英语写作常见语法错误分析.ppt

英语写作常见错误英语写作常见错误 。 1句子结构混乱，出现句子不完整 或句子成分多余 2 词性误用 3主谓不一致 4根据中文逐字硬译 5. 名词可数与不可数的误用 6.介词to和不定式符号的混淆 7 .动宾搭配不当 8. 词组搭配错误 9综合性语言错误: 有诸如时态， 语态，标点符号，大小写等方面的错误 1 1句子结构混乱，出现句子不完整或句子结构混乱，出现句子不完整或句子句子 成分多余。成分多余。句子不完整（句子不完整（Sentence FragmentsSentence Fragments ）在口语中，交际双方可借助手势语气上下）在口语中，交际双方可借助手势语气上下 文等，不完整的句子完全可以被理解可是文等，不完整的句子完全可以被理解可是 书面语就不同了，句子结构不完整会令意思书面语就不同了，句子结构不完整会令意思 表达不清，这种情况常常发生在主句写完以表达不清，这种情况常常发生在主句写完以 后，笔者又想加些补充说明时发生后，笔者又想加些补充说明时发生 例例1 1There are large number of people There are large number of people die from the disasters.die from the disasters. 改为1：There are a large number of There are a large number of people who die from the disasters. people who die from the disasters. 改为2：There are a large number of There are a large number of people dying from the disasters.people dying from the disasters. 改为3：A large number of people die A large number of people die from the disasters.from the disasters. 例例2 2There is a fire happened / There is a fire happened / broke out. broke out. There was occurred a fire in Honghua Hotel. 改为：改为：A fire happened / broke out /A fire happened / broke out / occurred. occurred. 例例3 3She learn knowledge depend on She learn knowledge depend on herself. herself. 改为：改为： She She learnslearns knowledge knowledge by herselfby herself. . 例例4 4The driver of the red car was The driver of the red car was died on the spot. died on the spot. 改为：改为：The driver of the red car The driver of the red car dieddied on on the spot.the spot. 例例5 5Helping others we also know the Helping others we also know the significance of life. significance of life. 改为：改为： We also We also realizerealize the the significance of life significance of life throughthrough helping helping others.others. 例例6 6The public service advertisement The public service advertisement catch everyones eyes, enable us pay catch everyones eyes, enable us pay more attention about our lives and more attention about our lives and societies. societies. 改为：改为：The public service advertisementThe public service advertisements s catch everyones eyes, catch everyones eyes, whichwhich enable enables s us us toto pay more attention pay more attention about our lives and societies. about our lives and societies. 例例7 7The aging of population bring The aging of population bring some problems, such as the lack of some problems, such as the lack of labor, seniors feel lonely and so on. labor, seniors feel lonely and so on. 改为：改为： The aging of population The aging of population brings brings aboutabout some problems, such as the lack some problems, such as the lack of labor, of labor, seniors sense of lonelinessseniors sense of loneliness and so on.and so on. 例例8 8Children take care of the seniors Children take care of the seniors should meet their material needs, but should meet their material needs, but this is not enough, concerning their this is not enough, concerning their spiritual needs is more important. spiritual needs is more important. 改为：改为： When it comes to takingWhen it comes to taking care of care of the seniors , children should the seniors , children should meet their meet their spiritual needsspiritual needs as well as material needsmaterial needs. . 例例9 9When your opportunity coming, When your opportunity coming, you attain success will be easier. you attain success will be easier. 改为：改为： When your opportunity When your opportunity comescomes, , it will be easier for you to attain successit will be easier for you to attain success. . 2 2 词性误用词性误用(Misuse of Parts of (Misuse of Parts of Speech) Speech) “ “词性误用词性误用” ”常表现为：介词常表现为：介词 当动词用；形容词当副词用；名词当动词用；形容词当副词用；名词 当动词用等当动词用等 例Its likely to success if you have confident, diligent and intelligence. 改为1： You are likely to succeed if you have confidence, diligence and intelligence. 改为2： Its likely that you will achieve success if you are confident, diligent and intelligent. 改为3： It is likely that you are on theIt is likely that you are on the way to success way to success if you have if you have confidence, diligence and confidence, diligence and intelligence. intelligence. 例2You cant success without your efforts. 改为1：You cant succeed without your efforts. 改为2：You cant obtain success without your efforts. 改为3：You cant become successful without your efforts. 改为4： Success is no longer out of reach with your great efforts. 