高二unit20 Archaeology教学设计.doc

Unit 20 ArchaeologyPeriod 1 Warming up, listening and speakingGoals Learn to talk about archaeological discoveries. Learn to express curiosity. Review the use of“it”.ProceduresLeading in (1): by asking questions. ( class work, approx. 5 mins)Hello, boys and girls. Today we are going to learn the last unit of this book- Unit 20. This unit has a lot to do with archaeology. “Archaeology” is a new word for you, I think. What does it mean? It means “the study of the buried remains of ancient times, such as houses, pots, tools, and weapons, all of which represent the ancient civilizations”. As you know, archaeology is of great importance in studying the history of the human being, without which we could know nothing about the history of our ancestors or our great, great grand fathers. So archaeology is an important scientific branch. Im glad to tell you that there are a lot of famous archaeological discoveries in both China and foreign countries, such as Qin terracotta soldiers（秦兵马俑）in Xian，Sinanthropus Pekinensis or Beijing man（北京猿人）in Beijing，the Mawangdui Han Dynasty Tomb（马王堆汉墓）in Changsha，Sanxingdui（三星堆）in Sichuan, the Pyramids in Egypt（埃及金字塔），the grave of the King of Stonehenge（巨石王墓）in England, etc. All of the results of archaeology show us the brilliant history, highly developed culture and civilization in ancient times. So today we are going to learn something about archaeology, which, I hope, will widen your eyes and make you know something about archaeology. 三星堆青铜器头像First, look at the pictures on page 73. They are from four different ages- Stone Age, Bronze Age, Han Dynasty and Tang Dynasty. Now, Id like to ask you a few questions.1. Have you ever thought of what kind of tools the peopleof different age used?(Answer: People in different age used different tools. Man in Stone Age mainly used the tools made of stone, such as stone shovels，stone axes. Generally speaking, all those tools were very simple and primitive, or at a low level. People in Bronze Age mostly used tools made of bronze, such as bronze weapon, bronze containers. Those who lived in Han Dynasty and Tang Dynasty used iron tools, which might be practical and excellent.)2. What do you think the people in those ages eat? (Answer: Quite differently. In Stone Age, they had wild fruit and animals for their food; people in the following ages lived mainly on grain.)3. What about their housing and home decoration? (Answer: Stone Age people mostly lived in natural caves with almost no decoration. As time went on man in Bronze Age, especially, in late Bronze Age, began to build houses. Simple as they were, they could protect the early man from wind and rain. In Han Dynasty and Tang Dynasty, civilizations developed, as a result, peoples housing and home decoration also developed. The relics, for example, from the Mawangdui Han Dynasty Tomb clearly proved this.)Leading in (2): by discussion. ( class work, approx. 5 mins) Hi, boys and girls. We are now living in a highly developed world, with advanced culture and highly developed civilizations accompanying us. But have you ever thought what are all the culture and civilizations based on? Oh, yes, they are based on those created by our great, great grandfathers, who lived a long, long time ago. No one exactly knows what they lived on, what their housing and home decoration conditions exactly were like, what kind of tools they usually used in their production activities, and what entertainment they had in their spare time. However, we can imagine! So now, you will be divided into groups of four and, with the help of your imagination, discuss what kinds of food the early man ate, what their housing conditions and home decorations were like, what tools they made and what entertainment they had in their spare time. Then Ill ask some of you to report the results to the whole class. (Teacher writes what the students report on the blackboard, each student reporting on one topic.)China Archaeological Discoveries in 2001 Large Animal Skull Fossil Found in Guizhou Bronze Drum Found in Guangxi New Bronze Site Reveals Changes in Regional History Cache With Coins of Song Dynasty Found in Hebei Bridge Engraved With Dragon Heads Found in Sichuan Top 100 Archaeological Discoveries in the 20th Century Group of Stone Tombs Found in Shaanxi Province Man Corpse of Ming Dynasty Found in Jiangsu Bowl Tomb Found in Sichuan Province Prehistoric People Eat Elephants: Archeologist Largest Family Joint Burial Tomb Found in NW China Chinese Pompeii Brought to Light Rare Glass Bottle Unearthed in East China Ancient Rampart Discovered in East China Ancient Evidence Similar to Indian Scalping Found in Chinas Hinterland 3,000-Year-Old Military Officers Tomb Found at Yin Ruins Gansu Found Largest Dinosaur Footprints in the World Silver Pagoda Found in Iron Case Unearthed in Hangzhou Precious Relics Uncovered in Pagoda Ruins Grotto Burial Ruins Dating Back 3,000 Years Found Ancient Sculpture Evidence of Cultural Fusion: Archeologist Underground Palace Discovered Ancient Chinese Used Hard Writing Tools North China City Believed to Be Ancient Capital Ancient Stone Musical Instrument Found in Northwest China Nanjing Man Reconfirmed Over 500,000 Years Old New Archaeological Find in Nanjing Large Group of Ancient Tombs Found in Central China City Well-Preserved Mummies Found in Xinjiang Famous Han Tombs in China 900-Year-Old Sewer Still in Use Archaeologists Unearth 2,000-Year-Old Blast Furnace Ruins of Ancient Pond Unearthed in Central China Ancient Gun Found in Northeast China 2000-Year Old Musical Instruments to Be Played LiveTask 1: Looking and discussing ( pair /group work, approx. 