2015高考英语语法新题型填空考点分析与真题演练doc.doc

2015高考英语语法考点分析与真题演练 一、冠词：一、考点分析冠词在广东四年新高考中考了三年，可见冠词是一个常考点。主要考点有：1、 定冠词the表示特指。（2010年广东卷）A young man, while travelling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water. _ 31_ water was sweet. (the)【解析】特指前面提到的clear water。【总结】1、_ + 名词（单数或复数、可数或不可数）（表特指） 2、_ +（定语）+ 名词 + of等介词短语（表特指） 3、_ +（定语）+ 名词 + 定语从句（表特指） 4、_ +（定语）+ 名词 + 不定式短语或分词短语（表特指）2、 不定冠词a/an泛指“一个（次，本，座，）”。（2009年广东卷）Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not 33_ pleasant experience: people stepped on your feet or pushed you with their elbows(肘部), hurrying ahead to get to a bargain. (a)【解析】意思是“一次”愉快的经历。表示“一次”，用不定冠词，又因pleasant以辅音开头，故填a。（2007年广东卷）the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to _ 35_ small town some 20 kilometres away where there was a garage. (a)【解析】意思是将车拉到离那里大约有20公里远的“一个小镇”。表示“一个”，用不定冠词。【总结】1、_ + 可数名词单数 （表泛指） 2、_ + adj + 可数名词单数 （表泛指）二、真题演练：请用适当的词填空。1. First impression are the most lasting. After all, you never get _ second chance to make _ first impression. (2010北京卷)2. Its _ good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that given them pleasure. (2010福建卷) 3. The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that people from all walks of life are working hard for _ new Jiangsu. (2010江苏卷)4. There are over 58,000 rocky objects in space, about 900 of which could fall down onto _ earth. (2010辽宁卷)5. If we sit near _ front of the bus, well have _ better view. (2010山东卷)6. Everything comes with _ price; there is no such thing as free lunch in the world. (2010重庆卷) 7. In most countries, a university degree can give you _ flying start in life. (2010四川卷)8. It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park. It was _ three-hour journey. (2010上海卷) 【It was _ eight-hour journey.】9. We can never expect _ bluer sky unless we create _ less polluted world. (2009安徽卷)10. This area experienced _ heaviest rainfall in _ month of May. (2009辽宁卷)(Key: 1. a; the 2. a 3. a 4. the 5. the; a 6. a 7. a 8. a 9. a; a 10. the; the ) 二、It的用法与强调结构: 一、考点分析 在最近三年的高考中,每年都考查了it的用法。考点为：1、替代前文已提到的内容。（2010年广东卷）Apparently, it was no longer fresh because of the old leather. He asked his teacher, “Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like 38 ?” (it)解析 指前面提到的“水（the water）”。（2008年广东卷）It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty(960-1279) was very anxious to help his rice crop grow up quickly. He was thinking about 34 day and night. But the crop was growing much slower than he expected. (it)解析 代替前文中的(how) to help his crop grow up quickly。2、作形式主语或形式宾语。(2009年广东卷) Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult _ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. (it)解析 在宾语从句中作形式主语，真正的主语是to choose。此外，谈到it的用法，我们自然会想到含it的强调结构，尽管在这四年广东高考中尚未考查到，但我们不可忽视，这是一个重要的潜在考点。【总结】（1）根据本句句意和空格前一句的内容及其两句间的逻辑关系，判断空格处是不是需要填代替前文某个内容的代词it。（2）根据句式判断是不是填作形式主语或形式宾语的it。如：1) it is adj /n + to do / doing / that(eg: 1) It is important to learn English well. 2) 我们学好英语很重要。It is important for us to learn English well. / It is important that we learn English well. 3) It is our duty to help others 4) It is no use crying over the spilt milk. 5) 【2009年广东】2) find /feel /think /consider it + adj /n + to do / doing / that(eg: 1) We find it important to learn English well. 2) We find it important that we learn English well. 3) We find it our duty to help others 4) We find it no use crying over the spilt milk.)3）It is/was said /reported /believed that(3) 强调句：It is/was +被强调内容 + that +句子其他成分。二、真题演练：请用适当的词或所给词的适当形式填空。1. The fact that she was foreign made _ difficult for her to get a job in that country. (2010辽宁卷)2. The doctor thought _ would be good for you to have a holiday. (2010全国卷)3. I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I dont have enough money to buy _. (2009四川卷)4. It is often _(say) that human beings are naturally equipped to speak. (2009全国II)5. It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village _ the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. (2010安徽卷)6. Johns success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work _ has made him what he is today. (2010湖南卷)7. _ was not until he came back from Africa that year that he met the girl he would like to marry. (2009江西卷)8. - Ive read another book this week. - Well, maybe _ is not how much you read but what you read that counts. (2009浙江卷) (Key: 1. it 2. it 3. it 4. said 5. that 6. that 7. It 8. it ) 三、代词：一、考点分析代词在广东四年新高考中，年年都考，四年考了五个小题，可见这是必考点，我们复习备考时必须给予重视。