论维多利亚时期女性的社会地位课题研究论.doc

专业课程：英国文学 外国语学院英语专业学习项目 英语专业：2013级1-4班英国文学阅读与论文写作项目课题研究论文 论文题目：论维多利亚时期女性的社会地位 专业课程： 英国文学 任课教师： 许晓琴博士、教授 专 业： 英 语 班级： 2013级本科 4 班 学号： 1328104016 姓名： 时 敏 完成日期： 2015年12月23日 In this semester, Ive read the book-A Tale of Two Cities, and I was interested in the social status of female in Victorian age, so with the help of my teacher professor xu I did a study on the social status of female in Victorian age, and I did it in there parts.A brief introduction of authorCharles Dickens (Charles John Huffam Dickens)，who is very famous all around the world, was born in the suburbs of Portsmouth on 7 February 1812, and he died in the Gates Heights near Rochester on 9 June 1870.He was an English social critic and novelist,what is more, he was the major representative of the British realistic literature in nineteenth Century. His works are famous for combining the sense of humor on art with the subtle analysis on psychology, the realistic description and the romantic atmosphere. He created many of the most famous fictional characters, and he was considered the greatest novelist of the Victorian age. Further more, his works had an unprecedented reputation in his lifetime, and the critics and the scholars of the twentieth century all considered him as a literary genius. He paid much attention to describe the suffering of the nobodies who lived in the very bottom of society in the UK, which profoundly reflected the complex social realities of UK and made an extraordinary contribution to the exploitation and development of British critical realism literature.His works, which have produced a far-reaching and wide-ranging influence on the development of British literature, are still popular nowadays. Dickens was a writer with many works, and he created numerous classical masterpiece with his diligence and talent. In addition, he was also a great humorist and described the truth in reality and romance with humorous language. Marx regarded him as an outstanding novelist of Britain. Dickens devoted himself to his work and was hard working in all his life. But the burdensome work and his disappointment of the reality of revolution did great harm to his health. In 9 June 1870, he passed away because of cerebral hemorrhage with his detective novel“the mystery of Edwin Drood” unfinished and he was buried in the poets corner of Westminster. And the epitaph declares that he has great sympathy on the people who suffered poverty and misery and oppressed by the governor. His death let the world lose a great British writer. To commemorate Charles Dickens-the great master of literature of the nineteenth century, a theme park which is similar to the Disneyland has been constructed. UK spent heavily on it, and when it was finished, it would be the first large theme park which is on the subject of literature. And the theme park is named Dickens World temporarily. It is located in the suburb areas of the Chatham town in southeast England.Summery It was a moonlit night in December 1775, a young doctor Manette living in Paris was walking by the moonlight, but suddenly the Marquis St. Evrmonde brothers appeared and forced him to do a home visit. In their home, Manette witnessed the miserable scene of a stunning woman was mad and a wounded young man dead with hatred. And he found that the Marquis brothers killed the young mans family in order to get a carnal pleasure. He refused brothers bribe and decided to write a letter to delate them, however, the letter was intercepted by the Marquis brothers and he was imprisoned in the Bastille secretly. Two years later, his wife dead of sadness and his young daughter Lucie Manette was brought to London where his friend lived in. After 18 years, the doctor was released. The insanity old man was took by a wine-shop keeper Defarge who was the doctors former servant. Back at London, his daughter has grown up and was on her way to France to bring the doctor back to London. On their way back to London, they met Charles Darnay who was the son of the Marquis. He took a good care of the doctor and Lucie. Charles Darnay hated the sin of his family, and he gave up the right to inheritance resolutely and the aristocrat surname. He moved to London and became a French teacher, and he had a sincere love for Lucie. In order to ensure that his daughter can have happiness, the doctor decided to let the past go and agree with Darnay and Lucies marriage. In France, Darnays mother and father passed away while his uncle,who still very cruel and supercilious ran over a little boy, was finally killed by the boys father. A revolutionary storm was coming, and the wine-shop of Defarge is the contact place of the revolutionary activities. Finally the revolutionary storm hit French in 1973. The people of Paris captured the Bastille, and killed many nobles. In order to rescue the housekeeper, Darnay decided to come back to France but was arrested as soon as he reached. The moment the doctor and his daughter heard it they rushed to France with their friends and Lucies daughter, and with help of the doctor Darnay was released. But, after a few hours, Darnay was arrested again and even the doctor couldnt rescue him. Finally Darnay was sentenced to death. Right at that moment,the assistant of a lawyer Sydney Carton who loved Lucie secretly came to France. He bribed the prison guard and replaced Darnay. Finally, Lucie, her family and her friends manged to escape from France except Sydney Carton.Study on the social status of female in Victorian ageCharles Dickens is a realistic writer with great reputation, and he tended to create with the nineteenth Century Victorias society as a writing background. He created vivid perfect woman one after another according to the aesthetic and the moral standards of the society. At that time, Victorian women were known as the angels in their homes, the Queens in their gardens Apparently, it seemed that they stayed in their homes all day without doing anything and killed the time like great ladies, as if they had a high social status. But in fact, they were forced to stay home, and there was no freedom for them. They suffered great pressure in spirit, and this long-term mental torment caused many women to lose their minds. They had a low social status and it was becoming lower. The Victorian era is the brilliant era in the history of Britain. In this reform era, the industrialization, democratization and urbanization were basically completed in UK, which contributed to the speed up of the economy. The Industrial Revolution of the eighteenth century is a great social change in the history of UK, which made the UK become an economic superpower in the world quickly. What is more, it provided the men with more chances to work while the middle class women had more free time than before. This kind of forced leisure made them have nothing to do, but to imitate the lifestyle of great ladies to kill time. At the same time, in order to establish and improve their social status, they spent much money in training women to make them be ladylike without hesitation. And it seemed that the bourgeois women were spoiled, but in fact, it meant the decline of their status. They didnt have any income which means they had to rely on men.And at that time, people believed in patriarchy, and women couldnt go to work without the permission of their husband or father, because it would make them lose their face. Furthermore, they couldnt study whatever they want to and they had hardly any chance to go to university, they didnt have the right to vote or to be elected, and the married women didnt allow to have their own property, and all their property belongs to their husbands. In A Tale of Two Cities, to a large degree, Lucie got everyones love and praise and finally she had a happy ending was because she met all the requirements the patriarchy thoughts for women at that time. She was beautiful, chastity, thrift and obedience. To her father, she was