外文翻译---电子商务与物流的关系.docx

附 录Electronic commerce and physical distribution relationsFirst, under the electronic commerce environment physical distribution pattern 1. The use of EMS services in the logistics model.The enterprise either the business obtains information and so on consumers shopping list and home address from the website or the hypothesized website, then goes through the special delivery formalities to the nearby post office to mail out the cargo, the customer receives the post office to take the goods notice, brings back to the locus post office the cargo, or delivers directly by the mailman the cargo in the customer hand. The use of EMS services with a convenient, fast characteristics. But, High fees, and very difficult to ensure that consumer receives goods within the time expecting that2. Corporate self-distribution logistics model station.The enterprise establishes own cargo allocation spot in the lands the customer crowded area, after obtaining the shopping information, delivers goods to the doorstep by an allocation personnel. This kind of physical distribution pattern may satisfy the customer “namely to buy namely results in” the shopping psychology demand. But it also has following problem: An allocation layout, the population equipment, the commodity reserve and so on determined reasonably very difficultly. 3. draws support from the third party physical distribution enterprises pattern. The third party physical distribution is the enterprise completes part or the complete physical distribution activity request for other specialized physical distribution company. The physical distribution company itself does not have the commodity, but forms the cooperation alliance with the enterprise, provides the service for the customer. Selects this physical distribution method, the service is the specialization, multi-purpose and omni-directional. But if the delivering goods quantity is too small, the delivery expense must be higher than generally other form service expense.Second, under the electronic commerce environment physical distribution existences question the 1. The theoretical study of the logistics system and in-depth enough .Our country physical distribution managements researcher just contacted these new theories, waits for in further digests and absorbs. 2. Lack of infrastructure, backward technology and equipment, the logistics industry is relatively backward.Our country Enterprise in the physical distribution aspects Information technology, the integrated management and the computer applied technology level is generally low. Transport capacity can not meet the needs of industry, the main transport corridors are still prominent contradiction between supply and demand.3. Related the logistics of e-commerce environment laws and regulations remain to be improved.4. The logistics industry and logistics management training should be strengthened .The physical distribution talented person and the Information technology are realize the physical distribution modernization basic condition, the physical distribution talented person lack seriously, are unable to provide the enough intellectual support for the new physical distribution systems establishment.Third, physical distribution under electronic commerce environmental effect trend of development more than 1. Multi-faceted - the direction of development of the logistics industry .In electronic commerce time, when the physical distribution develops the intensified stage, the integrated allocation center not only provides the warehousing and the transportation service, but must develop distributes orders, the allocation and so on each kind to enhance the added value the circulation processing service items. The modern supply chain management, through from supplies the chain to enable the physical distribution to consumers synthesis operation to achieve the optimization. The enterprise pursues the comprehensive systems comprehensive effect more and more, from this kind of strategic angle embarking, physical distribution many are the logistics development direction. 2. First-class services - the pursuit of logistics enterprises. Under the electronic commerce influence, the logistics is situated between the suppliers and buys between the supplier the third party, is take serves as the objective. The physical distribution enterprise not only needs to serve for this area, must carry on the long distance service, not only because the customer the hope obtains the good service, moreover the hope service point is not, but are many places. Therefore, how to provide the high grade service then to become the physical distribution business management and the development core topic. Also only then has the first-class service physical distribution enterprise, can impel the electronic commerce truly the development. 