数字时代的信息服务.ppt

数字时代的信息服务 Digital libraries and Information Services Foster Zhang Systems Integration Digital Library Systems and Services * Agenda 讨论要点 oDigitize library collection 馆藏数字化 oLibrary new role and tasks 随之变化的图书馆作用和任务 Digitize library collection 馆藏数字化 oStanford Library Digitization Project 斯坦福大学图书馆数字扫描项目 oGoogle Books Search Project Google图书全文检索项目 Google图书全文检索项目 斯坦福大学图书馆的参与和对策 根据M. A. Keller馆长五月四日向校学术委员会 的报告整理 你会如何对待Google的提议？ o无损伤的扫描和数字化全馆的馆藏 o提供图书馆数字化后的版本，可用于保 存和其他使用目的 o为图书馆和全球提供上百万册图书的全 文索引 相关的背景信息 o卡片目录联机后，馆藏图书流通量提高了大 约50% o校园读者普遍接受了字段检索（Subtle search ，）引文连接（ citation linking, ）以及电子期 刊文献的知识分类（taxonomic indexing of HighWire articles）等检索方法 o读者对电子资源和电子信息服务的要求持续 增长 斯坦福大学参与Google图书扫描 的进展情况 o扫描和数字化了近 200,000 册图书 o发现超过 4,000 册需要修理的图书(& so not digitized) o一个关于版权的大争论开始了 n孤本书（Orphan works） n怎样才可以检索以保存为目的的数字版资料？ n捍卫合理使用的解释(ad astra per aspera =to the stars through difficulties ) 校方对版权问题的关注和共识 o校长周围的“防火墙”，教务长是CEO o校董事会成立专门委员会 (Burt McMurtry & Walter Hewlett) o学校的法律部门和聘请的校外法律顾问持续 关注事态的进展 o图书馆技术服务部控制送出的图书 o扫描的图书重点放在1923年以前的出版物及政 府出版物 nTesting status for 1923-1963 imprints (Hewlett Foundation grant) Google 图书扫描包括不同版权的著作 o不受版权限制的著作 o受版权保护的著作 o出版社参与Google图书扫描项目的著作 斯坦福大学参与Google项目的原则 o在法律允许的范围内，扫描全部馆藏，约9百 万册藏书 n目前在扫描没有版权问题的图书 (gov docs, pre- 1923, selective 1923-1964) o合作的图书馆 （扫描内容范围） n密齐根大学 (similar to Stanford) n哈佛大学 (public domain (?), maybe 1 M) n纽约公共图书馆 (public domain, unusual collections) n牛津大学 Bodleian (earlier than 1885, 1 M titles) 斯坦福/Google图书扫描操作流程 o每天选择图书下架并更新流通记录 o图书送往Google总部 o图书扫描退还的周期是7天 o读者要求的图书24小时内退回 o图书损伤: n很少的散装政府出版物 n几页撕坏 o几千本书需要修理保护 扫描馆藏的目的 o数字保存 n斯坦福数字仓储中的虚拟书架（Virtual Bookshelves），数字 仓储系统正在建设中 n只供斯坦福大学读者使用 o提供检索和研究的功能 n字段检索（Subtle searching） n知识分类和联想检索（Taxonomic & Associative Searching） n引文连接和“信息工具”（Citation linking & “InfoTools”） n定题追踪和建议服务（Alerts & recommendations） n改进浏览导航（Better navigation, e.g. Grokker） o为新的研究提供各种来源的数字化图书 提供扫描图书库的检索功能 o针对全文数字图书馆藏，很多计划要增加 的检索方式来源于斯坦福大学或其它正在 使用的项目。 下面举一些例子： 字段检索 o检索指定的字段，如从书名，著者，注释 ，或出处查找字词 Enter separate search terms in the author and title fields, you will get much more precise search results than you would entering both the author name and the title keywords Into a single search box. 