大学英语读写译(2)期末测试题及答案(1).doc

大学英语读写译（二）期末测试题（1）Part I Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (10 points)Directions: For questions 1-7, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO)if statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For question 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. The Web-My Main Source of Information and EducationThe advance of the World Wide Web (Web) on the Internet has made it possible for people to enjoy a better life. We can safely say that the Internet has become part of most peoples daily life in developed countries. The Web gives us excellent sources of information, saves our time, money and it is extremely convenient. As a resource, the World Wide Web (Web) contains huge amounts of information. The Web is extensive, relatively easy to access, and provides virtually unlimited information. An excellent resource to gain knowledge, the Web is leading the “information revolution.” It has made a huge difference in the world, and will continue to do so. When you need current information and you need it now, there are few alternatives.Over the past 12 years I have been involved in technology research. Originally, I obtained software information from printed reference materials and then from CDs. The advent of the Web as a research tool has greatly expanded the availability of information while reducing the amount of time needed on each task.The majority of my time on the Web involves looking up technical computer information, which I use for teaching Microsoft application classes and providing technical advice at work. Outside of work, I really like following all aspects of the financial world, and the Web has turned into a great resource for this hobby.I cant imagine being without it. Although it takes time to examine through the great number of sources, I find that after years of use I can quickly analyze the search results to find the most appropriate site. The amount of information on the Web is staggering, so it is important to remember what it is you are searching for and not get sidetracked.The Web is a wonderful resource when you can judge that the information provided is accurate and true. Like any other resource, the Web has good and not so good information to share. Depending on what you are looking for, you have to judge for yourself how relevant the material is for you. It is important not to believe everything you read and to attempt to stay away from personal sites, and I try to know who is responsible for the site before treating the information as fact. The more you use the Web, the more comfortable you get, and the more likely you are to use it even more. The Web certainly helps save time and allows you to focus resources in doing research and seeking out useful information.Overall, the Web has given me the opportunity to be much more times effective at obtaining data. If I find material but do not have time to read it, I print it out and read it later or on the commuter train. In addition, as I find things of interest, it takes only a few seconds to share that information with my team members and other professional associates. This enhances my networking capability to be in touch with many people with the same interest looking at a particular subject.The Web provides an excellent way to find information fast. It enables users to find research as it is occurring, rather than waiting for it to be published. It also provides a highly collaborative environment in which it is quick and easy to exchange ideas with colleagues.Not long ago we used to go to the library every time we needed information and spent hours searching for the right sources. Today there is “library” in our house and it is available 24 hours a day. From my personal experience, I found that using information online is very helpful. While I am at home, I am still able to connect to the world and search for any educational materials I need. I am able to exchange thoughts, opinions and information with my classmates without leaving my house.The Web is not only a big information provider but also saves us money and time. People are predicting that education will be much cheaper in the future because of Internet access to information. The cost of land, buildings and wages for teachers are continuously increasing and that makes conventional education more expensive than online education. Whats more, regular courses (offline) depend heavily on books and other traditional paper-base materials while online education posts lectures, notes, and assignments electronically and that saves thousands of dollars every year. There is also no need for the classroom itself because most programs online require participation in discussion and group project via e-mail.The Web provides convenient classes and courses because there are no physical restrictions as in conventional education like space and time limitations. First, in classroom based education there is a limitation on the number of students that are allowed in each class while Internet education is available to everyone because a classroom is not a problem there. Students dont have to struggle in order to register for the classes they like. Besides, there is no time limitation so students can repeat exercises as many times as they need.Education will spread out more and more online and students will have more choices on how and when to take their courses and classes. They will easily be able to take the classes they want and repeat material on the Internet as many times as they need. The Web is an excellent way to acquire knowledge quickly and easily, visit company websites, e-mail any questions you might have, research topics, conduct surveys, participate in special interest discussions, and gather information for further analysis without having to be physically present.1. The Web is a good source which is quick, easy to access, and full of useful information. 