成人本科学位英语阅读训练.docVIP

Save Your Big PoundsGreat books at big, big savings.Yes! Thats what you get with this big-value introduction to World Books. Choose any four of the books shown here from as little as 25p each, plus a total of $ 1.95 towards postage and packing and you could save as much as $ 97 on the publishers prices.A great deal more for a whole lot less!With World Books youll go on saving $s as a member. Each month your free magazine is packed with popular books at huge savings. The Editors Choice is often HALF the publishers price, and its always a best seller by a top author. There are also dozens of other super books - fact and fiction - at never less than 25 per cent off publishers price, sometimes up to as much as 50 per cent. Great choice great authors and savings all the way.With World Books You are spoilt for choice. All todays favorite authors, all their biggest bestsellers. The latest on cookery, gardening and other popular hobbies. Books to entertain your children, and to help older ones with their homework and school project. Atlases, dictionaries and encyclopedias. Books full of timesaving, money saving tips. And many more all at savings youll find very hard to beat!In return for your great introductory savings and the big discounts youll enjoy as a member, all we ask is that you choose at least one book a month during your first sis months. After, its up to you how many, or how few, you choose.See the books at home but send no money now.Pick your introductory books and write their numbers in the boxes on the coupon.（优惠券）But please dont send any money now. Look at the books at home first and see for yourself the value youre getting!46. The passage is an advertisement for _.A.a publishing companyB.a mail order clubC.a city libraryD.a street book store47. One of the many features of World Books is _.A.discounts are often 80 per cent.B.There are more benefits the longer you belong to the clubC.You have chances to win large pricesD.You get a free magazine48. World Books seems to appeal mostly to _.A.average familiesB.science fiction loversC.people with academic interestsD.such people as pop singers or baseball fans49. First year members of World Books _.A.have to buy books each monthB.must buy more than six books in the yearC.are entitles to a number of free booksD.have to buy a minimum number of books50. How can members receive their special offer?A.By competing a printed form.B.By writing an application letter to World BooksC.By filling your coupons into boxes.D.By sending a personal checks.答案及分析：1.B分析：该题考察考生推理判断的能力。原文中有种种迹象表明World Book是一个邮购书的俱乐部。如：第二段提到了plus a total of $1.95 towards postage and packing我们知道postage(邮资)和packing(包裹)都是邮寄物品时才用到的词。从第三段的第二句话也可以看出来。2.D分析：此题考察的是细节。答案就在上题中提到的第三段第二句话。另外也可以用排除法：A提到了折扣，课文提到的是never less than 25 per cent,并不是选项中的often 80%. B, C都没有在文中提及，注意识别这类干扰项。3.A分析：此题考察考生判断推理的能力。大家可以看第五段第三句，这句话中提到：the lasted on cookery, gardening, and other popular hobbies,从这句话可以推断一般的家庭会对这些书籍感兴趣。4.D分析：此题有一定的难度。我们采取排除法。A的错误之处在于并不是每个月，而是千半年的每个月；B这种情况不一定，假设前半年每个月至少买一本书（all we ask is that you choose at least one book a month during your first six months）,有可能以后每个月都不买（after, its up to you how many, or how few, you choose）,也就是说不买也是允许的，如果是这种情况，这一年买的书就不是more than 6了；D属于典型的无中生有的干扰项，文中并未提及。所以D是正确选项。意思是：World Book的会员在第一年一定要买够最低限度的书。5.B分析：这又是一个细节题。从最后一段第一句可以找到答案。Fighting Against Water For centuries Dutch engineers have been fighting a war against water. Their main enemy is the sea. A large part if the country is below sea level. In fact, Holland is also called the “Netherlands” which means “low land.” Very tall and strong walls, called dykes, have built to keep out the sea. But in very rough weather the sea may suddenly burst through a dyke. Great damage can be caused by floods when this happens. Three large rivers are also part of the problem. These rivers are the Rhine, the Maas and the Scheldt. They flow through Holland into the North Sea. They have cut many passages across the country. At low tides, the rivers flow into the sea as usual. But at high tide, the sea can flow into the rivers! This is because the land is so low. The battles against the water never end, but they have made