大学英语四级考试翻译技巧.ppt

大学英语四级翻译 解题技巧 一一 考试形式考试形式 二二 考核重点考核重点 三三: : 答题步骤答题步骤 一考试形式 1. 考试时间：5 分钟 2. 分值：5% 3. 由原来英译汉变为汉译英：06年6月 4.名为翻译，实为补全句子 二.考点分析 1. 核心语法（动名词，定语从句，状语 从句（最常考），虚拟语气） 2. 重点单词 3. 固定搭配 一语法结构（grammar） 考了九道，非常重要。考察的语法点：动名词、虚拟 语气、倒装、状语从句（最常考）、定语从句。 1动名词 （gerund ） 87. Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble (找到去历史博物馆的路 )_ (2006. 6 ) finding the way to the history museum 强化练习：有些动词或动词词组后需接动名词。 注意：也可能会考不定式（infinitive）。 2虚拟语气（subjunctive mood） 89. The victim _（本来会有机会活下来） if he had been taken to hospital in time. （2006. 12 ） would have had a chance to survive/of survival 考察知识点：虚拟语气与过去相反的虚拟语气，从 句用had done，主句用would have done 有机会做某事：have a chance to do sth. 88. If she had returned an hour earlier , Mary _ (就不会被大雨淋湿了). wouldnt have been caught in the heavy rain. 3倒装 （inversion） Not only_ （他向我收费过高）, but he didnt do a good repair job either. did he overcharge me 考点：Not only 引起的部分倒装 （助动词提前） 正常结构：He not only overcharged me, but he didnt do a good repair job either. 总结：neither, nor 和so 位于句首的句子的倒装 only +状语或状语从句位于句首的句子的倒装 否定词位于句首的句子的倒装 EG: Only on one occasion have I ever felt frightened. 4状语从句（adverbial clauses）重要考点。 1） 目的状语 （adverbial clauses of purpose）：一道。 88. In order to_ (挣钱支付我的学费), Mother often takes on more work than is good for her.（2006. 6） make money to support my schooling 【考点剖析】对于“为了挣钱供我上学“的表达，我们 可以说To earn money for my education; To earn money for my schooling ; In order to make money to finance my education ; In order to make money to fund my education ; In order to earn money to afford my education等。 2) 让步状语 (adverbial clauses of concession) 91. Though a skilled worker, _(他被公司解 雇了) last week because of the economic crisis.（2006. 6） he was fired by the company 可以表示解雇的有dismiss, discharge, fire等 强化例句：不管你有多忙, he always insists on coming with you. No matter how busy you are 3） 时间状语 （adverbial clauses of time） 90. Some psychologists claim that people （出门在外时可能会 感到孤独）（2006. 12 ） may feel lonely when theyre away from home. 4） 条件状语 （adverbial clauses of condition） 91. Please come here at ten tomorrow morning 如果你方 便的话（2007. 6.） if its convenient for you. / at your convenience 强化例句：If you receive a request like this, you cannot fail to obey it! 5） 比较状语 （adverbial clauses of comparison or comparative constructions ） 88. Since my childhood I have found that （没有什么比读书 对我更有吸引力 to me, nothing is more interesting than reading. 5定语从句 （attributive clauses） 88. The prevention and treatment of AIDS is_（我们可以 合作 的领域 ） （2007.6） the field where/ in which we can cooperate. 87. Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems _(他们至今还没有答案) that they havent found answers to so far. 6.主语从句 90. _ (很多人所没有意识到的) is that Simon is a lover of sports. and football in particular. What many people havent realized 90. _ (大多数父母所关心的) is providing the best education for their children. What most parents are concerned about 二重点单词 （key words） 89. The professor required that (我们交研究报告) by Wednesday.（2006. 6 ） we (should) hand in the research report 强化例句：He suggested that a double railway tunnel should be built. 87. Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to (调整使自己 适应另一种不同的文化)(2006.12 ) adapt oneself to a different cultures. 强化例句：I am used to traveling by air. 87. The finding of this study failed to consider (将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内 ) (2007. 6 ) the quality of humans sleep. 87. (多亏了一系列的新发明), doctors can treat this disease successfully. (07.12) Owing to (或 Thanks to) a series of new inventions 89. Because of the leg injury, the athlete (决 定退出比赛) (2007. 6 ) decided/determined to quit the match 90. To make donations or for more information, please contact us (按以下地址和 我们联系) (2007. 6 ) at the following address 91. Please come here at ten tomorrow morning. (如果你方便的话) at your convenience 三固定搭配 (set structures) 91. The nations population continues to rise (以每年1200万人的速度). (2006. 12 ) at a rate of 12 million per year 强化例句：It now comes straight towards them (以惊人的速度). at tremendous speed 87. The finding of this study failed to (将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内 ) (2007. 6 ) take account of the quality of humans sleep . 88. It is said that those who are stressed or working overtime are _(更有可能增加体重). more likely to put on/gain weight. 答题步骤 第一步：首先快速浏览句子，先看英语不看汉语，从而判断 划线处所填句子的形式、时态。 所谓形式包括：1.词组固定搭配(不定式短语、分词短语、动 名词、句子等); 2.虚拟;3.被动； 所谓时态是指：根据前后已经给出的英语句子判断所填英语 句子的时态。 第二步：看括号里面的汉语句子，以核心谓语动词为切入点 ，找准主谓宾、分清定状补。 第三步：先翻译主谓宾、后翻译定状补，切块对应翻译，重 新组合。 翻译时要分析句型，看应用何种句型或结构、注意固定搭配 、词语搭配、动词的形式、动词时态语态、名词的可数与不 可数及其单复数、语序等，保持句子的完整。 五条冲刺备考建议： 1.在进行翻译练习时，尽量力求翻译答案多样化，以便扩展 思维，开阔思路，掌握重点核心表达。 2. 绝对不能忽视以前词汇语法的单项选择题，尽量在以前的 词汇题中挖掘新四级翻译考点. 3. 多背搭配，同时利用经典搭配多造句子，完善语法结构。 同时可以提高自己的写作水平，一举两得。 4. 强化重点语法知识。如倒装结构、虚拟语气、比较结构、 定语从句