近四年来的考点有：1、不定代词。（2010年广东卷）After the student left, the teacher let _36_ student taste the water. (another)【解析】在给老师送水的这个学生离开后，应是给他的“另一个”学生尝一尝，泛指若干个中的“另一个”，用another。（2007年广东卷）I had noticed three hens running free in my hostesss courtyard and that night one of them ended up in a dish on my table. _37_ villagers brought me goats cheese and honey. (Others/Some)【解析】拿goats cheese and honey来给我的应是“其他的”村民或者“有一些”村民。2、人称代词。（2009广东卷）She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please _38_. (him)【解析】她给父亲买礼物，根据常识其目的应是“使她的父亲高兴(please her father)”，替代her father，在句中作宾语，用人称代词的宾格，故填him。（2007年广东卷）When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused _40_. (her)【解析】因（that）I had caused是定语从句，先行词是trouble，代表先行词trouble的关系代词that在从句中作宾语，被省略了；由搭配cause sb. trouble(给某人造成麻烦)可知，填her，指代the old woman。3、物主代词。（2008年广东卷）It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960 1279) was very anxious to help _40_ rice crop grow up quickly. (his)【解析】由文中的his crop, the crop等可知，名词crop前填限定词；这个急性子人当然是急于使“他的”禾苗长得快，故填his。 此外，反身代词，替代词that、one，表示两者或多者的代词all、both、either、neither，复合不定代词something、nothing等在广东高考中虽然还没有考查到，但我们在复习高考中仍需重视。【总结】因句子的主语或宾语主要由名词、代词、动名词或不定式等充当，而名词、动名词或不定式等实词通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查，所以纯空格所填词在句中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括人称代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词（不能作主语）等。在名词前作定语就只能用形容词性物主代词。二、真题演练：请用适当的词填空。1. The cost of renting a house in central Xian is higher that _ in any other area of the city. (2010陕西卷)2. You are a team star! Working with _ is really your cup of tea. (2010安徽卷)3. When you introduce me to Mr. Johnson, could you please say _ for me? (2010福建卷)4. Swimming is my favorite sport. There is _ like swimming as a means of keeping fit. (2010江西卷)5. Ill spend half of my holiday practicing English and the _ half learning drawing. (2010全国卷)6. Neither side is prepared to talk to the _ unless we can smooth thing over between them. (2010全国卷II)7. Helping others is a habit, _ you can learn even at an early age. (2010山东卷)8. _ in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum. (2010天津卷)9. _ thats important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction. (2010浙江卷)10. He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found _ of them again. (2010重庆卷)11. On my desk is a photo that my father took of _ when I was a baby. (2010四川卷)12. If our parents do everything for us children, we wont learn to depend on _. (2010上海卷)13. -Wow! Youve got so many clothes. -But _ of them are in fashion now. (2009上海卷)14. One of the most important questions they had to consider was _ of public health. (2009全国II)15. I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided this morning I couldnt face _ day like that. (2009山东卷)16. Jane was asked a lot of questions, but she didnt answer _ of them. (2009陕西卷)(Key: 1. that 2. others 3. something 4. nothing 5. other 6. other 7. one 8. Nothing 9. All 10. either 11. me 12. ourselves 13. none 14. that 15. another 16. any ) 四、介词：一、考点分析在广东四年新高考中，共考了7个小题，是一个必考点，且在语法项目中所占比例最重。主要考点有：1、 常用的简单介词。（2010年广东卷）The young man went home _ a happy heart. (with)【解析】表示“带着”愉快的心情，此介词短语做状语，修饰谓语went home.（2008年广东卷）Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese peoples daily life. _ these proverbs there are often interesting stories. (Behind/In)【解析】指“在这些成语的背后”或“在这些成语里”常常会有一些有趣的故事，表示“在的背后”，用介词behind；表示“在里”，用in。（2008年广东卷）He was very tired _ doing this for a whole day, (after/from)【解析】因“他感到很累”应是“在他做了一整天事之后，”表示“在之后”，用介词after；另外be tired from doing是固定短语，表示“因做某事而累”，所以也可填from。（2007年广东卷）I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honour of receiving me _ a guest in their house. (as)【解析】意思是“把我当作客人”来接待，表示“当作，作为”，用介词as。2、 固定短语或句式搭配中的介词。（2009年广东卷）Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes _37_ sale. (on)【解析】固定搭配 on sale，表示“出售”。