3. Information technology- the only way to modern logistics industry .In the electronic commerce time, must provide the best service, the physical distribution system must have the good information processing and the transmission system. When the cargo transports from the world, the customer then may place information and so on obtain the arrival time, receipt, so that the warehousing, the Transport company can prepare for, causes the commodity, in does not pause nearly in situation fast flowing, thus raises the service level greatly, reduces the cost, enhances the competitive power, also manifests the electronic commerce to depend on the convenience which well the network platform brings to be quick .electronic commerce and the physical distribution take the modern circulation two big methods, has the close relation. Electronic commerce takes the network time one kind of brand-new transaction pattern, is opposite in the tradition trading mode is a revolution. But, electronic commerce must have the modernized physical distribution technology support, can manifest its incomparable sophistication and the superiority. Only then develops the modernized physical distribution vigorously, electronic commerce can a better development. Along with the 21st century Information technology, the network development, will certainly to promote the electronic commerce and the physical distribution organic synthesis, the modernized physical distribution computerization will become the populace to live the indispensable important part.Fourth, e-commerce model of logisticsUnder electronic commerce the physical distribution and the allocation, are the Information technology, modernized, the socialized physical distribution and the allocation. Refers to the logistics and distribution network of enterprise computer technology and modern hardware devices, software systems and advanced management tools for social needs, strictly, keep the land in accordance with the users order request, to conduct a series of classification, allocation, sorting , division of labor and distribution of work, such as cargo handling, timing, fixed-point, there is no quantitative way to limit the scope of the various types of users, to meet their demand for goods. We can see that this new type of logistics and distribution is based on a new look, becoming the vanguard of innovation in circulation Basin, on behalf of the modern marketing of the main direction. New type of logistics and distribution will enable the circulation of commodities in a more traditional way of logistics and distribution of information more easily, automation, modernization, social, intelligence, rationalization, simplification, which reduces the production of inventory, speed up cash flow and improve logistics efficiency and reduce logistics costs, also stimulated the social needs of society as a whole is conducive to macro-transfer space, but also to enhance the economic benefits of the whole society, and promote the healthy development of market economy. Traditional logistics and distribution centers can be divided into the following types: the main manufacturers in the distribution center to wholesalers as the main distribution center to retail distribution centers as the main body to the main storage for the transport of the distribution center. The traditional distribution model can be divided into the following: Set-based distribution model of cargo, bulk-type mixed distribution model and distribution model. Finally, this model combines the two types of distribution patterns of the previous advantages, can the flow of goods to carry out effective control of the entire process. Finally, this model combines the two types of distribution patterns in front of the merits of, may carry on the active control to the commodity circulation entire process. Uses this kind of allocation pattern the circulation enterprise, like regional physical distribution allocation center. This kind of operation pattern comparison meets the new physical distribution allocation requirement (Especially e-commerce logistics and distribution under). 20th century 80s, the Western developed countries, such as the United States, France and Germany put forward a theory of modern logistics integration, application and guide the development of its logistics achieved significant results. Logistics is the logistics system integration as the core business from production through logistics, marketing companies, until the whole supply chain, consumers and systematic. Logistics integration is the development of logistics industry form, it must be fully developed third-party logistics and perfecting basis. Logistics integrated logistics management is a real problem, that is, specialization in logistics management and technical staff make full use of specialized logistics equipment, facilities, play a specialized logistics management experience, in order to obtain the best overall results. At the same time, Trends in the logistics integration has provided the good development environment and the giant market demand for the third party physical distributions development. Fifth, the development of e-commerce can not be separated from objects of modern logistics This has become the peoples consensus, that is why so many e-commerce company after years of exploration and the conclusions arrived at after. Today in e-commerce in full swing, many companies are still not solve the problem of logistics, freight service is still the bottleneck of the development of e-commerce. Claiming to solve the problem of a small number of logistics companies, but also made use of the national postal system, post office, city Express system, the delivery of books, audio-visual products such as small items. The more electronic commerce company adopted has requested the way which the