2. The author looks up computer information and frequently enjoys music and movies on the Web.3. Information on the Web is always easy to judge. 4. When the author is in a hurry he usually prints the information out and reads it later or on the commuter train. 5. In the authors opinion, online education is believed to be more successful than the traditional education. 6. The author clearly believes the Web will put libraries out of business. 7. On the Web the students have more opportunities to choose the way and the time to take their courses and classes. 8. In the authors opinion, the Web is not only a big _, but also a time and money saver.9. The Web is a good source which is extensive, _, and provides almost all useful information.10. Internet education is more convenient because there are fewer restrictions such as _and _.Part II Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth) (40 points)Section A （10 points）Direction: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. Choose one word for each blank from the following words in the blank. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. （Passage A 和Passage B 二者选作其一。）Passage A As it happened, the man was a visiting physics professor from Rome part of the flood of scientists fleeing postwar Europe. Having just arrived, he was given directions to the lab, found it was dirty, and began 47 it up. “He was doing research in cosmic rays. And he was the first one who made me think that maybe I was not all that dumb.”So if an innate gift for science is not 48 , what are the qualities that make a scientist?The first, says Lederman, is “total dedication.” Scientists need “ 49 to being 50 ,” he says. “Youve got to be able to live 51 he low periods, of which there are many. You need a willingness to work hard and be 52 think about what youre doing while youre shaving. Its got to be able to obsess you completely, so that youre not interested in vacations or sleeping or eating or anything. 53 at some point youve got to 54 your head up. But you need to be able to go for three months or 55 with naps on cots and whatever food 56 out of the coin machine.”A. so F. cleaning K. comesB. raise G. through L. narrow-mindedC. Persistently H. single-minded M. essentialD. Naturally I. elementary N. discouragedE. encouraged J. resistance O. liftPassage BThere is 47 creativity to be found in Chinese scientific, technological and 48 innovations past and present. And there is a danger of 49 creative breakthroughs in the West. When any innovation is 50 losely, its reliance on 51 achievements is all too apparent (the standing on the shoulders of giants phenomenon). But 52 that the contrast I have developed is valid, and that the fostering of skills and creativity are both 53 goals, the important question becomes this: Can we gather, from the Chinese and American 54 , a superior way to 55 education, perhaps striking a better balance between the 56 of creativity and basic skills?A. approach F. enormous K. polesB. creativity G. previous L. innovationC. balance H. assuming M. artistic D. worthwhile I. somewhat N. examined E. emerge J. exaggerating O. extremesSection B （30 points）Directions: There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.Every country tends to accept its own way of life as being the normal one and to praise or criticize others as they are similar to or different from it. And unfortunately, our picture of the people and the way of life of other countries is often a distorted (曲解) one.Here is a great argument in favor of foreign travel and learning foreign languages. It is only by traveling in, living in a country and getting to know its inhabitants and their language that one can find out what a country and its people are really like. And how different the knowledge one gains this way frequently turns out to be from the second-hand information gathered from other sources! How often we find that the foreigners whom we thought to be such different people from ourselves are not very different at all!Differences between people do, of course, exist and, one hopes, will always continue to do so. The world will be a dull place indeed when all the different nationalities behave exactly alike. With the much greater rapidity and ease of travel, there might seem to be some truth in this at least as far as Europe is concerned. However this may be, at least the greater ease of travel today has revealed to more people than ever before that the Englishman or Frenchman or German is not some different kind of animal from themselves.11. Every country criticizes ways of life in other countries because they are _.A. dull B. normal C. similar to each other D. different from its own12. One who travels in a foreign country and learns its language will _.A. find out what its people are like B. argue in favor of this country and the language C. know the country and its people better D. like its inhabitants and their language13. The knowledge one gains by traveling in a foreign country is often _.A. from second-hand information B. gathered more from other sources than from its inhabitants C. gained from the