2017_2018学年高中英语每日一题第08周每周一测试题含解析.docx

每周一测. 阅读理解ACompassion is a desire within us to help others. With effort, we can translate compassion into action. An experience last weekend showed me this is true. I work part-time in a supermarket across from a building for the elderly. These old people are our main customers, and its not hard to lose patience over their slowness. But last Sunday, one aged gentleman appeared to teach me a valuable lesson. This untidy man walked up to my register(收款机)with a box of biscuits. He said he was out of cash, had just moved into his room, and had nothing in his cupboards. He asked if we could let him have the food on trust. He promised to repay me the next day.I couldnt help staring at him, I wondered what kind of person he had been ten or twenty years before, and what he would be like if luck had gone his way. I had a hurt in my heart for this kind of human soul, all alone in the world, I told him that I was sorry, but store rules didnt allow me to do so. I felt stupid and unkind saying this, but I valued my job.Just then, another man, standing behind the first, spoke up. If anything, he looked more pitiable(可怜的).“Charge it to me” was all he said.What I had been feeling was pity. Pity is soft and safe and easy. Compassion, on the other hand, is caring in action. I thanked the second man but told him that was not allowed either, then I reached into my pocket and paid for the biscuits myself. I reached into my pocket because these two men had reached into my heart and taught me compassion.1. The aged gentleman who wanted to buy the biscuits _.A. promised to obey the store rulesB. forgot to take any money with himC. hoped to have the food first and pay laterD. could not afford anything more expensive2. Which of the following best describes the old gentleman?A. Kind and lucky.B. Poor and lonely.C. Friendly and helpful.D. Hurt and disappointed.3. The writer acted upon the store rules because _.A. he wanted to keep his present jobB. he felt no pity for the old gentlemanC. he considered the old man dishonestD. he expected someone else to pay for the old man4. What does the writer learn from his experience?A. wealth is more important than anything else.B. Helping others is easier said than done.C. experience is better gained through practice.D. Obeying the rules means more than compassion.5. How would the old men feel at the end of the story?A. Sad and disappointed.B. Happy and lucky.C. Depressed and unlucky.D. Surprised and grateful.BWalk through the Amazon rainforest today and you will find it steamy, warm, damp and thick. But if you had been there around 15,000 years ago, during the last ice age, would it have been the same? For more than 30 years, scientists have been arguing about how rainforests might have reacted to the cold, dry climate of the ice ages, but till now, no one has reached a satisfying answer.Rainforests like the Amazon are important for mopping up CO2 from the atmosphere and helping to solve global warming. Currently the trees in the Amazon take in around 500 million tons of CO2 each year: equal to the total amount of CO2 given off in the UK each year. But how will the Amazon react to the future climate change? If it gets drier, will it survive and continue to draw down CO2? Scientists hope that they will be able to learn in advance how the rainforest will manage in the future by understanding how rainforests reacted to climate change in the past.Unfortunately, collecting information is incredibly difficult. To study the past climate, scientists need to look at fossilized pollen(花粉) kept in lake mud, Going back to the last ice age means drilling down into lake sediments(沉淀物), which requires specialized equipment and heavy machinery. There are very few roads and paths, or places to land helicopters and aeroplanes. Rivers tend to be the easiest way to enter the