们不吃肉类而又从事高强度 的体力