江苏对口单招班第二册第三单元语法状语从句.ppt

状语从句 状语从句 时间状语从句 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 目的状语从句 结果状语从句 条件状语从句 方式状语从句 让步状语从句 比较状语从句 1.时间状语从句 1)由连词when, while, as, as soon as, before, after, since, till/ until等引导。 主句用将来时，从句常用一般现 在时表将来 I will tell him when he comes back. 2)while, when, as辨析 While引导的时间状语从句只指一段时间 ，强调某一段时间内，主从句动作同时 发生。从句动词常是延续性的 When既可以指一个时间点,也可以是一段 时间，可表示主从句的动作同时或先后 发生。从句动词可以是延续性的，也可 以是非延续性的。 As强调主句 从句动作相并发生,译为”一 边一边” When he returned , his wife was cooking. While he was reading, his wife was cooking. He hurried home, looking behind as he went . 另外, when/while还作并列连词,连接并列分句, while表示 “而,可是”如: I like reading while my wife enjoys watching TV. when表示 “就在这时” 在下列结构中，表示某件 事正在发生或刚刚发生，另一动作同时发生。 1.be about to do when 2.be doing when 3.had done when e.g. We were about to start when it began to rain. I was playing computer games when mom came in. 3)until/till(不用于句首) “延续的动词（肯定式）+until ”表示“ 直到为止” I waited for him until he came back. “非延续性动词（否定式）+until ”表示 “直到才” He didnt go to bed until he finished his work. Not until he saw it himself did he believe it. 注意: not until 在句首时要倒装 4)表示“一就”的句型 (1)as soon as, once, the moment/ minute/ second, immediately/ directly/ instantly As soon as he comes, Ill tell him. The moment I saw him, I recognized him. I left immediately the clock struck 5. (2)on / upon doing / on (upon) ones +n On arriving at the station, the thief was arrested. On his arrival in Paris, he was recognized as a famous person. 5)Every time, each time等也可以引 导时间状语从句 Every time I caught a cold , I had pain in my head. (3)no sooner than/ hardly when / scarcely when No sooner had they reached home than it started to rain. Hardly had I entered the room when the telephone rang. 6) before 和since 1）before “ 还未就”, “不到就”， “才 ” We hadnt run a mile before tired. Do it now before you forget. 2）It will be + 时间段 +before sb. do 多久之后才 It will be two years before I come back. Practice: 1. I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice _ I picked up the phone. A. while B. after C. in case D. the minute 2. How long do you think it will take _ our product becomes popular with the consumers A. when B. until C. before D. since 3. _ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. since C. As D. While 4. He was halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears. A. why B. where C. when D. while 2. 让步状语从句 引导词有： although, though, even if/though, as , while（尽管）whetheror( 无论还是 ), whoever= no matter who whenever= no matter when whatever= no matter what wherever= no matter where however= no matter how 判断正误： No matter what you say is of no use now. Whatever you say is of no use now. 归纳： no matter+疑问词不能引导主语从句 和宾语从句， 而 “疑问词+ever”则可以 1)as 引导的让步从句要倒装，句型为： 形容词/ 副词/ 名词（不带冠词）/ 动词（ 原形）+主语+谓语 Young as he is, he knows a lot. Much as I like it, I cant afford it. Farmer as he is, he is well-educated. Try as I might, I couldnt lift the stone. 2）although不倒装， though可倒装也可 不倒装, as 必须倒装 Although/Though he was ill he didnt stop working. _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. A. While B. since C. Before D. Unless 2. The workers are determined to go through with their railway project, _ the expenses have risen. A. as long as B. even though C. now that D. as though 3. I really want the match, however much _. A. does it cost B. costs it C. will it cost D. it costs 4. _ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work. A. For now B. Now that C. By now D. until 5. _, the idea of having to work under a woman defeated him. A. Wanting the job very much B. Although wanting the job badly C. Though he wanted the job very much D. He wanted the job badly 3. 地点状语从句 引导词有: where, wherever 注意：不要混同于where 引导的定语从句 与定语从句的区别：where引导定语从句 ，从句前有一个表示地点的名词。 Go back where you came from. Go back to the village where you came from. (有志者，事竟成） Ill follow you wherever you go. Where there is a will , there is a way. 4. 原因状语从句 由because, since, now that, as引导。 (1). because 语气最强，用来回答why提问， 可用在强调句型中。 It was because he was ill that he didnt go with us. (2).Since语气比because弱，表示关系上的自 然结果，一般译成“既然，鉴于”（往往放于主 句之前） Since no one is against it ,lets carry out the plan.（既然没人反对, ) (3).as语气最弱，只说明一般的因果关系（ 可放于主句之前，也可放于主句之后） Wear strong shoes as we shall do a lot of walking today. (4).for也可以表示原因，不是说明直接原 因，而是对某种情况加以推倒，用于表示 补充说明理由。 He must be ill, for he is absent today. (5).now that用来说明一种新情况，然后加 以推理，now that放于句首时，that可省 略。 Now ( that) everybody is here, lets begin. 5. 目的状语从句 引导词：in order that, so that(为了） ,for fear that , in case,谓语动词常含有 can, could, may, might, will, would等 情态动词。 Ill speak slowly so that everybody can understand me. He wrote the name down for fear that( in case) he would forget. 6. 结果状语从句： 引导词有：sothat, suchthat, so that 常用句型： 1)so+ adj. (adv.) + that 2)so+ adj. + a (an) + n. +that 3)Such +a (an) +adj. + n. + that 4)Such +adj. + n (s) +that He spoke so fast that I couldnt follow him. It was such a good day that we all went swimming. 7. 条件状语从句 1. 由if, unless(= if not), so/ as long as(只要), suppose/supposing(假设， 如果), in case(以防), on condition that, provided that(如果)引导。 e.g. You may use the room as long as you clean it up afterwards. 2.“祈使句+and/ or/ or else/otherwise” 引导的结果句，祈使句在实际意义上相 当于条件状语从句。 Use you head, and you will find a way. Get up now, or you will be late. 8. 方式状语从句 引导词有: as(如同 ), as if/though (好像 ) They are talking as if (as though) they were old friends. 注意： as，like 都表示“像”， I work as others do . I work like others. as 是连词 ，后加句子 like 是介词，后加名词、代词、名词短语 9.比较状语从句 由as as, not as/ soas, than, the more the more He ran as far as he could. The harder you try, the better you will understand. 部分状语从句可用省略形式： even if, if , once, while, though, unless, when, as if etc. The flower his friends gave him will die unless (it is) watered every day Even if (I am) invited,