forest, but this still leaves vast areas between the rivers completely unsampled(未取样). So far, only a handful of cores have been drilled that go back to the last ice age and none of them provide enough information to prove how the Amazon forest reacts to climate change.6. How do scientists study the past climate change?A. By predicting the climate change in the future.B. By drilling down deep into land sediments.C. By analyzing fossilized pollen in lake mud.D. By taking samples from rivers in the Amazon.7. Why is it difficult to collect information about the past climate change?A. Because scientists cant find proper equipment and machinery.B. Because it is very difficult to obtain complete samples.C. Because helicopters and aeroplanes have no place to land.D. Because none of the cores provide any information.8. Where is the passage most probably taken from?A. A medical journal.B. A news report.C. A travel brochure.D. A science magazine.9. The best title for the text may be .A. Secrets of the RainforestB. Climates of the AmazonC. The History of the RainforestD. Changes of the Rainforest. 完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Education from My FatherMy memories of my father are slim because he was so sick in the last years of his life. But there are1that I am often reminded of and which may have had some bearing on my love of2.When I was small I was somewhat3of lightning and thunder. My father explained it. The explanation was in4that a child could understand but was basically correct. I gained a better5later, but I didnt have to unlearn anything.What he said was that there was electricity in the clouds6it traveled to the ground like a spark. When it traveled7the air it made the air so hot that it8. Then there was nothing where the air had been and the air all around rushed in to9the space. He clapped his hands together very loud,10to be the air rushing in, and said that makes the thunder. When I hear thunder, I can still hear that11.He explained why if it was cloudy in the winter the night was warmer than if it was12. It was one of those nights when the sky was full of stars: no moon, no town lights. But there were more stars than you could13and they had color too. He said that if there were no clouds, we had no blankets and were14to the universe. Our warmth was going to15the whole universe. When there were clouds, they were like blankets and we were not exposed to the universe. I16feel on the edge of space on a very clear night.I am sure there were many other lessons that I17but no longer remember. What I did18, in general, was that there were explanations and that the more I understood them, the more comfortable the world was to live in. I was not taught that there were19but that there was understanding if you looked for it. This may be why I have always been20in science.1. A. othersB. fewC. someD. all2. A. scienceB. natureC. weatherD. universe3. A. sureB. fondC. tiredD. afraid4. A. depthB. wordsC. gesturesD. data5. A. understandingB. knowledgeC. commandD. confidence6. A. butB. andC. forD. or7. A. aboveB. toC. alongD. through8. A. shoneB. burnedC. expandedD. broke9. A. fillB. makeC. avoidD. break10. A. tryingB. provingC. hopingD. pretending11. A. clapB. remarkC. voiceD. crash12. A. coldB. brightC. clearD. foggy13. A. exploreB. foreseeC. imagineD. identify14. A. committedB. exposedC. relatedD. led15. A. heatB. protectC. extendD. light16. A. everB. alsoC. evenD. still17. A. selectedB. arrangedC. absorbedD. delivered18. A. considerB. promiseC. explainD. learn19. A. memoriesB. blanketsC. mysteriesD. thunders20. A. engagedB. interestedC. successfulD. skillful. 