例3As the development of science and technology,- 改为：With the development of science and technology,- / As the science and technology develop - 例例4 4I usually do some public services I usually do some public services for free, trying my best to service for for free, trying my best to service for the public.the public. 改为： I usually do some public services for free, trying my best to serve the public. 例5 The public service advertisement is benefit to us. 改为1: The public service advertisement is beneficial to us. 改为2: The public service advertisement benefits us. 改为3：The public service advertisement is of great benefit to us. 改为4: We benefits a lot from the public service advertisement. 例6Some seniors were died because of without their childrens support. 改为：Some seniors died for lack of their childrens support. 例7The old man was hit by a car when he across the street. 改为：The old man was hit by a car when he was crossing the street. 例8The children are supposed to spare some time to company their parents. 改为： The children are supposed to spare some time to accompany our parents chatting . 例9With the rapid development of economic, the conditions of our life is improving. 改为： With the rapid development of economy, the conditions of our life are improving. 例10They need economical concerned , but also mental concerned. 改为： They need not only financial support, but also emotional support . 例11With the development of the mordern social, more and more families prefer to have one child or even none, which cause the sum of the seniors has been increase quickly. 改为： With the development of the modern society, an increasing number of families prefer to have one child or even none, which cause the rapid increase of the sum of the seniors. cause sth. cause sb. to do sth. 例12The fire was because of the wrong of electricity. 改为： The fire was due to electric fault. 例13The cause of the fire includes peoples careless and dry weather. 改为： The cause of the fire includes peoples carelessness and dry weather. 例14Although I am not a specialize student of computer, I have enough knowledge about computer and I have ever take a part-time summer job as a sellman before. 改为： Although I am not a computer major / a student majoring in computer, I have enough knowledge about computer and I have ever taken a part-time summer job as a salesman before. 例15Many students choice go to the library in their spare time in order to get more knowledge. 改为： Many students choose to go to the library in their spare time in order to update their knowledge. 3 3主谓不一致主谓不一致 例例There are too much thing we There are too much thing we can do to protect our earth.can do to protect our earth. 改为： There are too many things we can do to protect our earth. 例例2 2The hard work / hard-working The hard work / hard-working then achieve the success. then achieve the success. 改为1：Hard work then enables / helps us to achieve the success. 改为2: We are bound to succeed through hard work. 例例3 3Happy mind leads a long life.Happy mind leads a long life. 改为: With happy mind happy mind seniors willseniors will lead a long life. lead a long life. 4 4根据中文逐字硬译根据中文逐字硬译 例例1: 1: make us more perfectmake us more perfect 改为：improve ourselves / make us improve ourselves / make us perfect / perfect ourselvesperfect / perfect ourselves 例例2 2If someones family situation is If someones family situation is not well, he can apply for scholarship. not well, he can apply for scholarship. 改为：改为：If ones family is not well off, If ones family is not well off, he can apply for scholarship.he can apply for scholarship. 例例3 3 keep a good body health keep a good body health 改为：改为： keep fit / healthykeep fit / healthy 例例4 4 Dormitory was happened to Dormitory was happened to a fire. a fire. 改为：改为： A fire happened / broke out A fire happened / broke out in a dormitory. in a dormitory. 例例5 5 Students should hard to learn Students should hard to learn knowledge. knowledge. 改为改为1 1： Students should Students should study the new study the new knowledge diligently unceasinglyknowledge diligently unceasingly. 改为改为2 2： Students should study hard study hard andand learn a lot of knowledge. learn a lot of knowledge. 改为改为3 3： Students should strive to learn knowledge. 例例6 6 Students will take more times to Students will take more times to study or not play. study or not play. 改为改为1 1： Students will take more Students will take more timetime to to study study rather thanrather than play. play. 