英语易考点、重难点集锦.pptx

英语易考点、重难点集锦 单词记忆方法： 读音记忆法（条件反射）； 词根记忆法（前缀改变词义，后缀改变词性）； 滚雪球记忆法； 零碎时间记忆法； 联想记忆法：pest; ambulance; ambition; bachelor; pregnant; ponderous; admire 英语九大词性： 冠词 artl. (a; an; the) 介词 prep. (介词后加名词或动名词) 连词 conj. 代词 pron. 名词 n. (可数名词单数不能独立使用) 动词 v. (一个句子只能有一个动词) 形容词 adj. (修饰名词) 副词 adv. (修饰动词、形容词、副词及句子) 非谓语动词 non-finite verb.（to do; doing; done） 系动词 1. Be动词; 2.感官v.：seem; sound;taste; feel; smell; 3.保持类v.：keep; stay; remain； 4. 变化类v.：come true; go bad; become red; get bored; fall asleep; prove right = turn out (to be) right 从句三大类： 1. 定语从句 2. 名词性从句 3. 状语从句 1.定语从句： 分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 He has two shirts which are bought from Nike. He has two shirts, which are bought from Nike. 连接词：关系代词：who; whom; whose; which; that; as 关系副词：when; where; why 定语从句缺成分用关系代词；不缺成分用关系副词 ，what不能引导定语从句。 2.名词性从句： 1）主语从句(句子做主语；it做形式主语) 2）宾语从句（及物动词后；介词后；形容词后） 3）表语从句（放在系动词后面） 4）同位语从句（news; suggestion; advice; idea; command; order; fact; message; thought等名词后 ） 名词性从句缺成分用what，不缺成分用 that;when;where;whether等。 3. 状语从句： 时间状语从句：when; while; as; till; until 地点状语从句: where; wherever 条件状语从句 原因状语从句: because; as; since; for 结果状语从句: so.that 目的状语从句: so that 让步状语从句:though; although; as 比较 方式 词性变化 free freedom wisewisdom describe description pronounce - pronunciation complain complaint / weighweight explain - explanation complex - complexity -al结尾的名词 refuse- refusal arrive-arrival propose- proposal remove-removal approve-approval survive-survival- survivor -al结尾的形容词 professional natural traditional agricultural musical national personal global emotional electrical practical environmental original additionally educational coastal regional occasionally -ial结尾的形容词 partialpotentialinfluential beneficial official -ation结尾的名词 exploit-exploitation; explore-exploration; observe-observation; explain-explanation; combine-combination; imagine-imagination; pronounce-pronunciation; declare-declaration; invite-invitation; consider-consideration; admire-admiration; inspire-inspiration; -ation结尾的名词 relax-relaxation; adapt-adaptation; present-presentation; prepare-preparation; realize-realization; organize-organization; civilize-civilization; modernize-modernization; urbanize-urbanization; limit-limitation; examine-examination; reserve-reservation; expect-expectation; starve -starvation 词义辨析 especially(尤其); specially(特意地，专门地) series; works; means; crossroads; species;sheep wrap; pack; load; cover; fold rise; raise(6); arise symbol(2); signal; sign(2); sigh；mark violence; force;power;strength;energy;ability export; exploit; explore; explode fit; suit; match early birds letters written in pencil 几个特例：the works shown; the money left; the people invited; the words given 2. vi的过去分词，只表示完成： eg：returned students; a fallen tree； 3. vt的过去分词，表示被动和完成： eg：respected leaders；frightened kids； 4. 过去分词做定语，相当于定语从句： eg： respected leaders = leaders who are respected by returned students = students who have returned 5. 过去分词可构成合成词，做定语： eg：hand-made goods man-made satellites a widely-used language “很多的” 1. + 可数n.：many; many a; a great/good many; more than one; a large/big/great number of; large/big/great numbers of 2. + 不可数n. : much; a great/good deal of; a great/good amount of 3. + 可数和不可数n. : a lot of; lots of; plenty of; a large quantity of; large quantities of 词义辨析 ordinary 平凡的；普通的; “nothing special” eg: ordinary people/water normal 正常的； eg: normal temperature; back to normal common 共同的，常见的； eg: common interest/mistakes/sense The twins have much/a lot in common. usual 经常的，一贯的； eg: as/than usual; at the usual time/place average:普通的； person；平均的 on average 任性短语 a boy called Tom; a boy calling himself Tom ； boiling water;boiled water the topic discussed yesterday; the topic being discussed now; the topic to be discussed tomorrow. learn sth by heart; keep sth in heart; put ones heart into though/although/tough/thought/thorough/ taught/caught/naughty 今日突破 at the sight of sb, / on hearing the news, make oneself understood/heard tent; content; pretend; intend to do take out/over/off/up/in/on/office 搞定lie 撒谎lie lied lied lying liar 骗子 躺；位于lie lay lain lying 放置；下蛋lay laid laid laying 一般将来时 be doing will do does be going to do be to do be about to do sth. when be on the point of doing sth. when 作文美句 卷面； 要点； 分段； 连词； 高级句式（非限定从；主从+表从） 语法错误 1. Nowadays/At present, with the development of the society, more and more people are beginning to be aware of the importance/significance/seriousness of the To my delight/surprise, As far as I am concerned, . 2. At the very beginning,. However, on the other hand,.(反面观点) 3. Whats more,. 4. Furthermore/In addition, 5. Last but not least, taking all the factors above into consideration, we can draw the following conclusion that. 6. Only , can we 1. 单词高度要占据所给格线高度的70%。 2。合理平均安排单词与单词，字母与字母间距，平均每行10单词，12行左右为佳。 3。 尽量避免单词写的又细又长，努力写出加重后的“打印体 ”（ 不勾抹，不连笔，下笔重） 4。 单词右倾斜角度最大不要超过15度，尽量不要出现移行现象。 1.字母 a b d g o p q中的 圆圈部分尽量要圆润， 饱满。 2 注意 字母( a c e i m n o r s u v w x z ) (b d h k l t ) ( f g j p q y) 的 高度比例。 形容词变副词的规则： 多音节y结尾的词 将y改为i后加ly easy-easily happy-happily heavy-heavily 单音节y结尾的词 直接加ly shy- shylysly-slyly 以ue结尾的词 去e加ly true-truly 以le结尾的词 去e加y gentle-gently possible-possibly 其他以e结尾的词 一律加ly nice-nicely wise-wisely polite-politely 以ll结尾的词 只加y full-fully 以ic结尾的词 加ally automatic- automatically energetic-energetically 其他形容词 均加ly careful-carefully glad-gladly 不规则动词的变化 bear / beat / become / begin / blow / break / bring / build / buy / catch / choose / come / cost / cut / deal / dig / draw / drink/ drive / eat / fall / feed / feel / fight / find / fly / forget / freeze / flee / get / give / go / grow / hang / hang / have / hear / hit / hold / hurt / keep / know / lie / lie / lay / learn / leave / lend / let / lose / make / mean / meet / mistake / misunderstand /overcome / oversleep / overspend / pay / put / read / rebuild / ride / rise /run / see / sell / send / set / shake / shall / shine / shoot / shut / sing / sink /sit / sleep / smell / speak / spell / spend / stand / steal /sweep / swim / take / teach / tell / think / throw / understand /