10 mins)1) Look at page 73, boys and girls. There are 4 pictures，some questions and a table. Please look at the pictures attentively, read the questions carefully, discuss these questions in groups of four and then try to fill in the table with what youve discussed. In the end, Ill ask some of you to report the results to the whole class. (Teacher writes what the students report on the blackboard, each student reporting on one topic.)2) Look at page 74, boys and girls. Lets discuss the second question, “Can you give examples of important discoveries form these different periods? Where were they unearthed and where can you go and see them?” While discussing, you should make use of your common sense, and if you are interested in archaeology in your daily life, you are sure to give a lot of examples of the important discoveries from these different periods. So try your best, please. Finally, I will ask some of you to report the results to the whole class. (Teacher writes what the students report on the blackboard, each student reporting on one topic.)Useful words and phrasesStone Age (10,000 2，000 BC), Bronze Age (2,000 ), tools, stone axe, stone knife, stone shovel, pot, vase, weapon, bow, arrow, sword, jade, silk, pottery, iron, Qin terracotta soldiers, grain, go hunting, go fishing, go faming, backward, advanced, play gamesTask 2: Listening, filling and speaking. ( class work, approx. 10 mins)1. Listen to the tape twice and fill in the blanks on page 74.2. First, the students should try to make a drawing of the tool according to the content of the tape; second, they should write down five of the questions asked by the students; third, they should answer the questions according to what theyve heard; fourth, they should try to guess what else the object could be used for with the help of the drawing on page 74.Task 3: Speaking up. ( group work, approx. 10 mins)1) Work in pairs to make a dialogue. The purpose is to practice speaking ability. Student A talks about a topic he or she likes, while Student B gives suggestions. Some useful topics for the students:Student A wants to know something about the prehistoric housing of the early man.Student B is interested in the food the prehistoric people had.Student C is eager to know the history of Sanxingdui ruins.Student D enjoys archaeology discoveries very much.Student E wants to have a clear idea of all the ancient archaeological sites both at home and abroad.Student F wants to know the development of agriculture in history.2) Work in pairs or small groups and talk about archaeological finds, such as artifacts, tombs or unearthed towns. Useful expressionsI wonder what/who I really want to know Im curious to Id like to know I wonder if/whether What Id really like to find out is Im curious about Id like to know more about Closing up by interviewing an archaeologist. ( pair work, approx. 5 mins)Suppose that a famous archaeologist is giving you a talk about what archaeology is. He tells you that archaeology is the scientific study of peoples of the past. their culture and their relationship with their environment. The purpose of archaeology is to understand how humans in the past interacted with their environment, and to preserve this history for present and future learning. After listening to the talk, you want to ask him some questions about archaeology. These questions should include the contents above, should be as wide as possible, and should be meaningful and instructive.HomeworkAsk the students to write a short passage about archaeology. They may write something about whether they are interested in archaeology, what they think of archaeology, how much they know about archaeology, or what they have learned form the text.Period 2 Reading（THE KING OF STONEHENGE）Goals Learn to read for a general idea. learn to use useful words and expressions.ProceduresLeading in (1): by introduction. ( class work, approx. 5 mins.)Boys and girls, now we are going to deal with reading material- The King of Stonehenge, which has a lot to do with archaeology. As you know, archaeology is the scientific study of peoples of the past. their culture and their relationship with their environment. The purpose of archaeology is to understand how humans in the past interacted with their environment, and to preserve this history for present and future learning. The text we are going to learn just proves the above, so now Ill give you 5 minutes to read the whole text as quickly as you can, then answer my question:Why is the discovery important?Four reasons: His grave is the richest of any found from that period. He was buried three miles form Stonehenge at the time when the great stones were being brought to Salisbury to build it. It is possible that the King of Stonehenge may havehad a hand in planning the monument or helping transport and pull up the stones.He was the person who brought culture and new techniques from the Europe mainland to Britain, which caused the change of an era from Stone Age toBronze Age. 英国巨石阵Leading in (2): by story (Lockstep, approx. 5 mins.)Boys and girls, now Id like to tell you a story. In the spring of 2002, people in Britain planned to build a school at Amesbury in Wiltshire. While the workers dug the work site, they discovered something unusual, which led to the discovery of the grave of the King of Stonehenge. It is thought that this is a very important discovery in archaeology, because archaeologists discovered the richest Bronze Age burial in Britain Do you want to know more about the discovery? Good. Now, Ill give you five minutes for you to read the text and answer my question:Why is the discovery important?Task 1: Reading for general ideas. (Individual work, approx. 10 mins)1.Read the text quickly and answer the following questions. How many kinds of things were discovered in the grave of the King of Stonehenge? What were they?