英语音标及辨音练习.ppt

英语听力辨音英语听力辨音 -About phonetic sound Phonetic Alphabet Stops 爆破音 o爆破音是指发音器官在口腔中形成 阻碍，然后气流冲破阻碍而发出的 音。 /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/ /p, b/ pear bear pull bull park bark rip rib cap cab cup cub happy shabby simple symbol /t, d/ tare daretear dear seat seedbet bed hat had writer rider putting pudding center sender deadlock width /d/发音轻、快， 基本略过 p在清辅音后读t。 lworked, finished, helped, hoped, liked, joked, stopped p在元音和浊辅音后读d。 lfollowed, stayed, called, entered, believed, lived, tried, copied, planned p在辅音t, d后读id。 lwanted, rested, needed, fitted, admitted 规则动词的过去式和过去分词怎么发音？ /k, g/ card guardcurl girl cave gave back bag dock dogpick pig ankle angle ticking digging clock glad keen Friction consonants Friction consonants 摩擦音摩擦音 o由发音器官造成的缝隙使气流产生摩擦 而发出的声音 /f, , s, , h/ / v, , z, , r/ voiceless consonants voiced consonants /f/ the main body of the tongue is kept low and the front is held concave allowing air to escape. Note:Note: 1) The letter r is silent in these words.1) The letter r is silent in these words. 2) When there is no vowel following it, r is 2) When there is no vowel following it, r is silent.silent. New York later quarter depart weather airport afternoon announcer order passengers sir earlier forbidden are departure wonderful beer forecaster German dear supermarket upstairs four marvelous more emergency there storm sure worse Affricates 破擦音： o由一个爆破音和一个摩擦音组成。发音 时舌尖抵住上齿龈成发t、d的姿势， 形成气流的完全阻碍。随后让气流冲破 这种阻碍轻微爆破后立即发出第二个摩 擦音，即先爆破后摩擦，两音密合，发 成一个音。 /t / /d / /ts/ /dz/ /tr/ /dr/ /t/ /d/ / t / have a chat / the chief editor a child of nature / cherish it /d/ jump at the chance / join hands / juice / a plain Jane /tr/ /dr/ n/tr/ 发音时，舌身采取发/r/ 的姿势，但 舌尖要贴在齿龈后部，气流冲破这个阻 碍发出短促的/t/后，立即发/r/ n/dr/发音时，舌身采取发/r/ 的姿势，但 舌尖要贴在齿龈后部，气流冲破这个阻 碍发出短促的/d/后，立即发/r/ /tr/ tree treat trim 整洁的 track true tread 踩踏 /dr/ dry drink dream drop draw drain drive dread 畏惧 /tr/ /t/ treat cheat trees cheese trip chip train chain trace chase /dr/ /d/ dressed jest （开玩笑） drug jug drudge judge 做苦工 /ts/ /dz/ o/ts/ 发音时，舌端先贴住齿龈，堵住气流，然后略 微下降，气流随之泄出口腔。 o/dz/发音时，舌端先贴住齿龈，堵住气流，然后略 微下降，气流随之泄出口腔，声带振动。 /ts/ beats seats sheets lets cats arts lots pots cuts hurts shorts boots /dz/ reads beads beds adds lads cards gods lords birds Nasal Consonants 鼻音 /n/ / lTon tongue lSin sing lWin wing lKin 家人 King lTan tang lBan bang lBun bung 塞子 连读 o在同一个意群中,相邻的两个词,前者以辅音音 素结尾,后者以元音音素开头,往往要拼在一起 连读。 nHe is a student. (is与a要连读) nThat is a right answer. (That与is, is和a, right和answer都可以连读) nIll be back in half an hour. (back和in, half和an, an与hour都可以连读)。 o在同一个意群中的两个单词,如果前面的单词以r或 re结尾,后面的单词以元音音素开头,则r或re要发/r/ 音,并与其后的元音音素相拼。 nhere and there连读时往往读作/hiEr End TZE /。 na pair of shoes连读时读作/E pZEr Ev FU:z/. Notice：连读现象只出现在意群内部，意群与意群之 间的两个相邻单词即使符合上面所讲的两个条件 ，也不连读。 nI hope itll get a little warmer. o这个句子中的hope it就不连读为/hupit/，因为主句I hope是一个意群，后面的从句是另一个意群。 不完全爆破 o在某些情况下,发爆破音时,气流不必 冲破阻碍,而只是发音器官在口腔中 形成阻碍,并稍做停顿,(也就是说,做 好要发出这个爆破音的准备,但不要 发出音来),这样的发音过程叫作“不 完全爆破“。 o/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/这6个爆破音中的任何两个音素 相邻时,前者发不完全爆破音,后者则要完全地。彻底 地进行爆破。如: lHe has a ba(d) col(d) today. lYou shoul(d) ta(k)e care of the children. Gla(d) to meet you. o爆破音/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/在/t /, /d /, /, /的前 面时不完全爆破。如: lHave you rea(d) the book abou(t) tha(t) child。 lThe thir(d) chair is broken. o爆破音/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/在/m/, /n/, /l/, /s/的前面 时不完全爆破。如: lGoo(d) morning, sir. lGoo(d) night. lThey are very frien(d)ly to us. o注意:不完全爆破可以发生在单词。短语或句子中。 Practice beach bitch ship sheep great greet get fat best back laugh love port pot food good cheek chick sit set Jinny Jennny pen pain let late letter later house horse fire fair word world like lack cat kite lit late stick steak shot shout hop hope fear fur wear wire luck lock sing thing faith face bath bus vest west light night driver travel measure yard fill fail oVery well, very well, very well . oA big black bug bit a big black bear and made the big black bear bleed blood. oNo need to light a night light on a light night like tonight. oShe sells seashells on the seashore. The seashells she sells are seashore seashells. oGreat Greek grape