限时饮食可以预防甚至逆转肥胖.doc

限时饮食可以预防甚至逆转肥胖2015-02-05 14:30:48|分类：健康|字号订阅Scientists,likemothers,havelongsuspectedthatmidnightsnackingisinadvisable不可取的，不明智的.Butuntilafewyearsago,therewaslittleinthewayofsciencebehindthosesuspicions却是没有多少科学证据可以来支持它.Now,anewstudyshowsthatmicepreventedfromeatingatallhoursavoidedobesityandmetabolic新城代谢，变化的problemseveniftheirdietwassometimesunhealthful.ResearchersattheSalkInstituteforBiologicalStudiesinSanDiegoandelsewherebeganexperimentingwiththeeatingpatternsoflaboratorymiceinapreviousstudy.Onthatoccasion,somemiceconsumedhigh-fatfoodwhenevertheywanted;othershadthesamedietbutcouldeatonlyduringaneight-hourwindow只能在8小时内饮食.Noneexercised.Themicethatateatallhourssoongrewchubby胖乎乎andunwell,withsymptomsofdiabetes出现了糖尿病的症状.Butthemiceontheeight-hourschedulegainedlittleweightanddevelopednometabolic新城代谢，变化的problems.Thoseresultswerepublishedin2012.Forthenewstudy,whichappearedinthejournal在杂志上CellMetabolisminDecember,Salkscientistsfedgroupsofadultmales雄性动物oneoffourdiets以四种不同的饮食喂养四组成年雄性小鼠:high-fat,high-fructose高果糖,high-fatandhigh-sucrose高糖,andregularmousekibble以及普通鼠粮.Someofthemiceineachdietarygroupwereallowedtoeatwhenevertheywantedthroughouttheirwakinghours在他们清新的时候;otherswererestricted限制tofeedingperiodsofnine, 12or15hours.Thecaloricintakeforallthemicewasthesame.所有小鼠摄入的热量卡路里数均相同Overthecourseofthe38-weekexperiment,在为期38周的实验过程中someofthemiceinthetime-restrictedgroupswereallowedtocheat逃避，欺骗onweekendsandeatwhenevertheychose.Afewoftheeat-anytimemicewereshiftedtotherestrictedwindowsmidwaythroughthestudy.Bytheend,themiceeatingatallhoursweregenerallyobese极其肥胖的andmetabolically代谢ill,reproducingtheresultsoftheearlierstudy.Butthosemicethatatewithinanine-or12-hourwindowremainedsleek圆滑的andhealthy,eveniftheycheatedoccasionallyonweekends.Whatsmore,micethatwereswitchedoutofaneat-anytimeschedulelostsomeoftheweighttheyhadgained.从随时进食组转入限时进食组的小鼠原来增加的体重有一定程度的减轻“Time-restrictedeatingdidntjustpreventbutalsoreversedobesity限时饮食不仅可以预防肥胖，还可以逆转肥胖,”saysSatchidanandaPanda,anassociateprofessorattheSalkInstitutewhooversawthestudies. “Thatwasexcitingtosee.”Micethatconsumedregularinfixedtimeperiodsalsohadlessbodyfat体脂thanthosethatatethesamefoodwhenevertheychose.Preciselyhowatime-basedeatingpatternstavedoffweightgainandillnessisnotfullyunderstood,butDr.Pandaandhiscolleaguesbelievethatthetimeatwhichfoodiseateninfluencesabodysinternalclock.进食时间影响了身体内部的生物钟“Mealtimeshavemoreeffectoncircadian昼夜rhythm节奏thandarkandlightcycles,进食时间对于昼夜节律的影响比光暗周期更大”Dr.Pandasays.Andcircadianrhythminturnaffectsthefunctionofmanygenesinthebodythatareknowntoinvolvemetabolism代谢.反过来，昼夜节律可以影响体内许多一直与新城代谢有关的基因Todate,Dr.Pandasstudieshavebeenconductedwithonlymice,仅仅在小鼠上面进行了研究buthesaystheresultsseemlikelytoapplytohumans同样适用于人类.Theupshot结果:Containyoureatingto12hoursadayorless.Andpayattentiontowhenyoubegin.Theclockstarts,Dr.Pandasays,with“thatfirstcupofcoffeewithcreamandsugarinthemorning.”并且留意什么时候开始，當你早上引用了第一杯加奶油和糖的咖啡的时候计时就开始了欢