知识分类检索（Taxonomic Searching ） o使用来自概念结构或知识分类结构的概念 词或检索词进行检索。 Search on indexing terms and concepts that are part of a structured taxonomy, or hierarchical structure of concepts. When searching by concept, you do not need to use the exact word used in the work to get a match, and you can search across languages. 联想检索（Associative Search） oAssociated search examines keywords in a text for their proximity to other terms, and compares those vectors across texts by looking at the level of word overlap. It works best with large amounts of text, rather than a few keywords. 引文连接（Citation Linking） oHyperlinking of explicit citations in footnotes, endnotes, or bibliographies to the digital versions of the cited references Researchers can quickly develop a list of articles of interest. 信息工具（Info Tools） oSelect a word from the text you are reading, and get a definition, map, or translation of the term. 定题追踪（Alerts） oReceive notification when materials of interest to you are acquired 建议/推荐（Recommendations） oReceive recommendations for additional reading materials, based on your current selections. Stanford wants to integrate recommendations into the catalog, and also into CourseWork. 导航工具（Navigation Tools） oA graphic display and categorization allows a user to maneuver more quickly through these results. 对传统图书馆服务的影响 o读者需要的资料也许不在图书馆里 o系统要支持远地存储的服务 o图书馆变信息交流地？（Information commons ） 斯坦福大学图书馆远地存储设施 图书馆的新任务：数字信息保存 oLibrary will carry the leading role of institution digital repository oPreserve public and local created digital contents oActive participate in national and regional digital archiving projects 向数图迈进 Digital libraries The majority participants are from non-LIS fields. Institutional repositories Involvement can be seen at all levels Amazon/Google The whole chain of production of what LIS professionals do. The Semantic Web specifications, guidelines, software, and tools related to knowledge representation and organization The “information commons” From Integrated Library Systems to Integrated Information Services LibraryCity: end-user interaction Scholarly publishing, preservation, and persistence business LOCKSS HighWire Press Collaboration and Learning Environment Sakai Project 小结： 变化中的图书馆的作用和服务 o从编制书目到知识导航 o提供馆藏到提供满足读者信息需求的工 具 o收集书刊到保存知识和发展数字文献内 容（Knowledge preservation and content creation） o变单馆运作为知识源提供机构的成员 谢谢各位！ * %v(y0B3E6I9LcOgRjUmYp!t&w)z1C4F7JaMePhSkWnZq$u*x+A2D5H8KbNfQiUlXo#s%v(y0B3F6I9LdOgRjVmYq!t&w-z1C4G7JbMePhTkWnZr$u*x+A2E5H8KcNfQiUlXp#s%v)y0B3F6IaLdOgSjVmYq!t*w-z1D4G7JbMeQhTkWoZr$u(x+B2E5H9KcNfRiUmXp#s&v)y0C3F7IaLdPgSjVnYq!t*w-A1D4G8JbMeQhTlWoZr%u(x+B2E6H9KcOfRiUmXp!s&v)z0C3F7IaMdPgSkVnYq$t*x-A1D5G8JbNeQiTlWo#r%u(y+B2E6H9LcOfRjUmXp!s&w)z0C4F7IaMdPhSkVnZq$t*x-A2D5G8KbNeQiTlXo#r%v(y+B3E6I9LcOgRjUmYp!t&w)z1C4F7JaMdPhSkWnZq$u*x- A2D5H8KbNfQiTlXo#s%v(y0B3E6I9LdOgRjVmYp!t&w-z1C4G7JaMePhTkWnZr$u*x+A2E5H8KcNfQiUlXp#s%v)y0B3F6I9LdOgSjVmYq!t&w-z1D4G7JbMePhTkWoZr$u(x+A2E5H9KcNfRiUlXp#s&v)y0C3F6IaLdPgSjVnYq!t*w-A1D4G8JbMeQhTkWoZr%u(x+B2E5H9KcOfRiUmXp#s&v)z0C3F7IaLdPgSkVnYq$t*w-A1D5G8JbNeQhTlWo#r%u(y+B2E6H9LcOfRjUmXp!s&v)z0C4F7IaMdPgSkVnZq$t*x-A1D5G8KbNeQiTlWo#r%v(y+B3E6H9LcOgRjUmYp!s&w)z1C4F7JaMdPhSkWnZq$u*x- A2D5H8KbNfQiTlXo#r%v(y0B3E6I9LcOgRjVmYp!t&w)z1C4G7JaMePhSkWnZr$u*x+A2D5H8KcNfQiUlXo#s%v)y0B3F6I9LdOgSjVmYq!t&w-z1C4G7JbMePhTkWnZr$u(x+A2E5H8KcNfRiUlXp#s%v)y0C3F6IaLdOgSjVnYq!t*w-z1D4G8JbMeQhTkWoZr%u(x+B2E5H9KcOfRiUmXp#s&v)y0C3F7IaLdPgSjVnYq$t*w-A1D4G8JbNeQhTlWoZr%u(y+B2E6H9KcOfRjUmXp!s&v)z0C4F7IaMdPgSkVnZq$t*x-A1D5G8JbNeQiTlWo#r%u(y+B3E6H9LcOfRjUmYp!s&w)z0C4F7JaMdPhSkVnZq$u*x- A2D5G8KbNfQiTlXo#r%v(y0B3E6I9LcOgRjUmYp!t&w)z1C4F7JaMePhSkWnZq$u*x+A2D5H8KbNfQiUlXo#s%v(y0B3F6I9LdOgRjVmYq!t&w-z1C1C4G7JbMePhTkWnZr$u(x+A2E5H8KcNfRiUlXp#s%v)y0B3F6IaLdOgSjVmYq!t*w-z1D4G7JbMeQhTkWoZr$u(x+B2E5H9KcNfRiUmXp#s&v)y0C3F7IaLdPgSjVnYq$t*w-A1D4G8JbNeQhTlWoZr%u(x+B2E6H9KcOfRiUmXp!s&v)z0C3F7IaMdPgSkVnYq$t*x-A1D5G8JbNeQiTlWo#r%u(y+B3E6H9LcOfRjUmYp!s&w)z0C4F7IaMdPhSkVnZq$t*x- A2D5G8KbNeQiTlXo#r%v(y+B3E6I9LcOgRjUmYp!t&w)z1C4F7JaMePhSkWnZq$u*x+A2D5H8KbNfQiTlXo#s%v(y0B3E6I9LdOgRjVmYp!t&w-z1C4G7JaMePhTkWnZr$u*x+A2E5H8KcNfQiUlXp#s%v)y0B3F6IaLdOgSjVmYq!t*w-z1D4G7JbMePhTkWoZr$u(x+A2E5H9KcNfRiUlXp#s&v)y0C3F6IaLdPgSjVnYq!t*w-A1D4G8JbMeQhTlWoZr%u(x+B2E6H9KcOfRiUmXp#s&v)z0C3F7IaLdPgSkVnYq$t*w-A1D5G8JbNeQhTlWo#r%u(y+B2E6H