Holland a bigger and bigger country. In order to prevent floods, the engineers take, or reclaim, land that was under water. The Dutch have been reclaiming land for seven hundred years. Land is usually reclaimed from a passage between islands. Two dykes are built across the passage, so they block the water between them. Then the engineers dig long canals and pump the water into them. At low tide, the canals empty the water into the sea. Because the land is so low, water from the sea and rivers can rise up through the ground. For this reason, the pumps continue working even the land has been drained (that is, when the water has been pumped away). The dykes contain gates, and through these the water is pumped out. In many parts of Holland, pumps must be working all the time. If they stopped, there will be very bad floods. A piece of reclaimed land is called polder, and Holland has thousands of polders. Some are very large, but others are quite small. There are farms on many of the polders. Corn and other crops grow well on the drained land, and it gives good grass for cattle. Many small towns and villages stand on polders. Even Amsterdams great airport, Schiphol, was built on reclaimed land. This land used to be under the old Lake Haarlem. 1. Water is the main threat to Holland because _.A. the sea is too roughB. the land is lower than the seaC. the high and strong dykes can not keep the floods outD. the weather is too rough 2. “Netherlands” means _.A. high landB. land of waterC. low landD. land of dykes 3. Holland is threatened not only by the sea, but also by _.A. the floods from broken dykesB. the three riversC. the sea tidesD. many passages the three rivers have cut across the country 4. The Holland claim land from the sea in order to _.A. prevent floodsB. make their country largerC. make their country more beautifulD. have more farmland 5. If pumps stop working there will be very floods because _.A. the water will run back at high tideB. the sea may break the dykes in rough weatherC. the battle against water will never endD. the land is too low and water can rise up through the drained land 6. The word “polder” means _.A. a piece of newly-claimed landB. a small islandC. a newly built dykeD. a long canal 内容提示与分析： 本文主要介绍了荷兰人与洪涝灾害斗争的情况。第一段讲述荷兰大部分地区的海拔都在海平面以下，所以经常遭洪灾，损失惨重。第二段讲述三条大河也是一大问题。第三段讲述荷兰人通过占有或重新收回水下的土地来扩大领土。第四段讲述荷兰人如何重新收回水下的土地。第五段讲述水泵必须不停的工作，以确保荷兰的安全。第六段讲述重新收回的土地（即开拓地）起着重要的作用。 答案及分析： 1. B 分析：第一段中提到：Their main enemy is the sea. A large part of the country is below sea level.他们主要的敌人就是海洋。国家大部分地区都在海平面以下。故答案为B. 2. C 分析: 第一段中提到： Netherland which means “low land”.由此可以得出结论，所以选C. 3. B 分析: 第二段开头提到：Three large rivers are also part of the problem.三条大河也是一个问题。所以选B 4. B 分析: 第三段开头提到：The battle against the water never end, but they have made Holland a bigger and bigger county.与洪水的斗争一直没有停，但这使荷兰成为越来越大的国家。所以选B. 5. D 分析：第五段开头提到：Because the land is so low, water from the sea and rivers can rise up through the ground. 选项D正是这句话的改写。 6. A 分析: 最后一段提到：A piece of reclaimed land is called polder.重新收回的土地叫开拓地。所以答案是A.A Good Couple Supports Each OtherRodney Mace, 35, is married with two young children, and is a part-time teacher of architectural history, “I amconstantlysurprised by other peoples surprise, when they come to the house andsee me cleaninga floor or hanging out the washing. Their eyes open wideat the sight ofit! Much of thecommentcomes from men. But I am even more surprised at the number of women who comment too.”His wife Jane, an Oxford graduate in modern languages, has ademandingfull-time job. She is director of the Cambridge House literacy scheme for adults in South London. Her working weekinvolvesseveral evenings and Saturdays, and at these times her husband isin sole charge ofhome and family.Apart fromthis, they share household jobs and employ a child-minder for the afternoons. This enables him to teach two days a week and to do what he considers hisprincipalwork: writing. He has written several books and spends much of his time in British Museum Reading Room, cycling there from his home in Brixton.People ask the Maces if they think their children miss them. One can argue that satisfied parents generally have