高考英语时态和语态.ppt

动词动词谓语动词谓语动词 时态时态 、语态语态 虚拟语拟语 气 非谓语动谓语动 词词 不定式 动动名词词 分词词 现现在分词词 过过去分词词 动词的分类 语态语态 时态时态 主动动被动动 一般现现在时时v. /v.sam /is /are + done 一般过过去时时V+edwas / were + done 一般将来时时will + v.will be + done 过过去将来时时would + v.would be + done 过过去完成时时had + donehad been + done 现现在完成时时have /has + donehave /has been + done 将来完成时时will have + donewill have been + done 现现在进进行时时am /is / are + doingam /is /are + being + done 过过去进进行时时was /were + doing was /were + being + done 最常用的几种时态时态 与时间时间 状语语的搭配 一般现现在every , sometimes, on Sundays 现现在进进行now 现现在完成for, since, so far, ever, never, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past years, recently 一般过过去yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now 过过去进进行this morning, the whole morning, all day, at eight yesterday, from nine to ten last evening when, while 过过去完成before, by, until, when, after, once, as soon as 一般将来next, tomorrow, in 过过去将来多用在间间接引语语中表示发发生在谓语动谓语动 作以后的 动动作 1)经常性或习惯性的动作 1. I _ ping-pong quite well, but I havent had time to play since the new year. A .will play B. have played C. played D. play 2.-_my glasses ? -Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago. A. Do you see B. Had you seen C. would you see D. Have you seen 一般现在时的用法 一般现在时的用法 2)客观真理，科学事实或格言警句 Knowledge begins with practice. She said that the sea water is salty. In some parts of the world, such as in England , tea _ with milk and sugar. A .is serving B. serves C. is served D. served 一般现在时的用法 3）按时刻表将要发生的事。句中有时有将来的时间状 语，但不用将来时。主语通常是车，船，飞机等 The train leaves at three this afternoon. 4）在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，用一般 现在时代替一般将来时。 If it is fine tomorrow ,we will go to the countryside. -Put these glasses away before they _. -OK. Ill put them in the cupboard. A. have broken B. are breaking C. get broken D. will be broken Ive brought my tennis things along in case we _ time for a game tomorrow. A. shall have B. have C. will have D. are going to have -Can I drive on the free way, Mr Green? -You can when you _ a bit more skilled. A. will get B. are getting C. will have got D. get 一般过去时的用法 1）表示过去发生的，和现在没有联系的动作或状态 1.-Look! Someone has spilt coffee on the carpet. -Well , it _ me. A. isnt B. wasnt C. hasnt been D. hadnt been 2.-Ive bought a box of chocolates for our daughter. -Oh, how good a dad! But she doesnt like sweet things. _ that? A. Dont you know B. Havent you known C. Didnt you know D. Hadnt you known 一般过去时的用法 注意：一般过去时与过去进行时的区别 一般过去时表示一个完成的动作，而过去进 行时则表示一个没有完成且正在进行的动作。 I wrote a letter this morning. 今天上午我写了一封信。（信已写完） I was writing a letter this morning. 今天上午我在写一封信。（正在写，不一定写 完） 1.-Has Tommy finished his job yet? -I have no idea of it ; he _ it this morning. A. was doing B. had been doing C. has done D. did 2.As she _ the newspaper, Granny _asleep. A . read, was falling B. was reading ,fell C. was reading, was falling D. read ,fell 3.All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness_. A. has grown B. is growing C. grew D. had grown 4.-Im sorry , I shouldnt have been so rude to you. -You _ your temper but thats OK. A. have lost B. had lost C. did lose D. were losing. 一般将来时 1 .一般将来时表示计划、打算、企图做某事或 来注定要发生的事情。 2 .表示将来时的几种形式 will /shall +动词原形 be going to do be about to do(正要干什么) be to do be going to 有很强的计划性，打算干什么，而 will表示谈话时临时决定的意图，具有临时性和偶 然性。 1） -The telephone is ringing. -I _ answer it. will B. am going to C. am to D. am about to 2） -Alice, why didnt you come yesterday? -I _, but I had an unexpected visitor. A. had B. would C. was going to D. did be going to 可用来表达某种迹象要发生的事。而 will 不能表示 Look at the clouds! Its going to rain. 3. be to 和 be going to 表示约定、计划或职责、义务要求即将发生的动 作。 