高口翻译用三大战略应对三大挑战(详细分析).doc

用三大战略应对三大挑战Three strategies to cope with three challenges练习译文&标准译文翻译技巧&说明一个13亿人口的大国要实现和平崛起，绝非易事。It is undoubtedly not a easy task for a country of 1.3 billion population to achieve its peaceful rise.It is anything but easypeople绝非易事 it is anything but easy =its by no means easy=its far from easy=its not easy at all实现（和平崛起）achieve目前，就经济和社会发展而言，中国面临三大挑战：At present, over the matter of economic and social development, China is in face of three following major challenges.At present, China faces three major challenges in its economic and social development.第一个是资源特别是能源的挑战。The first major challenge lies in resources, energy resources in es from the shortage of是 come from= be from=be posed by “资源”在这里指“资源短缺”，翻译时必须指出。中国人均资源占有量在世界排在后列；同时，由于发展速度快而科技水平低，中国制造业的资源消耗尤其是能耗却排在世界前列。Chinese per capita hold of resources is one of the lowest among the whole world, while due to Chinas rapid development and low level of science and technology, the resource consumption, especially energy consumption of Chinese manufacturing industry is among the largest in the world, which leads to a shortage of resources, especially energy resources.China lags behind the world in terms of per capita hold of resources. Meanwhile, due to the fast speed of our economic development coupled with the low level of science and technology, Chinas manufacturing industry is among the most energy-consuming in the world.排在后列 lag behind in terms of=rank at the bottom=rank at the end of the list=placed at the bottom排在前列 among the most .=rank at the top of the list= rank among the best= rank among the top而（并列） coupled with遇到数量多少的时候，可以转化成相关的形容词表示这就使得资源特别是能源短缺。Consequently, resources in China, especially energies, have been in tight supply.短缺 in tight supply第二个是生态环境的挑战。The second major challenge lies in ecological environment. is from“生态环境的挑战”实际上指的是“来自生态环境的挑战”或“由生态环境构成的挑战”环境污染严重、生态状况恶化、资源耗费巨大、回收率低而导致环境破坏等问题，已成为中国经济保持可持续发展的瓶颈。Environmental deterioration caused by severe pollution, deteriorated ecological conditions, massive consumption of resources and low reclamation has become a bottleneck against the continuous development of Chinese economy.The serious environmental problem deterioratinghugefor the sustainable 第三个是在经济与社会发展过程中的一系列失衡问题的挑战。 The third major challenge is a series of problems that occurred in the unbalanced development of Chinese economy and society.is posed by a string of imbalances in economic and social development因此，我们既要使GDP持续快速增长，又要加快社会建设步伐，既要注重公平、缩小差距，又要保持活力、提高效率。To tackle these problems, we must maintain a rapid growth of our GDP and at the same time quicken the process of social construction with great attention paid to fairness when narrowing the gap, maintaining the vigor of economic development and improving our efficiency.Because of this, we need to balance the rapid and continuous GDP growth rate against the pace of social construction. And balance emphasis on equality and narrowing down gaps against efforts to maintain vitality and enhance efficiency in economic activity.注重公平 emphasis on equality缩小差距 narrow down gaps保持活力 maintain vitality提高效率 enhance efficiency分析小句的关系可发现其是相互平衡的关系，所以用balance against 面对这三大挑战，中国的应对之策可归结为三大战略： Chinas policy in response to three major challenges mentioned above is as follows.In the face of these three major challenges, China s response to them can be summed up in the following three major strategies.第一大战略，是超越旧式工业化道路，继续推进新型工业化。 First of all, we will abandon the old-style approach of industrialization and continue with and further implement the new-style one.The first is not to follow the old industrialization model but instead, continue to push forward along the new industrialization road.超越 transcend=not to follow= avoid旧式工业化道路 old industrialization model新型工业化道路 new industrialization road继续推进（道路） continue to push forward (along road)中国的发展如果沿袭高投入、高消耗、高污染的旧式工业化道路是不可行的。It is impossible for China to develop itself by relying on the old-style approach of industrialization characterized by high input, high consumption and high pollution.Should China follow the old pattern of high input, high consumption and high pollution, it cannot but be the dead end of Chinas economy.如果 Should.如果是不行的 Should. it cannot but be the dead end of不可行 unfeasible= it will be a dead end for.= there is no way for道路 pattern/model高投入 high input高消耗 high consumption高污染 high pollution中国下决心走出一条科技含量高、经济效益好、资源消耗低、环境污染少、人力资源优势得到充分发挥的新型工业化道路。