初中英语宾语从句.ppt

语法专项 -宾语从句 一、宾语从句的概念 宾语从句即句子作宾语，而不再是一个词或短语 作宾语。 I like my teacher.（名词作宾语) I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语） I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语） I know him .（代词作宾语） I know Mr Li teaches English. (句子作宾语） She asked if the answer was right. (句子作宾语） 二、宾语从句三要素 连 接 词 时 态 语 序 （一）连接词 1.that引导 2.whether/if引导 3.连接代词 who whom whose what which 4. 连接副词when why where how。 注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分， 在口语当中往往省略 e.g. 1. I hear (that) _. （一小时后他会回来） 2. He said (that) _. （他非常想念我们） 3. The teacher told us (that) _. （地球围着太阳转） he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves around the sun 一、由that引导的宾语从句 二、由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句 e.g. 1. I want to know _. （他是否跟我们一起去公园） 2. Ask him _. （他是否能来） 3. I dont know _.（是否要下雨） if (whether) he will go to the park with us whether (if) he can come whether it is going to rain or not If 与whether 的区别 1. I dont know _ or not he will come. 2. I dont care of _ he is handsome. 3. He wondered _ to stay here the next week. 4. _ he will come is not decided. 5. 作discuss 等动词的宾语时，要用whether引导。 We have discussed whether we should close the shop. 与or not 连用只能用whether.但 or not置于句末时可用if 介词后只能用whether 与to do 不定式连用只能用whether 引起主语、表语、同位语从句只能用whether 三、由连接代词what, whom, whose, which, what及连接 副词 when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句 when well have a meeting where he is how I can get to the station why the train is late who could answer the question whose handwriting was the best in the class 1. He asked _. (谁能回答这个问题） 2. Do you know_. （他们在等谁） 3. He asked _. （谁的书法是班上最好的） 6. Please tell me _. （我们什么时候开会） 7. Can you tell me _. （他在哪儿） 8. Could you tell me _. （我该怎么去车站 ） 9. Would you tell me _（为什么火车迟到了） whom they are waiting for （二）语序：陈述句语序 即：陈述句结构（主+谓+其他成分） 练习：将下列句子改成陈述句语序 ： whom should I invite? why do I feel tired in class? which club shall I join next term? whom I should invite . Why I feel tired in class . Which club I shall join next term . n（三）时态(时态一致性） n1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从 句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是 _时态。 I dont think (that) you are right. Please tell us where well go fishing tomorrow. nDo you know when Mr. Smith moved here? 任 何 n2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相 应的_时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如： nHe told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992. nHe said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. 过去 宾语从句三要素 引导词 that（陈述句 ） ifwhether（一般疑问句 ） 特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句 ) 时态 主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态 主句为一般过去时 从句 一般过去时 过去将来时 过去进行时 过去完成时 语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序 客观真理 自然现象 公式定理 名言警句 时态不变 本课小结 Do you know _? A. where does she live B. she lives where C. where she lives D. where she live 2. His parents wanted to know what he _at that time. A. is doing B. was doing C. has done D. will do C B 巩固练习： I从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空 。 4Lilys mother looked for her for half an hour, but could not find _? A.what Lily was B. what was Lily C. where Lily was D. where was Lily C 3.We dont know _. - It is said that he was born in Canada. A.what he is B. when he was born C. where he comes from D. if he lives here C 5 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take 6 Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels D. had travelled A C n7. Could you please tell me _ he will come here tomorrow? n A. if B. weather C. what D. which n A 8. Could you tell me _? A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing C II.改错： 1.Miss Zhang asked me why was I late for school. _ Miss Zhang asked me why I was late for school. 2.Father told me the sun always rose in the east. _ Father told me the sun always rises in the east. 3.He doesnt know that when she can come back. _ He doesnt know when she can come back. 宾语从句专项练习 n1 时态一致性 n( ) 1 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take ( ) 2 Catherine said that she _ to Guangzhou. A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been ( ) 3 The students want to know whether they_ dictation today. A. had B. has . C. will have D. are ( ) 4 She asked Linda if_ go and get some. A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may ( ) 5 Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled A D C B C 宾语从句专项练习 n2连接词角度 n( ) 1 Can you tell me_ you were born, Betty? A. who B. what C. when D. that ( ) 2 I dont know _ they have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when D. where ( ) 3 I hardly understand._ he has told me. A. that B. what C. which D. who ( ) 4 She didnt know_ back soon. A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be ( ) 5 I dont know _ he still lives here after so many years. A. whether B where C. what D.when ( ) 6 Do you know _ they listened to yesterday evening? A. what B when C why D how ( ) 7 He asked me _told me the accident. A whom B which C who D whose A C B B A A C 宾语从句专项练习 n3陈述句语序角度 n( ) 1.They dont know _their parents are. A that B what C why D which ( ) 2.Please tell me _ last year. A.where does your sister work B where did your sister work C where your sister works D where your sister worked ( ) 3.She asked me if I knew _. A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it ( ) 4. You must remember _. A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say C. your mother said what D. what has your mother said ( ) 5 Did you kn