改为改为2 2： Students will take more Students will take more timetime to to study study instead of playinginstead of playing. . 改为改为3 3： Students will Students will spendspend more time more time studying instead of playingstudying instead of playing. . 例例7 7 I want in the summer vacationI want in the summer vacation concurrent job computer concurrent job computer marketing work. marketing work. 改为改为: : I want to I want to apply for / look for/ huntapply for / look for/ hunt for for a concurrent / part-time job a concurrent / part-time job concerningconcerning computer marketing computer marketing in the summer vacation. in the summer vacation. 例例8 8 Now I attend the university firstNow I attend the university first grade in the college education grade in the college education scientific institute. scientific institute. 改为改为: : Now I am Now I am a freshmana freshman in in College / College / School of Education ScienceSchool of Education Science / Education and Science Institute . . 例例9 9AlthoughAlthough I do not have the I do not have the related computer marketing related computer marketing work experience, work experience, but but I believeI believe that I that I maymay be competent this work. be competent this work. 改为改为: : Although I do not have the work Although I do not have the work experienceexperience related to / concerningrelated to / concerning computer marketing, I believe that I computer marketing, I believe that I will be competent forwill be competent for this work. this work. 例例1010Later we must even more pay Later we must even more pay attention to use electricity the security. attention to use electricity the security. 改为改为: : From now onFrom now on we must more pay we must more pay attention to attention to electricity safetyelectricity safety . . 5. 5. 名词可数与不可数的误用名词可数与不可数的误用 例例1:1: Too much tests are disadvantage Too much tests are disadvantage for students study. for students study. 改为：改为：Too many tests are Too many tests are disadvantageous to students.disadvantageous to students. 例例2:2: In modern society, people are In modern society, people are under various pressures.under various pressures. 改为：改为：In modern society, people are In modern society, people are under various kinds of pressure.under various kinds of pressure. 6. 6.介词介词toto和不定式符号的混淆和不定式符号的混淆 例例1:1:Too Too many tests will do harm to many tests will do harm to cultivate our independent thinking. cultivate our independent thinking. 改为：改为：Too many tests will do harm to Too many tests will do harm to the cultivation of our independent the cultivation of our independent thinking.thinking. 例例2:2: All these contributed to solve the All these contributed to solve the serious problem. serious problem. 改为：改为：All these contributed to the All these contributed to the solution to the serious problem.solution to the serious problem. 7 7 . .动宾搭配不当动宾搭配不当 例例1:1: We must pay attention to it and We must pay attention to it and make solutions of the problem. make solutions of the problem. 改为：改为：We must pay attention andWe must pay attention and find / figure out/work outfind / figure out/work out a solution a solution toto the problem. the problem. 例例2:2: It also may help you to make It also may help you to make success. success. 改为：改为：It may also help you It may also help you succeedsucceed /obtain your goal./obtain your goal. 例例3:3: A strong will means never give A strong will means never give up.up. 改为：改为： A strong will means never A strong will means never givinggiving up. up. 8 8词组搭配错误词组搭配错误。 例例1 1The public service advertisement The public service advertisement is to call saving water to keep the is to call saving water to keep the environment in balance. environment in balance. 改为1:The public service advertisement The public service advertisement is to call on the public tois to call on the public to save save water to water to keep the ecological balancekeep the ecological balance / improve earth environment . 改为2:The public service advertisement The public service advertisement is to appeal to the public tois to appeal to the public to save save water to water to keep the ecological balancekeep the ecological balance / improve earth environment . 例例2 2Children are supposed to provide Children are supposed to provide the seniors money, especially love and the seniors money, especially love and warm.warm. 改为1: Children are supposed to provide Children are supposed to provide the seniors the seniors withwith money, especially love money, especially love and and warmth / carewarmth / care. . 