satisfied children, butin any casethe Maces are careful toreservetime and energy to play with their children. “And they have now developed relationships with other adults and children.”Previously, Rodney Mace worked full-time and Jane only part-time. Then 18 months ago, the director of the literacy scheme left. “It seems to me that Janewas very well suited to dothis job. Shewas very doubtful aboutit. But I urged her to apply. She did and she got it.” Jane Maceconfirmsthat she needed this encouragement, as so many womeninitiallydo,Did his male ego(自我，自己)suffer fromthe change-over? Nothing like thatoccurred. But he stillseems amazed atthe way it changed his thinking. “I felt that we were finally going to be partners. I felt enormous relief, I wasnt avoiding responsibility, but changing it. Our relationship is so much better now. It has been a change for the good for both of us in every aspect, I think it isfundamentalthat the woman works. The idea of equal partnership is anillusionif one partner doesnt work.”1.The article is about a couple whose married life is happier because_.A.they have a truly equal partnershipB.the husband enjoy staying at homeC.they earn more moneyD.the wife has a full-time job2.Jane finally decided to apply for her present job because_.A.she thought she had better qualification than othersB.her husband persuaded her toC.it was very well paidD.some of her friends encouraged her to3.It is implied the passage that_.A.The Maces believe a good career is even more important than their family lifeB.Rodneys children are quite happy with their position in the familyC.Even capable women sometimes need encouragement from their familiesD.The practice of sharing household jobs between husband and wife is commonplace in London4.We can infer from this passage that a changeover of roles in the family _.A.is quite necessary in modern lifeB.is probably based onsome practical reasonsC.aims solely at a completeemancipationof womenD.shows women arenot necessarilyinferior tomen5.Which of the following statements is true?A.Most Englishmen think that a husband should do more housework than a wife.B.In London the traditional idea about the sex role at home has been completely changed.C.Many Englishmen and Englishwomen still take it for granted that women are mainly in charge of home and family.D.English people believe that men should take more responsibilities for housework.答案及分析：1A分析：该题考察考生理解主旨要义的能力。要想答好此题，必须对全文内容有清晰的了解。2B分析：该题考察考生获取具体信息的能力。答案可在倒数第二段中获得。这是本讲当中的重点，大家可以以此题为例体会一下这个题型。只要没有错过具体信息，做到此题时准确找到问题的出处，出错的可能性不大。3C分析：该题考察考生推理，判断的能力。将在下一讲中提到。推理的基础是对全文的正确理解。4B分析：该题还是考察考生的推理判断能力。5C分析：该题还是考察考生的推理判断能力。Mary Katherine Goddard and Declaration of IndependenceIf you look closely at some of the early copies of the Declaration of Independence, beyond the flourished signature of John Hancock and the other 55 men who signed it, you will also find the name of one woman, Mary Katherine Goddard. It was she, a Baltimore printer, who published the first official copies of the Declaration, the first copies that included the names of its signers and therefore heralded(宣布，预示)the support of all thirteen colonies.Mary Goddard first got into printing at the age of twenty-four when her brother opened a printing shop in Providence, Rhode Island, in 1762. When her proceeded to get into trouble with his partners and creditors, it was Mary Goddard and her mother who were left to run the shop. In 1765 they began publishingThe Providence Gazette, a weekly newspaper. Similar problems seemed to follow her brother as he opened businesses in Philadelphia and again in Baltimore. Each time Ms. Goddard was brought in to run the newspapers. After starting Baltimores first newspaper,The Maryland Journal, in 1773, her brother went broke trying to organize a colonial postal service. While he was in debtors prison, Mary Katherine Goddards name appeared in the newspapers masthead (报头) for the first time.When the Continental Congress fled there from Philadelphia in 1776, it commissioned Ms. Goddard to print the first official version of the Declaration of Independence in January 1777. After printing the documents, she herself paid the post riders