Instead, China has made her mind to find out a new-style approach of industrialization characterized by high technology content, high economic returns, low resource consumption, and low environmental pollution, in which Chinas labor resource advantage could be fully developed.For this reason, China is determined to blaze a new road in industrialization characterized by high technology content, good economic returns, low energy consumption, minimum environmental pollution, and full use of labor resources.走出道路 blaze a new road in 科技含量高high technology content经济效益好good economic returns资源消耗低low energy consumption,环境污染少minimum environmental pollution人力资源优势得到充分发挥full use of labor resources新型工业化道路 a new road in industrialization characterized by 第二大战略，是超越世界近代以来新兴大国传统的崛起之路和以意识形态划线的冷战思维，继续积极参与经济全球化。 The second, we will abandon the traditional approach adopted by emerging great powers in modern history as well as the Cold War mentality which divided the world into two parties according to their ideology. Instead, we will keep on with our active participation in economic globalization. The second is to avoid not only the conventional development model of emerging big powers in modern world history, but also the Cold War mentality that draws the line between friends and enemies on ideological basis, continuing to stay engaged in the economic globalization process.传统的 conventional新兴大国 emerging big powers冷战思维 Cold War mentality以意识形态划线 draws the line between friends and enemies on ideological basis参与 stay engaged in中国不走一战时的德国、二战时的德国和日本那种以暴力手段去掠夺资源谋求世界霸权的道路；也不走二战后那种冷战对峙、称霸争霸的道路。China will never adopt brutal means in seek of global hegemony as Germany did during World Warand both Germany and Japan did during World War , neither will China launch a Cold War in order to achieve global hegemony.China will neither follow the approach of Germany and Japan, both of whom sought world domination in the First and Second World Wars by looting resources around the world by force, nor will it take the post-World-War- Cold-War confrontational approach in the power struggle for world hegemony.世界霸权 world domination/hegemony对峙 confrontation走道路 take approach在经济全球化进程中，中国将一方面借鉴乃至引进其他国家各种有益成果，另一方面依靠自己建设有中国特色的社会主义，最终走向和平崛起。During the process of economic globalization, China will on the one hand, learn experience or even import beneficial practices from other countries, on the other, rely on itself to construct a socialist society of Chinese characteristics, and therefore achieve its peaceful rise.Rather, in participating in the economic globalization process, China will, on the one hand, draw upon and even take in various kinds of achievements from other countries, and, on the other, rely upon itself in building a socialistic country with Chinese characteristics, eventually heading toward the peaceful rise of the nation.借鉴，利用 draw upon引进 take in引进其他国家各种有益成果 take in various kinds of achievements from other countries依靠自己 rely upon oneself in doing sth建设由中国特色的社会主义 build a socialistic society with Chinese characteristics走向 head toward 第三大战略，是超越不合时宜的社会治理模式，致力于构建和谐社会。 The third, we will abandon the out-of-date public governance model, and instead, make an all-out effort to build a harmonious society. The third strategy is to transcend the anachronistic public governance model and commit itself to the build-up of a harmonious society.不合时宜的，过时的 anachronistic社会治理模式 public governance model致力于 commit oneself to sth构建和谐社会 build-up of a harmonious society面对中国过在改革开放中出现的活力与失范并存、效率与失衡同在的新问题，中国领导层着眼于构建政府调控机构，提高执政水平、改进社会服务。In order to tackle the co-existence of vitality and disorder and the co-existence of efficiency and imbalance which arose during the process of reform and opening-up, Chinese government has been addressing great emphasis on constructing a governmental economic interventional institution, as well as developing governments governance ability and improving social service.Faced with the new problems cropping up during the opening up period of vitality coexisting with disorder and efficiency running alongside imbalance, the Chinese government is now focusing its effort on framing a governmental regulatory mechanism so as to enhance governance capability and improve public service.出现 crop up活力与失范并存 coexistence of vitality and disorder= vitality coexisting with disorder效率与失衡同在 coexistence of efficiency and imbalance= efficiency coexisting with imbalance着眼于 focus ones effort on构建 frame政府调控机构 governmental regularoty mechanism提高 enhance（政府）执政水平 governance capacity 中国在21世纪上半叶的这三大战略，归结起来，其要义就是坚持对外和平、对内和谐。In short, the essence of Chinas major strategies in the first half of 21st century is to deal with foreign affairs peacefully and domestic affairs harmoniously.maintain peaceful relationship with the outside world and build a harmonious society at home.对外和平 maintain a peaceful relationship with the outside world