word study.doc

Word Study1.include v.a) to have something or someone as part of something larger or more general The tour included a visit to the Science Museum. b) include sb./sth. (in /among sth.) ; make sb./sth. part of a larger group or set All students were included in the initial planning discussions. *including prep. : used to show that someone or something is part of a larger group, amount, or process The band played many songs, including some of my favourites. * included adj. only after noun/pronoun: including someone or something Everyone has to go to the dentist, you, included.Everybody here has a bad cold, including myself. Were all going to the game, Betty included2.modern adj.belonging to the present time or most recent time Unemployment is one of the major problems of modern times.made or done using the most recent designs or methods I always prefer a modern hotel to a traditional one when travel.c)(of art, music, literature, etc) using styles that have been recently developed andare very different from traditional styles) My younger brother shows his interest in modern dance.3.present adj.(of a person ) being in a particular place Were you present when the news was announced?happening or existing now The new library will be double the size of the present one.n.a) thing given or received as a gift This hook was a present from my brother.b) at present; at this time; now The film is set sometime between 1995 and the present.v. give or hand over sth. to sb. present sb. with sth. / present sth. to sb.The president presented a cheque for 500,000 to cancer research.4. identity n.a) who or what sb./sth. is There is no clue to the identity of the thief since we cant find his identity card. b) U. exact likeness or sameness Our strong sense of national identity has been shaped by our history.5. government n. U. a) the group of people who officially control a country The government are discussing the proposal.b) method or system of governing People should know the importance of good government in a developing country.c) governing, power to govern If we do not have strong government, there will be rioting. in government What would the opposition do if they were in government (=governing the country)?6. standard n.a) thing used as a test or measure for weights, lengths, quality, etc People were very poor before the 1980s, by todays standards.b) (often pl.) required, expected or accepted level of quality He is a man with a high moral standard.adj.a) serving as, used as or conforming to a standard What is the standard size of a twin bed?b) average, normal or usual; not special or unusual It is the standard modal of a car.7. recognize v.a) recognize sb./sth. (by sth.) : to know who someone is or what something is, because you have seen, heard, experienced, or learned about them in the past I recognize her by her red hat.b) to accept that something is true or real Smoking is recognized as a leading cause of lung cancer. c) to officially show respect lor someone for an achievement He was recognized by the governor for his work.8. direction n.a) course taken by a moving person or thing; way that a person or thing looks or faces Tom went off in one direction and Harry in another.b) way in which sb./sth. develops or is developed That is the present direction of g