（2009年广东卷）When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already _39_ table having supper. (at) 【解析】名词（table）在句中不作主语，也不作动词的宾语，很可能就是作介词的宾语；由having supper可知，填at；因为at table表示“在餐桌边，在进餐”，也是习惯搭配。（2007年广东卷）When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman _39_ the trouble I had caused her. (for)【解析】表示“因而酬谢/报答某人”是reward sb for sht，类似的表达还有thank sb for sth; praise sb for sth：因表扬某人；punish sb for sth：因惩罚某人等【总结】当“_ + （限定词）+ 名词”或“_ + 代词”在句中不充当主语或宾语时，该空格通常应填介词。此外，填介词时，除了考虑与其后名词的搭配外，也要考虑与前面的动词、形容词的搭配。二、真题演练：请用适当的词填空。1. Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are _ everyones enjoyment. (2010北京卷)2. We give dogs time, space and love we can spare, and _ return, dogs give us their all. (2010江西卷) 3. I agree to his suggestion _ the condition that he drops all charges.4. My father warned me _ going to the West Coast because it was crowed with tourists. (2010天津卷)5. The dictionary is what I want, but I dont have enough money _ me. (2010重庆卷)6. Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back _ a big tree. (2010四川卷)7. Sean has formed the habit of jogging _ the tree-lined avenue for two hours every days. (2010上海卷)8. - How amazing it is that astronauts are exploring outer space! - Its a challenge, I guess, _ man against nature. (2009福建卷)9. The art show was far _ being a failure; it was a great success. (2009天津卷)10. Most Americans would prefer to keep their problems _ themselves, and solve their problems _ themselves. (2009湖南卷)11. A great person is always putting others interests _ his own. (2009四川卷)12. Everybody was touched _ words after they heard her moving story. (2009全国卷)13. The wine industry in the area has developed in a special way, _ little foreign ownership. (2009北京卷)14. It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot _ easy reach. (2009山东卷)15. He invited me to a dance after the show _ Christmas Eve. (2009陕西卷)16. Try on this red skirt; you will look great _ it. (2009重庆卷)17. Children need friends _ their own age to play with. (2009辽宁卷)(Key: 1. for 2. in 3. on 4. against 5. with 6. against 7. along 8. of 9. from 10. to; by 11. above 12. beyond 13. with 14. within 15. on 16. in 17. of ) 五、形容词与副词：一、考点分析在广东新高考中，有三年考查了形容词和副词的用法，是一个常考点。主要考查了：1、形容词的句法作用。形容词在句中主要作主语、表语和宾语补足语。（2008年广东卷）This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their 39 (nature) course. (natural)【解析】在名词course前作定语，用形容词。2、副词的句法作用。副词在句中修饰动词、形容词或另一副词，作状语。（2010年广东卷）His teacher took a deep drink, smiled 34 (warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. (warmly)【解析】修饰动词smiled，作状语，用副词形式。（2007年广东卷）We drank together and talked 38 (merry) till far into the night. (merrily)【解析】修饰动词talked作状语，应用副词merrily。3、 形容词和副词的比较等级。(2010年广东卷) The teacher replied, “You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be 39 (sweet).” (sweeter) 【解析】意思是“什么也不会比这更甜”即“这是世界上最甜的东西”。（2008年广东卷）He was very tired 37 after doing this for a whole day, yet he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” 38 (high). (higher)【解析】指比他pick up a few inches之前“长”得“更高”了，这是省略了than before的隐性比较级。【解题技巧】：一般说来,有表示范围的in /of介词短语,一般要用最高级;than的前面一定要用比较级,但在特定语境中,“than+比较对象”和在最后级中表示比较范围的of /in短语常常被省略，此时我们要注意辨别这种隐性的比较级和最高级。 二、真题演练：请用所给词的适当形式填空。1. In this lecture, I can only give you a purely _(person) view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future. (2010湖北卷)2. Computers and mobile phones, though they are indeed making our life _(ease) and more _(efficiency), have reduced the need for face-to-face conversations. (2010江西卷)3. -Volunteering is becoming _(increase) popular in China. -Yeah, people are now aware that helping others is helping themselves. (2010福建卷)4. The island is _(equal) attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.5. Do you think shopping online will _(final) take the place of shopping in stores? (2010浙江卷)6. Mr Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been _ popular.7. Frank put the medicine in the top drawer to make sure it would not be _(access) to the kids. (2009江西卷)8. -Do you think its a good idea to make friends with your students? -_(actual), I do. I think its a great idea. (2009安徽卷)9. The children loved their day trip, and they enjoyed the house ride _(much). (2009全国II)10. John is very _(rely)if he promises to do something hell do it. (2009浙江卷)(Key: 1. personal 2. easier; efficient 3. increasingly 4. equally 5. finally 6. more 7. accessible 8. Actually 9. most 10. reliable) 六、动词的时态语态：一、考点分析谓语动词的时态语态在广东高考中是每年必考点，我们必须重视。