改为2: Children are supposed to provide Children are supposed to provide money, especially love and money, especially love and warmthwarmth for the seniorsfor the seniors. . 例例3 3The government should take The government should take actions to concern our seniors.actions to concern our seniors. 改为1:The government should take The government should take actions to actions to be concerned aboutbe concerned about our seniors. our seniors. 改为2: The government should take The government should take actions to actions to show concern aboutshow concern about our our seniors.seniors. 改为3: The government should take The government should take actions to actions to care about / forcare about / for our seniors. our seniors. 例例4 4They should spent more time to They should spent more time to talk with them and encourage them to talk with them and encourage them to join some cultural activities.join some cultural activities. 改为: They should They should spendspend more time more time talkingtalking with them , with them , encouraging encouraging them to them to participate inparticipate in some cultural activities. some cultural activities. 例例5 5There are various of scholarship There are various of scholarship for us to apply for.for us to apply for. 改为1: There are There are various various scholarshipscholarships s for us to apply for. for us to apply for. 改为2: There are There are a variety ofa variety of scholarship scholarships s for us to apply for.for us to apply for. 改为3: Various scholarships scholarships areare available for available for students. students. 例例6 6It It s believed that scholarship can s believed that scholarship can help students improve their study and help students improve their study and increase teaching quality.increase teaching quality. 改为: Its believed that scholarshipIts believed that scholarships s can can help to help to improve students study and improve students study and teaching qualityteaching quality. . 例例7 7Scholarship can inspire the Scholarship can inspire the students study more hard / hardly. students study more hard / hardly. 改为: ScholarshipScholarships s can can inspire / inspire / encourage/stimulate/motivate encourage/stimulate/motivate the students the students toto study harder. study harder. 9 9综合性语言错误综合性语言错误: : 有诸如时态，语有诸如时态，语 态，标点符号，大小写等方面的错误态，标点符号，大小写等方面的错误 。 例例1 1Take care of the seniors is the Take care of the seniors is the societysociety s moral as well as our duty.s moral as well as our duty. 改为： TakingTaking care of the seniors is the care of the seniors is the societys moral as well as our duty.societys moral as well as our duty. 例例2 2The fire was so terrible that I be The fire was so terrible that I be afraid to saw it.afraid to saw it. 改为：改为： The fire was so terrible that The fire was so terrible that I I was terrified / horrified was terrified / horrified /shocked / frightened to /shocked / frightened to seesee it. it. 使文章富有表现力的手段：使文章富有表现力的手段： 1、使用有难度的词汇； 2、使用形容词修饰名词，用副词修饰 动词或整个句子； 3、使用被动语态； 4、使用倒装句；(not only. but also.； only.) 5、尽可能地使用名词，而不是习惯中 的动词和形容词。 写作的基本句式写作的基本句式 There be +主语+定语+状语. 1. There must be (a variety of) reasons for this. 2. There is no point in talking about it about again. (sense/use/good) 3.There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem. 4. There remains nothing (more) (to be done). 5. There is a great change (produced in the worlds communications). 6. There is something (you dont know). 7. There are about 78% of the college students (wanting to further their study after their graduation). 名词化结构 1名词从句转换成名词短语 That the women actively participate in public life causes the change of their role in the society. The womens active participation in public life - 2. 表语从句转换成名词短语 One of the positive effects of physical exercise is that it contributes directly to a persons physical health. -is its direct contribution to a persons physical health. 3由of 连接含有by 的名词短语 That James Watt invented the steam engine started the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century. The invention of the steam engine by James Watt 4. 被动结构转换成名词 It has been suggested that we should spare no effort 不遗余力to beautify our environment. A suggestion has been made that- 5. 副词与动词一起转换成名词短语 The computer is chiefly characterized by accuracy and quick computation.计算 The chief characteristic of the computer is - 6.介词短语与动词一起转换成名词短语 The professor