arguments about the country D. different from what one had before the travel14. Differences between people _.A. will gradually disappear because of ease of travel B. do exist even though different nationalities behave exactly alike C. will always continue to exist and the world will be a dull place D. will not exist as one hopes15. “However” (in para.3, line4) most probably means_.A. Somewhat B. By whatever means C. Anyhow D. No matter whatPassage TwoQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.In some ways the employment interview is like a persuasive speech because the applicant (interviewee) seeks to persuade the employer (interviewer) to employ him or her. Several suggestions might prove helpful to the applicant as preparation is made for the actual interview.A job applicant has the responsibility for ascertaining certain types of information prior to the interview. First, the applicant should know what kind of job he wants and how that job relates to his career objective. It is important that the applicant be able to state his reasons for wishing to work for a particular company. Second, the applicant should seek as much information as possible concerning the company. Relevant information for the applicant to locate includes such items as the location of the home and regional offices. The financial status of the company, plans for expansion, and company philosophy. Information about most major corporations is available in reference books and periodicals.After gathering information concerning the company, the applicant is ready for the interview. The interviewers first impression comes from the interviewees appearance. For most interviews, appropriate dress for man is a conservative dark colored suit with a long sleeve, white or light blue shirt and a conservative tie. For women a conservative, tailored suit or dress is appropriate. Both men and women should have neat, conservative length hair.Although hairstyle and dress are matters of personal taste, many personnel directors form initial impressions form these characteristics. For example, one recent college graduate, who felt himself qualified, interviewed for a public relations job. However, the personnel manager considered this young mans long hair, sloppy dress, and overly casual manner unsuited for this particular position.16. For whom is the passage most likely written?A. An employee B. An intervieweeC. An employer D. An interviewer17. As the author suggests, what the applicant should know before the interview is _.A. the type of work and his career expectation B. his career objective a particular company will decideC. whether the job fits his career objective D. all of the above18. Before the interview, the applicant should obtain some information about _.A. most major corporations B. reference books and periodicalsC. the company he wants to work for D. business and philosophy19. What the applicant wears, as the author suggests, can make him look _.A. persuasive B. informative C. personal D. conservative20. What is the author trying to tell us through the example in the last paragraph?A. The importance of personal taste. B. The importance of public relationsC. The importance of first impression. D. The importance of self-confidencePassage ThreeQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.As civilization proceeds in the direction of technology, it passes the point of supplying all the basic essentials of life food, shelter, clothes, and warmth. Then we are faced with a choice between using technology to provide and fulfill needs which have been regarded as unnecessary or, on the other hand, using technology to reduce the number of hours or work which a man must do in order to earn a given standard of living. In other words, we either raise our standard of living above that necessary for comfort and happiness or we leave it at this level and work shorter hours. I shall take it for granted that mankind has, by that time, chosen the latter alternative. Men will be working shorter and shorter hours in their employment. It follows that the housewife will also expect to be able to have more leisure in her life without lowering her standard of living. It also follows that human domestic servants will have completely ceased to exist. Yet the great majority of the housewives will wish to be relieved completely from the routine operations of the home such as vacuuming the floors, or washing the clothes, or making beds.By far the most logical step to relieve the housewife of routine, is to provide a robot slave which can be trained to the requirements of a particular home and can be programmed to carry out half a dozen or more standard operations, when so switched by the housewife.21. In this passage, the author states that _.A. technology is no longer regarded as important as it used to beB. it is always reasonable to make a man work full time for a good salaryC. modern civilization provides people with more than daily necessitiesD. it is salary, not the number of working hours that worries people most22. It can be learned from the passage that _.A. the ultimate purpose of developing technology is to fulfill the needs of daily lifeB. the better choice is to reduce working hours by making use of technologyC. men will be less paid due to the decrease in the number of working hoursD. men have to work longer if they want to enjoy more in their lives23. According to the passage, housewives _.A. are not satisfied with the present standard of livingB. think that domestic servant