虽然考试说明中列了十种时态，但常考的只是一般现在时和一般过去时。请看近四年的高考英语广东卷：1、 一般现在时。（主动：do/does；波动：is/am/are done）（2008年广东卷）Being too anxious to help an event develop often 40 (result) in the contrary to our intention. (results)【解析】句中Being too anxious to help an event develop是动名词短语作主语，result应是谓语动词，应当考虑的是它的时态；“急于求成，往往会事与愿违”是客观真理，应当用一般现在时；动名词作主语，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填results。2、一般过去时。（主动：did；波动：was/were done）(2010年广东卷)After a four-day journey, the young man 33 (present) the water to the old man. (presented)【解析】句中the young man是主语，其后的present应是谓语动词，由语境可知，用一般过去时。（2009年广东卷）people stepped on your feet or 34 (push) you with their elbows（肘部）,hurrying ahead to get to a bargain. (pushed)【解析】与stepped并列，也用一般过去时。（2009年广东卷）Her mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane 40 (inform). (was informed)【解析】Jane是主语，其后的inform应是谓语动词；因Jane与inform是波动关系，又是一般过去时，故用一般过去时的被动语态。3、固定句式中的时态。（2007年广东卷）I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting when my car 31 (break) down near a remote village. (broke)【解析】在when后面的句子中，my car是主语，break应为谓语动词；由全文可知这是叙述过去的经历，用一般过去时；再说was/were doingwhendid是一个固定句型，when后面的句子的谓语用一般过去时，表示“正在做某事，就在这个时候发生了另一事”。【总结】如果一个句子没有谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但所填的动词与之是并列关系时，就是填谓语动词，这时就要根据语境考虑语态和时态。二、真题演练：请用所给词的适当形式填空。1. -Is everyone here? -Not yet. Look, there _(come) the rest of our guests! (2010江苏卷)2. Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _(wear) evening dress. (2010全国卷II)3. Every few years, the coal workers _(have) their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health. (2010上海卷)4. The church tower which _(restore) will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished. (2010上海卷)5. The book has been translated into thirty languages since it _(come) on the market in 1973. (2010重庆卷) 6. When you are home, give a call to let me know you _(arrive) safely. (2010全国卷I) 7. Up to now, the program _(save) thousands of children who would otherwise have died. (2010山东卷)8. For many years, people _(dream) of electric cars. However, making them has been more difficult than predicted. (2010浙江卷)9. -When shall we restart our business? -Not until we _(finish) our plan. (2010四川卷)10. -Im not finished with my dinner yet. -But our friends _(wait) for us. (2010北京卷)11. I walked slowly through the market, where people _(sell) all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed. (2010湖南卷)12. -Were you surprised by the ending of the film? -No, I _(read) the book, so I already knew the story. （2010安徽卷）13. It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they _(do) for me. (2010北京卷)14. I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone _(do) it. Was it you? (2010湖南卷)15. Im tired out. I _(shop) all afternoon and I dont seem to have finished anything. (2010湖南卷)16. I have to see the doctor because I _(cough) a lot lately. 17. This coastal area _(name) a national wildlife reserve last year. (2010湖南卷)18. Linda, make sure the tables _(set) before the guest arrive. (2010全国卷)19. The palace caught fires three time in the last century, and little of the original building _(remain) now. (2010重庆卷)20. Youve failed to do well what you _(expect) to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you. （2010四川卷）(Key: 1. come 2. wears 3. have 4. is being restored 5. came 6. have arrived 7. has saved 8. have dreamed 9. have finished 10. are waiting 11. were selling 12. had read 13. had done 14. had done 15. have been shopping 16. have been coughing 17. was named 18. are set 19. remains 20. were expected.) 七、动词的非谓语：一、考点分析 非谓语动词在语法填空中，每年必考，且每年一个小题，但四年来，只涉及到非谓语动词的两种用法。1、作状语。（2010年广东卷）He spit it out, 34 (say) it was awful. (saying)【解析】因句中已有谓语spit，此处又没有连词，say不是并列谓语，而是非谓语动词；又因he与say是主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。（2009年广东卷）She wished that he was as easy 32 (please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume. (to please) 【解析】句中已有谓语was easy, please应为非谓语动词；应在形容词后作状语，只能