be to do 安排将要干什么，有很强的计划性，有 时=be going to be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事. be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。 I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 4be about to do 表示“正要干什么 ” 表示即将发生的动作，不与表示将来的时 间状语连用。 常与when 连用，when 此时意思： 就在这 时，是并列连词 be about to do when. I was about to leave when it rained. 注意 （1）一般现在时表示将来，特别用于车、船、飞机等 时刻表中安排好的。 The plane leaves tomorrow. （2）某些瞬间动词 go, come, arrive ,leave ,start, begin, fly, take 等用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。 Ive won a holiday for two to Florid. I _my mum. A. am taking B. have taken C. take D. will have been 现在进行时 1表示说话时正在进行而尚未完成的动作或状 态。 2表示现阶段一直在进行的动作 ，但说话时不 一定正在进行。 I dont really work here. Im helping until the new secretary comes. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology_ so rapidly. A. will have changed B. has changed C. is changing D. will change -Ann works very hard. -In fact. I think she_ now. A.studied B.is studying C.studies D. will stud Please call again. Jim _ a bath now. A. has had B. was having C. is having D. has My money _. I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out before Ive none in hand. A.has run out B. is running out C.has been run out D.is being run out I can guess you were in a hurry. You _ your sweater inside out. A. had worn B. wore C. are wearing D. were wearing 特殊用法： 现在进行时可以表示一般将来时，常用 于下列动词：go ,come, leave, begin, arrive ,return, fly, drive，take等。 Were moving to the new building next week. 现在进行时与always, continually , constantly, never 等连用，表示厌恶或 赞扬的感情色彩。 You are always forgetting the important things. 1.You _things about . Look, what a mess in you room! A. always throw B. have always thrown C. are always throwing D. have always been thrown 2.You _ television. Why not do something more active? A. always watch B. are always watching C. have always watched D. have always been watching 3有些词不用于进行时态：表示“存在、所 有、知觉、认应付，感情”等状态 存在： keep ,stay , remain , be, consist of 所有： have ,belong to , possess, own , hold 知觉： sound， look /seem /appear ， smell, taste, feel , see , hear 认识： understand, know, suppose, remember, admit, forget, believe, think 情感：like, love, hate , prefer 过去进行时 1表示 过去某一时间正进行的动作 。通常有 时间状语（从句），或由上下文表示。 1.-Hey ,look where you are going? -Oh, Im terribly sorry ._. A. Im not noticing B. I dont noticing C.I havent noticing D.I wasnt noticing 2.-Hey ,what did I say? -I _. A.Im not listening B.I was not listening C. I dont listened D. I didnt listen 2 表示 过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作，但 这个动作可以完，也可以不一定完成。 -Why werent you at the meeting? -I _ for a long distance call from my father in Australia. A. waited B. was waiting C. had waited D. have been Good heavens ! There you are ! We _ anxious about you . We _ you back much earlier all through the night. A. are , expect B. were, had expected C. will be ,are expecting D. have been ,were expecting 3.在简单句中有at that time, then , this time yesterday / last week, at 10 oclock last night 等具体的时间状语 用过去进行时态。 I first met Lisa three years ago . She _ at a radio shop at the time. has worked B. was working C. had been working D. had worked Practice 1. Look! How wonderful my car is! Oh, Jack. What are you thinking about? Dont you like it? Im sorry I _ any remark about it in time. I certainly think its smart. A. wasnt making B. dont make C. wont make D. didnt make 2. To find the street where I lived in my childhood is no easy task because the city _ so rapidly all these years. A. is changing B. has changed C. will have changed D. will change 3. He _ quite well, but