七选五型阅读理解根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Culture shock refers to the anxiety and feelings (of surprise, uncertainty, confusion, etc.) people feel when they have to operate within a different and unknown cultural or social environment, such as a foreign country.Generally speaking, we could say that there are four stages of culture shock.The first stage is called “the honeymoon”.In this stage, you are excited about living in a different place.1The next stage is“the hostility(敌意)stage”.In this stage, you begin to notice not everything is as good as you originally thought it was.2Moreover, people dont treat you like a guest anymore.Then you come to the third stage called “recovery”. In this stage, you start to feel more positive.3The whole situation starts to become more favorable and you begin to learn to adapt yourself to it.The last stage of culture shock is called “adjustment”. In this stage, you have reached a point where you actually feel good.4The things that originally(起初) made you feel uncomfortable or strange are now things that you understand. Now you have adjusted to the new culture and you feel comfortable.Notall individuals visiting another country will experience all these four stages.5It also occurs within cultures as individuals move from place to place or from one setting to another (e.g., from high school to college).A. You feel that friends should help each other to deal with culture shock.B.And you come to understand everything you dontunderstand.C. In addition, culture shock is not limited to the overseas visitor.D. You become tired of many things about the new culture.E.You have learned enough to understand the new culture.F. You begin to understand you need to travel a lot.G.And everything seems to be wonderful and everybody seems to be so nice to you. 短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。John Snowa doctor, who attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he was willing to help ordinary people exposed in cholera. Many people died every time there was a outbreak. He wanted to face the challenge and solve the problem. No theories caught her attention. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies and the disease attacked the body. John Snow believed the second was right but he needed evidences. When another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enquiry and tried to get more information. He found that most of the deaths was near a water pump and the spread of the disease was with water. With the information, he was able to conclude that polluting water carried the virus. After that, he suggested the source of all the water supplies was examined. Finally King Cholera defeated. 书面表达假如你是天津晨光中学的学生，为促进中澳文化交流，学校要在9月20日迎接一个澳大利亚学生团的来访。你要通过电子邮件向澳大利亚学生团团长怀特先生做一个参观活动的安排简介根据下面提示，写一篇英语邮件。1. 说明写信的事由提出活动安排：8：:3在校门口列队欢迎；9:00观看艺术表演，参加学生社团活动；11:00 在操场进行和澳大利亚学生代表队的篮球比赛。2. 表达欢迎之意。要求：1.词数120词左右*2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯Dear Mr. White,How are you? _ Best wishes!Yours sincerely,Li Hua. 阅读理解A【语篇解读】慈悲就是我们愿意去帮助别人，通过努力，我们可以将爱心化为行动。作者帮助一位可怜的、贫穷的老人付了买食物的钱，也保住了超市收银员的兼职工作。1. C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“He asked if we could let him have the food on trust. He promised to repay me the next day.”可知那个老人是想先赊帐，第二天再付钱。故选C。3. A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“I told him that I was sorry, but store rules didnt allow me to do so. I felt stupid and unkind saying this, but I valued my job.”可知作者按照店里的规定做事，因为他害怕丢了工作。故选A。4. B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子“Pity is soft and safe and easy. Compassion, on the other hand, is caring in action.”可知帮助别人说起来容易做起来难。故选B。5. D【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的句子“I reached into my pocket and paid for the biscuits myself. I reached into my pocket because these two men had reached into my heart and taught me compassion.”可知老人得到作者的帮助又惊讶又感激。故选D。B【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了科学家们对于亚马逊河热带雨林对寒冷、干燥等气候变化反应的一些争论。还介绍了科学家如何通过研究亚马逊河泥浆中的花粉化石来了解热带雨林对气候变化的反应进行研究的。