人教版选修八Unit3WarmingupandReadingI.pptVIP

人教新课标必修8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventionsUnit 3 Inventors and inventions Warming up and Reading I Unit 3 Inventors Unit 3 Inventors and inventionsand inventions Warming up: In groups, discuss the inventions you know and then make a list. Warming up-I (4m) Do you know what these inventions are and when did they happen? Telephone 1876 television 1923 colour television 1940 photocopier 1937 air conditioner 1902 electronic digital computer 1942 Atomic bomb 1945 Credit cards 1950 Penicillin 1928 Among the inventions above, which invention do you think is the most important one? Why? Warming up II (2m) What is an invention?What is an invention? An Invention is something that is An Invention is something that is createdcreated by a human being. by a human being. Inventing is a scientific activity. Inventing is a scientific activity. Warming up-III (2m)Warming up-III (2m) What is a discovery?What is a discovery? A discovery merely A discovery merely makes knownmakes known something that something that already existedalready existed in in nature.nature. Look at the pictures below and discuss in pairs Look at the pictures below and discuss in pairs which pictures show inventions and which show which pictures show inventions and which show discoveries. discoveries. Pre-reading I (4m)Pre-reading I (4m) An amphibious car(2003)An amphibious car(2003) This is the first car that can travel safely This is the first car that can travel safely on water and on land. When moving on on water and on land. When moving on water, the wheels of the car turn sideways water, the wheels of the car turn sideways and move into the body. The underneath and move into the body. The underneath of the car is strong enough to sail as a of the car is strong enough to sail as a boat. It is a prototype and is not yet being boat. It is a prototype and is not yet being produced for sale. This is an interesting produced for sale. This is an interesting modern invention.modern invention. Stephensons “Rocket” (1781-1848) Stephensons “Rocket” (1781-1848) George Stephenson was one of the first George Stephenson was one of the first men to design engines for the railways men to design engines for the railways which were new at that time. One of the which were new at that time. One of the first tracks to be laid was between first tracks to be laid was between Stockton and Darlington. Stephenson Stockton and Darlington. Stephenson was one of the first railway engineers was one of the first railway engineers and in 1825 he drove the first train and in 1825 he drove the first train along the line.along the line. The structure of DNAThe structure of DNA This was a discovery of Francis Crick This was a discovery of Francis Crick and James Watson and published in and James Watson and published in 1953. These two scientists were the first 1953. These two scientists were the first to show that our genes consist of two to show that our genes consist of two spirals of DNA (called the double-helix). spirals of DNA (called the double-helix). This work led directly to the human This work led directly to the human genome project in 2003, which genome project in 2003, which discovered the Structure of DNA.discovered the Structure of DNA. Do you know the stages every inventor must go Do you know the stages every inventor must go through before they can have their invention through before they can have their invention approved? Inventing is a scientific activity and so approved? Inventing is a scientific activity and so follows similar stages to those used in scientific follows similar stages to those used in scientific research. Look at the list and work out a suitable research. Look at the list and work out a suitable order.order. Applying for a patent Applying for a patent Finding a problem Finding a problem Doing research Doing research Testing the solution Testing the solution Thinking of a creative solution Thinking of a creative solution Deciding on the inventionDeciding on the invention Pre-reading II (3m)Pre-reading II (3m) The suitable order:The suitable order: Finding a problemFinding a problem Doing research Doing research Thinking of a creative solutionThinking of a creative solution Testing the solutionTesting the solution Deciding on the inventionDeciding on the invention Applying for a patentApplying for a patent Patent office (Patent office (专利局专利局) plays the role of deciding ) plays the role of deciding what is an invention and what is not. And only what is an invention and what is not. And only inventions can get patens and so be recognized inventions can get patens and so be recognized and protected.and protected. patentspatents ReadingReading The problem of the snakesThe problem of the snakes Skim the whole passage and get the main Skim the whole passage and get the main idea:idea: The text narrates _ The text narrates _ and presents _and presents _ and applying for _. and applying for _. the problem of the snakes the problem of the snakes the procedures of catching them the procedures of catching them a patenta patent Reading-I(3m)Reading-I(3m) Divide the text into four parts and work out the Divide the text into four parts and work out the main idea for each paragraph.main idea for each paragraph. Part I Part I Part IIPart II Part IIIPart III Part IVPart IV (Para.1)(Para.1) The discovery of the problem The discovery of the problem of the snakes.of the snakes. (Paras2-3)(Paras2-3) The research on the approaches The research on the approaches to solve the problem.to solve the problem. (Para. 4-(Para. 4- 6)6) The attempts to catch The attempts to catch the snakes.the snakes. (Para.7-8)(Para.7-8) The requirement of getting The requirement of getting a patent.a patent. Reading II (5m)Reading II (5m) Scanning: Find out which paragraph or paragraphs Scanning: Find out which paragraph or paragraphs deal with each inventing process in the passage and deal with each inventing process in the passage and find the examples:find the examples: paragraphparagraphStages Stages Examples in this storyExamples in this story Find a Find a problemproblem The snake must be The snake must be _but not_but not_ Do researchDo researchLook for _ of Look for _ of removal; the _ of removal; the _ of snakessnakes Think of a Think of a creative creative solutionsolution Identify _ Identify _ possible approaches: possible approaches: choose_.choose_. removedremovedharmedharmed methodsmethods habitshabits threethree oneone 1 1 2 2 3 3 Reading III (7m)Reading III (7m) Test the Test the solution solution several timesseveral times Try_ times to make Try_ times to make it work_it work_ Apply for a Apply for a patentpatent 4,5,4,5, 6 6 7 7 threethree efficientlyefficiently Fill in the form and Fill in the form and filed patent application filed patent application with the Paten Officewith the Paten Office Detailed reading:Detailed reading: Answer the following questions:Answer the following questions: 1. 