(Five. They are clothing, tools, weapons, pottery, and spare materials to make new tools.) What is the most important reason to describe the discovery as an important one?The King of Stonehenge, who was not a native English, came from a certain place in Europe, but he brought culture and new techniques from European mainland to Britain, which greatly fastened the advance pace of British civilization, that is, from the Stone Age to the Bronze Age. 2. Read the text carefully and then decide whether the given statements are true or false. On March, 3, 2002, archaeologists in England found a grave of a man dating back to around 3000 BC. People got to know where the man was from by testing his bones. (F) From what were found in the grave people had a clear idea of the dressing of the King of Stonehenge when he was buried. (T) All the relics found in the grave of the King of Stonehenge were buried with him for his future use in the next life because of the belief that a dead man would come back to life. (T) The discovery of the King of Stonehenge was far from important. (F) The two earrings are not only the oldest gold ever found in England, but also a proof that the ancient British were clever enough to make gold even in around 2,500 BC. (F) Because of his power and his successful organization of the construction of Stonehenge, the man got his title as the King of Stonehenge. (T) In ancient times it was very difficult for the people then to construct the Stonehenge not because the stones were huge and heavy but because they couldnt use our modern machines. (F) It can be inferred that the King of Stonehenge was not only an organizer but also a worker helped construct the Stonehenge himself by the means of transportation and pulling up the stones. (T) Man began to trade with other people or countries even in very old times. （T）Task 2: Reading and copying. (Individual or pair work, approx.10 mins)Now its time to read the text again and copy down all the useful expressions.Useful expressions from the textdate back to around 2,300 BC, with his face to the north,a bone pin, carryon ones breast, gold earrings, be made of, a second smaller copper knife, a cushion stone, work metal, a variety of reasons, tend to do sth., a member of a powerful class, the construction of Stonehenge, be linked to sth., have a hand in, pull up, in terms of, technical development, Stone Age, Iron Age, through trade and cultural links, the skills to make metal , be of high status, in the eyes of, local peopleTask 3: Discussing and finishing. ( Group work, approx. 15 mins)1.Now we are going to discuss the following questions in groups of four: According to the text, the discovery of the grave of the King of Stonehenge is of great importance. Do you agree? Why? Why not? Archaeology is a science branch. Do you agree with this point of view? Why? Why not? Can you give some examples to support your idea?2. Fill in the blanks according to the text.Finds_Why important _ Peoples opinion(A possible key)Finds: clothing, tools, weapons, pottery, spare materials to make new toolsWhy important:1. richest ever found from that era;2. buried near Stonehenge site;3. having a hand in Stonehenge;4. making culture and technique exchange possible.Peoples opinion:thinking highly of what the King of Stonehenge had doneClosing up by production. (Group work, approx. 5 mins)Finally we shall hold an interview with the chief archaeologist who was in charge of the excavation then. One of you will act as the archaeologist and others act as journalists, who are interviewing the archaeologist.Homework:Although our society has developed rapidly and effectively in an all-round way, we dont know of the early ages. What we know about the history partly comes from the historical documents, partly from archaeology. So archaeology plays an important role in our culture and civilization. In fact, we have not only underground archaeology, but also underwater archeology. As we know, in early ages, some ships carrying something valuable sailed across the oceans but unfortunately some met with storms and sank. That is another source of archaeology. Have you ever heard of this kind of archaeology? So your homework today is: try to find out some useful information about this part, write a short article on underwater archaeology.Period 3 Language study(Grammar: Review the use of “It”)GoalsHelp the students to grasp some new words and improve the ability of defining words in English.Help the students to review the use of “It”.ProceduresLeading in (1): by listening. (class work, approx.5 mins)Hello, everyone! We learned THE KING OF STONEHENGE yesterday. Now Lets listen to the tape of the text.(After listening to the text)Now Ill ask you a question: Are you interested in archaeology? Do you want to be an archaeologist?史记秦始皇 名为政 姓赵氏Leading in (2): by presentation. ( class work, approx.5 mins)Good morning, class. Yesterday we learned the text THE KING OF STONEHENGE. I want one of you to retell the story in your own words.Task 1: Defining words. ( Pair work, approx. 8 mins)1. Turn to page 77 and ask the students to do exercises of word study. They should fill in the blanks with proper words from the text.2. Explain the meaning and use of the words.3. Ask the students to make sentences with the words.Task 2: Studying Inversion. ( Individual and class work, approx.10 mins)1.Now its time for us to go over the use of “It”. Please turn to page 78, rewrite the sentences using “it”. In both exercises, “it” is used as a formal subject. In exercise 1, “it” stands for an infinitive, while in exercise 2, “it” represents the real subject clause.2.Help the students find out how “it” is used. (About the use of “it”, please refer to “语法精讲It的用法” in this unit.)Period 4 Integrating skills(ROOTS OF CHINESE CULTURE)Goals Provide the students with opportunities to develop their reading and writin