factory, the business delivered goods to complete the customer.Sixth, e-commerce and modern logistics difficult to matchE-commerce enterprises to establish a match with the modern logistics enterprises is not an easy task, first of all, business investment as a result of a huge logistics, land, warehouse, loading and unloading, sorting, distribution, and management need to invest a lot of money. Chinas logistics enterprises in most of the existing facilities behind the shortage of funds, a heavy burden, unable to transform quickly and e-commerce, security, reliable fall far short of the requirements. Secondly, the segmentation of logistics enterprises in the industry seriously, there is no unified logistics logistic management policies and practices. The transport sector ministries belong to different managements, warehousing sectors belong to different ministries and local. Circulation of documents caused by non-standard, non-uniform, non-GM, turbulent flow of goods, road toll stations, and charges a large amount of smooth flow of goods can not. Therefore, in order to make Chinas e-commerce to become new economic growth point and an important pillar of the national economy, the state and enterprises must pay great attention to the development of modern logistics and construction companies. In a sense said that the physical distribution facilitys quality and physical distribution unobstructed, is a national comprehensive national strength and the economic development symbol. Seventh, electronic commerce and the modern physical distribution difficult to match solution The construction of modern logistics facilities, it is necessary to the actual situation in our country. States should establish the authority of the logistics management agencies, logistics development of Chinas future direction, speed, policies, facilities, systems, etc.; co-ordination to resolve ports and terminals, railways, highways, waterways, aviation sites, the hub of the sector issues and policy division ; the implementation of the work of the standardization of logistics; the logistics industry as the basic industry of the national economy, by providing loans, taxation, the introduction of such preferential treatment. And medium-sized cities should be planning the construction of an integrated logistics center to reduce the storage and transportation enterprises scattered phenomena. At the same time, the basis of logistics enterprises in Chinas poor, can not copy the developed countries of modern logistics equipment and mode of business. Attention should be paid to the existing storage area and the existing organization and integration of transport, logistics enterprises to mobilize existing positive factors and multi-channel transformation of the existing logistics facilities funding.E-commerce and modern logistics as the two major means of circulation, between closely related. E-commerce and logistics between the actual situation accordingly, the relationship between the status of the logistics industry will greatly enhance the supply chain will be a short circuit, and third-party logistics e-business environment will become the main form of logistics, procurement will be more convenient, the price will be lower, as a business flow, information flow and pooling of logistics centers, the implementation of centralized inventory, transport is divided into a transport and secondary transport, more convenient, multimodal transport services has been widely available, open-loop flow Information has become the main basis for logistics. However, e-commerce must have a modern logistics technology, it has to reflect the nature and the incomparable superiority to the maximum extent possible so that the two sides has been to facilitate transactions, access to benefits.电子商务与物流的关系一、电子商务环境下物流模式1、采用邮政特快专递服务的物流模式。企业或商家从网站或虚拟网站上获得消费者的购物单和家庭地址等信息，然后到附近的邮局办理特快专递手续将货物寄出，客户收到邮局的取货通知，到所在地邮局将货物取回，或由邮递员直接将货物送到顾客手中。采用邮政特快专递服务方式具有方便、快捷的特点。但是收费偏高，且很难保证消费者在期望的时间内收到货物。2、企业自建配送站的物流模式。企业在全国各地的客户密集地区设置自己的货物配送点，在获得购物信息后，由配送点的人员送货上门。这种物流模式可以满足客户的“即购即得”购物心理需求。但它也存在如下的问题：配送点的布局、人数的配备、商品的库存量等很难合理地确定。3、借助第三方物流企业的模式。第三方物流就是企业将一部分或全部物流活动委托给其他的专业物流公司来完成。物流公司本身不拥有商品，而是与企业结成合作联盟，为客户提供服务。采用这种物流方式，服务是专业化、多功能和全方位的。但是如果送货量太小，送货费用一般比其他形式服务费用还要高。二、电子商务环境下物流存在的问题1、对物流理论的研究还不够系统和深入。当今物流管理理论的研究和实际应用都已取得了长足的进步，出现了许多新的理论。我国物流管理的研究者刚刚接触这些新理论，有待于进一步消化和吸收。2、基础设施能力不足，技术装备落后，物流业相对落后。我国企业在物流方面的信息化、集成化管理与计算机应用技术水平普遍较低。交通运输能力仍不能满足行业的需求，主要运输通道供需矛盾依然突出。3、有关电子商务环境下物流的法律法规有待完善。4、物流行业人才培训和物流管理亟待加强。物流人才和信息化是实现物流现代化的根本条件，物流人才严重缺乏，无法为新的物流体系的建立提供足够的智力支持。三、物流在电子商务环境影响下的发展趋势1、多面化物流业的发展方向。在电子商务时代，当物流发展到集约化阶段时，一体化的配送中心不仅提供仓储和运输服务，还必须开展配货、配送等各种提高附加值的流通加工服务项目。现代供应链管理，通过从供应链到消费者的综合运作使物流达到最优化。企业越来越追求全面的系统的综合效果，从这种战略角度出发，物流多面化是物流业的发展方向。2、一流的服务物流企业的追求。在电子商务影响下，物流业是介于供货方和购货方之间的第三方，是以服务为宗旨的。物流企业不仅要为本地区服务，更要进行长距离服务，因为客户不但希望得到好的服务，而且希望服务点不是一处，而是多处。因此，如何提供高质量的服务便成了物流企业管理和发展的核心课题。也只有拥有一流服务的物流企业，才能真正推动电子商务的发展。3、信息化现代物流业的必由之路。在电子商务时代，要提供最佳的服务，物流系统必须有良好的信息处理和传输系统。当货物从世界各地起运时，客户便可以获得到达时间、到货地点等信息，以便仓储、运输公司做好准备，使商品在几乎不停留的情况下快速流动，从而大大提高服务水平，降低成本，提高竞争力，也更好地体现出电子商务依托网络平台带来的方便快捷。电子商务和物流作为现代流通的两大手段，有着密切的联系。电子商务作为网络时代的一种全新的交易模式，相对于传统交易方式是一场革命。但是，电子商务必须有现代化的物流技术的支持，才能体现出其无可比拟的先进性和优越性。只有大力发展现代化物流，电子商务才能更好发展。随着21世纪信息化、网络化的发展，必将促进电子商务与物流的有机结合，现代化物流电子化将成为大众生活中不可或缺的重要部分。四、电子商务下物流模式的探讨电子商务下物流和配送，是信息化、现代化、社会化的物流和配送。是指物流和配送企业采用网络化的计算机技术和现代化的硬件设备、软件系统及先进的管理手段，针对社会需求，严格地、守信用地按用户的订货要求，进行一系列分类、编配、整理、分工、配货