9LcOfRjUmXp!s&w)z0C4F7IaMdPhSkVnZq$t*x- A1D5G8KbNeQiTlWo#r%v(y+B3E6H9LcOgRjUmYp!s&w)z1C4F7JaMdPhSkWnZq$u*x-A2D5H8KbNfQiTlXo#s%v(y0B3E6I9LdOgRjVmYp!t&w)z1C4G7J7JaMePhSkWnZr$u*x+A2D5H8KcNfQiUlXo#s%v)y0B3F6I9LdOgSjVmYq!t&w-z1D4G7JbMePhTkWoZr$u(x+A2E5H9KcNfRiUlXp#s&v)y0C3F6IaLdOgSjVnYq!t*w-z1D4G8JbMeQhTkWoZr%u(x+B2E5H9KcOfRiUmXp#s&v)z0C3F7IaLdPgSkVnYq$t*w-A1D5G8JbNeQhTlWoZr%u(y+B2E6H9KcOfRjUmXp!s&v)z0C4F7IaMdPgSkVnZq$t*x- A1D5G8KbNeQiTlWo#r%v(y+B3E6H9LcOgRjUmYp!s&w)z0C4F7JaMdPhSkVnZq$u*x-A2D5G8KbNfQiTlXo#r%v(y0B3E6I9LcOgRjVmYp!t&w)z1C4G7JaMePhSkWnZr$u*x+A2D5H8KcNfQiUlXo#s%v(y0B3F6I9LdOgRjVmYq!t&w-z1C4G7JbMePhTkWnZr$u(x+A2E5H8KcNfRiUlXp#s%v)y0C3F6IaLdOgSjVnYq!t*w-z1D4G7JbMeQhTkWoZr$u(x+B2E5H9KcNfRiUmXp#s&v)y0C3F7IaLdPgSjVnYq$t*w-A1D4G8JbNeQhTlWoZr%u(y+B2E6H9KcOfRiUmXp!s&v)z0C3F7IaMdPgSkVnYq$t*x- A1D5G8JbNeQiTlWo#r%u(y+B3E6H9LcOfRjUmYp!s!s&w)z0C4F7JaMdPhSkVnZq$u*x-A2D5G8KbNfQiTlXo#r%v(y+B3E6I9LcOgRjUmYp!t&w)z1C4F7JaMePhSkWnZq$u*x+A2D5H8KbNfQiUlXo#s%v(y0B3F6I9LdOgRjVmYq!t&w-z1C4G7JbMePhTkWnZr$u*x+A2E5H8KcNfQiUlXp#s%v)y0B3F6IaLdOgSjVmYq!t*w-z1D4G7JbMeQhTkWoZr$u(x+B2E5H9KcNfRiUmXp#s&v)y0C3F6IaLdPgSjVnYq!t*w-A1D4G8JbMeQhTlWoZr%u(x+B2E6H9KcOfRiUmXp!s&v)z0C3F7IaMdPgSkVnYq$t*x- A1D5G8JbNeQhTlWo#r%u(y+B2E6H9LcOfRjUmXp!s&w)z0C4F7IaMdPhSkVnZq$t*x-A2D5G8KbNeQiTlXo#r%v(y+B3E6I9LcOgRjUmYp!t&w)z1C4F7JaMdPhSkWnZq$u*x-A2D5H8KbNfQiTlXo#s%v(y0B3E6I9LdOgRjVmYp!t&w-z1C4G7JaMePhTkWnZr$u*x+A2E5H8KcNfQiUlXo#s%v)y0B3F6I9LdOgSjVmYq!t&w-z1D4G7JbMePhTkWoZr$u(x+A2E5H9KcNfRiUlXp#s&v)y0C3F6IaLdPgSjVnYq!t!t*w-A1D4G8JbMeQhTlWoZr%u(x+B2E5H9KcOfRiUmXp#s&v)z0C3F7IaLdPgSkVnYq$t*w- A1D5G8JbNeQhTlWo#r%u(y+B2E6H9LcOfRjUmXp!s&w)z0C4F7IaMdPgSkVnZq$t*x-A1D5G8KbNeQiTlWo#r%v(y+B3E6H9LcOgRjUmYp!s&w)z1C4F7JaMdPhSkWnZq$u*x-A2D5H8KbNfQiTlXo#s%v(y0B3E6I9LcOgRjVmYp!t&w)z1C4G7JaMePhSkWnZr$u*x+A2D5H8KcNfQiUlXo#s%v)y0B3F6I9LdOgSjVmYq!t&w-z1D4G7JbMePhTkWnZr$u(x+A2E5H8KcNfRiUlXp#s%v)y0C3F6IaLdOgSjVnYq!t*w-z1D4G8JbMeQhTkWoZr%u(x+B2E5H9KcOfRiUmXp#s&v)y0C3F7IaLdPgSjVnYq$t*w- A1D4G8JbNeQhTlWoZr%u(y+B2E6H9H9KcOfRjUmXp!s&v)z0C4F7IaMdPgSkVnZq$t*x-A1D5G8KbNeQiTlWo#r%v(y+B3E6H9LcOfRjUmYp!s&w)z0C4F7JaMdPhSkVnZq$u*x-A2D5G8KbNfQiTlXo#r%v(y0B3E6I9LcOgRjVmYp!t&w)z1C4G7JaMePhSkWnZr$u*x