6. C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“To study the past climate, scientists need to look at fossilized pollen(花粉) kept in lake mud,”可知，为了研究过去的气候，科学家们需要研究保存在湖里泥浆中的花粉化石。故选C。7. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Rivers tend to be the easiest way to enter the forest, but this still leaves vast areas between the rivers completely unsampled(未取样).”可知，科学家之所以难以收集有关过去气候变化的信息是因为很难获得完整的相关样品。故选B。8. D解析】文章出处题。文章主要介绍了科学家们对于亚马逊河热带雨林对气候变化反应的一些争论。以及科学家如何通过研究亚马逊河泥浆中的花粉化石来了解热带雨林对气候变化的反应。这属于科学领域的内容。故选D。. 完形填空【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，作者回忆了小时候爸爸对一些自然现象的解释影响了他对科学的热爱。1. C考查代词词义辨析。根据本空前的“My memories of my father are slim because he was so sick in the last years of his life.”及文章最后的“science”可知，我经常会想起关于爸爸的一些（some）回忆。2. A考查名词词义辨析。根据下文爸爸给我解释雷和闪电的情节可知，我热爱科学（science）。3. D考查形容词词义辨析。根据本空后的“of lightning and thunder. My father explained it.”可知，小时候的我有点害怕（afraid）雷和闪电，爸爸给我解释这种自然现象。4. B考查名词词义辨析。上文说爸爸给我解释雷电这种自然现象，此处是说爸爸语言上（in words）的解释。5. A考查名词词义辨析。根据本空前的“a child could understand but was basically correct.”可知，我对雷电有了更好的理解（understanding）。6. B考查连词词义辨析。“there was electricity in the clouds”与“it traveled to the ground like a spark.”在语义上是承接关系，所以用and连接。7. D考查介词词义辨析。根据本空后的“the air it made the air so hot”可知，电流穿过（through）大气层。8. B考查动词词义辨析。根据本空前的“it made the air so hot that it”可知，电流使大气层太热了以致大气燃烧（burned）。9. A考查动词词义辨析。根据本空前的“Then there was nothing where the air had been and the air all around rushed in to”可知，周围的大气填满（fill）燃烧过的大气的空间。10. D考查动词词义辨析。根据本空后的“to be the air rushing in”可知，爸爸用力拍手，假装（pretending）大气流入。11. A考查名词词义辨析。上文说爸爸用力拍手假装大气流入，我仍然记得爸爸的拍手（clap）。12. C考查形容词词义辨析。根据本空前的“if it was cloudy”可知，爸爸冬天多云的夜晚为什么比晴朗的（clear）夜晚暖和一些。13. C考查动词词义辨析。根据本空前的“But there were more stars than you could”可知，天空中有比你能想象（imagine）得到的多得多的星星。15. A考查动词词义辨析。根据本空前的“Our warmth was going to”可知，我们的热量将使整个宇宙变热（heat）。16. D考查副词词义辨析。根据本空后的“feel on the edge of space on a very clear night.”可知，在一个晴朗的夜晚，我仍然（still）能感觉到空间的边缘。17. C考查动词词义辨析。根据本空后的“but no longer remember.”可知，还有很多其他我吸收（absorbed）但已记不清的课程。18. D考查动词词义辨析。根据本空后的“was that there were explanations and that the more I understood them, the more comfortable the world was to live in.”可知，我学习（learn）到的是一些解释以及越理解它们就会活得越舒适。19. C考查名词词义辨析。根据本空后的“but that there was understanding if you looked for it.”可知，我被教的不是一些神秘之事（mysteries），而是你去探求就会理解它。20. B考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文内容以及本空后的“in science”可知，此处是说这就是我对科学感兴趣（interested）的原因。. 七选五型阅读理解【语篇解读】对于每一件新事物、每一个新环境和每一种新文化，人们都需要去适应。在适应的过程中，人们都要经历四个阶段，即蜜月期、排斥期、恢复期和调整期。如果对此有充分的心理准备，人们就能够顺利地度过这四个阶段，最终融入到新环境和新文化中去。1. G【解析】根据第二段中的“The first stage is called the honeymoon. In this stage, you are excited about living in a different place” 可知，在被称为“蜜月期”的第一阶段，你会对生活在一个新地方感觉很兴奋。有什么样的感觉呢？很自然地，一切看起来都很新鲜，都不错！感觉周围的每个人对你都很友好。“And everything seems to be wonderful and everybody seems to be so nice to you.”符合语境。选择G项。2. D【解析】根据第三段中的“The next stage is the hostility stage. In this stage, you begin to notice not everything is as good as you originally thought it was.”可知，在被称为“排斥期”的第二阶段，你开始注意到（在新文化中）一切并不像你原来想像得那么美好。人们也不再把你当客人对待了（people dont treat you like a guest anymore.）。伴随而来的应该是对新文化的失落和厌倦。“You become tired of many things about the new culture.”符合语境。选择D项。4. E【解析】根据第五段中的“The last stage of culture shock is called adjustment. In this stage, you have reached a point where you actually feel good.”可知，在被称为“调整期”的文化冲击的最后阶段，你实际上已经感觉不错了。现在你理解了起初让你感觉不舒适或奇怪的东西（The things that originally made you feel uncomfortable or strange are now things that you understand.）为什么会感觉不错，理解了原来不理解的东西呢？原因只能是为了理解新文化你学了足够多的东西。“You have learned enough to understand the new culture.”符合语境。选择E项。. 短文改错John Snowa doctor,attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he was willing to help ordinary people exposed cholera. Many people died every time there wasoutbreak. He wanted to face thechallenge and solve the problem. No theories caughtattention. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies and the disease attacked the body. John Snow believed the second was r