[初三英语]初中英语基础知识专题复习一---语音.doc

初中英语基础知识专题复习（一)-语音锦屏县民族中学 龙章灼第一节 英语国际音标英语国际音标表（48个）元音（20个）长元音/:/:/:/i:/U:/短元音/e/e/a/ 双元音/e/a/辅音（28个）轻辅音/p/t/k/f/s/浊辅音/b/d/g/v/z/轻辅音/h/ts/t/tr/浊辅音/r/dz/d/dr/鼻音/m/n/ 半元音/j/ w/边音/Drills on English vowels:/i:/ fee feed feet tea sea seek/ fit did dick pig pill pity/e/ bed better beg bell best said/ lab lack bag back banner flag/:/ car card bar bath far father/ bus sum supper run rush rubber/:/ door four form saw sought sorter/ song sock sorry long loss dog/U:/ two tool soon blue school goose/ good book stood fool cook put/:/ sir serve surface stir turn were/ again above arrive reader editor/e/ pay pain pace say save rain/a/ why wide eye ice lie line/ joy join boy point coin choice/ beer fear hear here real theatre/e/ air care dare bear there dairy/ tour tourist poor sure during/ low load hoe home hope know/a/ now mouse loud mouth allow Drills on Consonants: /p/ park pig path lamp sleep cap/b/ bed lab book bit best job/t/ tea tell meet hat spite waiter/d/ desk date dice and find red/k/ key kiss keep cake ink week/g/ gate game get egg ago leg/f/ fat fast feel first leaf wife/v/ very vast verb believe have brave/s/ see seek son snow bus less/z/ zoo zero zeal lays size eyes/ think thank thing cloth breath / this that then breathe with bathe/ sheep share shave push crash/ measure pleasure treasure occasion/t/ chair cheap rich reach catch/d/ jeep joke Jane large orange/tr/ tree trip try train trade translate/dr/ dress dry drive drop dream draw/ts/ treats streets waits gets meets/dz/ words birds kinds aids leads/h/ head heart how high hand/r/ rose rice read river rain pretty/m/ make much month member same/n/ nice north name need soon/ ink think thank angry thing sing/j/ yard yes yet year your yellow/ w/ word would world wake window/ let life lake bell silk fool第二节 音节及音节的分类英语有二十六个字母，其中a, e, i(y为半元音字母), o, u,为元音字母，其余为辅音字母。一、音节音节：音节是说话时最小的语音片段。1、一个元音可以构成一个音节。如：i/a/, ear/, air/e/等.2、一个元音和一个辅音或几个辅音结合，可以构成一个音节。这种情况较多。如：he/hi:/， she/i:/， war/ w:/， fly/fa /， stand/stnd /, thank/k/, bed/bed/等.3、英语中辅音不响亮，一般不能构成音节。但/m/，/n/， /，/是四个响辅音，它们和某些辅音组合，可以构成一个音节。这种音节往往出现在词尾，不重读。如：apple/p /, season/si:zn /, reason/ri:zn /等。 二、音节的分类：1、单词根据所含音节数目，可以分为：单音节词：he/hi:/， see/si: /, sit/sit /.双音节词：morning/m:ni/, lesson/esn /, teacher/ti:t /.多音节词：department/dipa:tment/, conversation/knvsein /.2、重读音节和非重读音节在双音节和多音节词中，有一个音节读得特别响亮，这个音节叫做重读音节（一般来说，除了一些复合词外，每个单词只有重读音节），其他不响亮的音节叫做非重读音节。重读音节用重读符号“”来表示。英语双音节词的重读多放在第一个音节上。如：party /pa:ti/, study /stdi/.有三个或三个以上音节的词叫做多音节词。多音节词的重读一般在倒数第三个音节上。如：activity /ktivti /, monitor /mnit /.3、开音节、闭音节、r音节：开音节：英语中开音节有两种：绝对开音节：以元音字母结尾的音节。如：go/g /, too/tu:/, she/ i:/, my/mai/相对开音节：“元音字母一个辅音字母不发音的e”构成的音节。如：name/neim/, like/aik/, some/sm /.闭音节：以一个或几个辅音字母（r除外）结尾，而中间只有一个元音字母的音节。如：it/it/, cat/kt/, jes/jes/, pen/pen/.r音节：以“元音字母r”构成的音节。如：-ar, -or, -er, -ir, -urDrills:1、 区分一下单词是单音节词,双音节词还是多音节词.heavy like culture favorite palace person short captain popular curly