to deliver the Declaration throughout the colonies.During the American Revolution, Mary Goddard continued to publish Baltimores only newspaper, which one historian claimed was “second to none among the colonies.” She was also the citys postmaster from 1775 to 1789 - appointed by Benjamin Franklin and is considered to be the first woman to hold a federal position.46.With which of the following subjects is the passage mainly concerned?A.The accomplishment of a female publisher.B.The weaknesses of the newspaper industry.C.The rights of a female publisher.D.The publishing system in colonial America.47.Mary Goddards name appears on the Declaration of Independence because_.A.She helped write the original documentB.She published the documentC.She paid to have the document printedD.Her brother was in prison48.According to the passage, Mary Goddard first became involved in publishing when she _.A.was appointed by Benjamin FranklinB.signed the Declaration of IndependenceC.took over her brothers printing shopD.moved to Baltimore49.The word “there” in paragraph 3 refers to_.A.the coloniesB.the print shopC.BaltimoreD.Providence50.It can be inferred from the passage that Mary Goddard was _.A.an accomplished businesswomanB.extremely wealthyC.a member of the Continental CongressD.a famous writer内容提示与分析：作为独立宣言重签名的唯一女性，玛丽为美国的独立做出了独特的贡献。本文叙述了她一生的经历从偶然进入出版界道到创办巴尔的摩的第一份报纸，从勇敢的印刷第一份官方版本的独立宣言到美国历史上首位拥有联邦公职的女性，这些无不显示了她超人的能力与远见，纵览她一生的奋斗史，她的确无愧于“殖民地中第一人”的赞誉。答案与分析：56. A分析：本题考察了对全文的理解。开始从独立宣言的签名引出了玛丽的不平凡，然后介绍她创办报纸，印刷独立宣言，最后担任市邮政局局长。文章并没有介绍权力。出版系统的状况，也没有介绍出版工业的状况，故答案为A.57. B分析：本题有些隐蔽性。原文第二段最后说While he was in debtors prison, Mary Katherine Goddards name appeared in the newspapers masthead (报头) for the first time.这说明在弟弟入狱后，她代替他继续经营报业，所以应选B，文章根本没有谈到撰写文章，付钱等事，所以A, C不符合题意，而D没有发掘出背后的信息。故答案为B。58. C分析：答案为第二段最后一句话，由for the first time可以知道答案，A, B所提到的事是在后期才做的，所以不合适，故答案为C。59. C分析：由第一段可以知道，玛丽印刷独立宣言，由第二段可以知道，他的印刷工作都在巴而的摩进行。A, B, D在文中都没有提到。故答案为C。60. A分析：第一段只是提到她是签名人之一，并没有说她是议员，所以C不对，也不能确定她是不是有钱，有名。从她的行为和成就看，可以肯定的是：她是一位取得了巨大成就的商业女性，故答案为A.Poverty in Different CountriesIn the United States during 1992, any family of four with an annual cash income of less than $ 14, 335 (before taxes) was considered poor. The dollar amount was called the poverty line, an economic measuring rod devised in 1964. The line was set at three times the amount needed to provide the cheapest nutritionally balanced diet. The poverty line is adjusted annually for inflation.While the poverty line in the United States was more than $ 14, 000, the average annual per-person income in Bangladesh was $ 200, in Ethiopia $ 130, in Haiti $340, and In Mali 4 265. Anyone in those nations with an income of $ 14, 000 would be considered wealthy. During the Great Depression in the United States, when half the population was considered poor, a family with an income at the 1992 poverty line could afford to buy a house, a car, clothing and food.The reality of poverty varies with location and social and political conditions. Poverty basically means a lack of, or an insufficient amount of, the three primary physical needs- food, clothing, and shelter. But for poverty to be recognized, it must exist alongside prosperity. Before the discovery of the New World, the American Indians would not have considered themselves poor, though they lived with only the bare necessities and a few handmade artifacts(人工制品).The severity of poverty varies, depending on the economic vitality of the nation in which it occurs. In the modern industrialized societies of Western Europe, North America, and Japan, there are many government services provided to ease poverty - including free medical care and subsidized housing. The homeless of New York City and Los Angeles can usually find some shelter and a mission offering free meals.46.You would be considered poor in America if _.A.You are out of a job.B.You earn less than three times the amount needed to provide the cheapest diet.C.You earn less than $ 14, 335 (before taxes) per year.D.The amount of money you earn is below the current poverty line.47.The average annual cash income per person before taxes in the USA in 1992 was _.A. more than $ 14, 000B. $200C.$14,335D. a