1.What was the mother upset about?What was the mother upset about? 2. 2.Why was the writer happy to help her mother?Why was the writer happy to help her mother? 3. 3.What are the three creative steps that the What are the three creative steps that the writer takes to catch the snakes without writer takes to catch the snakes without hurting them?hurting them? 4. 4.Why did cooling make the snakes less active?+Why did cooling make the snakes less active?+ 5. 5.Discuss with your partner what the advantages Discuss with your partner what the advantages might be of getting a patent.might be of getting a patent. Reading IV (5m)Reading IV (5m) 1. 1. What was the mother upset about? What was the mother upset about? 2. Why was the writer happy to help her mother?2. Why was the writer happy to help her mother? The mother was upset because a family of The mother was upset because a family of snakes had made their home near the house.snakes had made their home near the house. The writer was happy because it gave The writer was happy because it gave her an opportunity to help her mother her an opportunity to help her mother and invent something to catch the snakes and invent something to catch the snakes without hurting them at the same time.without hurting them at the same time. 3.What are the three creative steps that the writer 3.What are the three creative steps that the writer takes to catch the snakes without hurting them?takes to catch the snakes without hurting them? Step 1: She bought a stainless steel ice cream Step 1: She bought a stainless steel ice cream maker and froze the bowl. She added ice maker and froze the bowl. She added ice cubes to the top of the bowl to keep it cold. cubes to the top of the bowl to keep it cold. She placed it over the snakes habitat She placed it over the snakes habitat during the day so that the snakes would during the day so that the snakes would become sleepy and could be easily caught.become sleepy and could be easily caught. Step 2: As above she did the same but Step 2: As above she did the same but placed the bowls over the snakes placed the bowls over the snakes habitat in the evening.habitat in the evening. Step 3: As above but added a net to Step 3: As above but added a net to catch the snakes.catch the snakes. 4. Why did cooling make the snakes less active?4. Why did cooling make the snakes less active? Snakes do not have a way of keeping warm in Snakes do not have a way of keeping warm in their bodies. They get warmth from the sun their bodies. They get warmth from the sun and become more active at this time. When and become more active at this time. When the sun goes down at night they cool down the sun goes down at night they cool down and become less active. So extra cooling to and become less active. So extra cooling to the snake would make them even less active the snake would make them even less active and easier to catch.and easier to catch. 5. Discuss with your partner what the 5. Discuss with your partner what the advantages might be of getting a patent.advantages might be of getting a patent. You are able to prove that you are the first You are able to prove that you are the first person to make the invention;person to make the invention; You are recognized as a real inventor;You are recognized as a real inventor; You can make money if you sell your You can make money if you sell your invention to others.invention to others. Match the different writing characteristics Match the different writing characteristics with each writing styles:with each writing styles: Formal language with Formal language with few adjectives, not few adjectives, not emotional, factualemotional, factual Vivid use of words with Vivid use of words with similes and metaphors, similes and metaphors, emotional to describe emotional to describe atmosphere, not factual atmosphere, not factual but imaginativebut imaginative Creative writing/ Creative writing/ story story Description Description ReportReport recountrecount Reading V (3m)Reading V (3m) Vivid use of Vivid use of language and more language and more informal style, informal style, imaginative but imaginative but can be based on can be based on factfact Not use vivid or emotive Not use vivid or emotive language and sticks to the language and sticks to the facts. It is clearly set out facts. It is clearly set out and follows the framework and follows the framework for the inventing processfor the inventing process Creative writing/ Creative writing/ story story Description Description ReportReport RecountRecount Discussion:Discussion: 1. 1.Whats the writing purpose of the writer?Whats the writing purpose of the writer? 2. 2.What should we learn from this text?What should we learn from this text? Reading IV (5m)Reading IV (5m) 1. Whats the writing purpose of the writer?1. Whats the writing purpose of the writer? The writer wants to inform us of the scientific The writer wants to inform us of the scientific methods to solve present problems so that we methods to solve present problems so that we students can not only broaden the horizons but students can not only broaden the horizons but become more skilled in discovering and become more skilled in discovering and considering carefully the problems in daily life. considering carefully the problems in daily life. We are also encouraged by the writer to be We are also encouraged by the writer to be creative and hardworking as well as thinking creative and hardworking as well as thinking independently.independently. 2.What should we learn from this text?2.What should we learn from this text? We can learn from the text the way of doing We can learn from the text the way of doing scientific researches and how to apply for a scientific researches and how to apply for a patent. We can also learn that it takes an patent. We can also learn that it takes an inventor great determination persistence to inventor great determination persistence to achieve his or her ambition and persistence to achieve his or her ambition and persistence to achieve his or her ambition in life.achieve his or her ambition in life. Apply what we learn:Apply what we learn: In pairs look at the following problems. Choose In pairs l