商务英语重点(翻译版).docVIP

Guidelines for the Final Examination of Business English指导方针的最终考试商务英语 2011 Fall Semester2011秋季学期（所有翻译均是按原文使用百度翻译的，基本都能知道大概意思）1. Scope1。范围The content for the final examination will cover units 1-13 of the textbook, splitting into seven parts: True/False questions, blanks filling, multiple choices, Chinese/English translations, reading comprehension, and short-essay writing. Students are required to go over the texts/questions of listening task, speaking task (the first dialogue only), and reading task of each unit, as well as the notes or minutes taken from the class. For the writing tasks, students need know to write business letters and memos in formal format and etiquette as well as resume or curriculum vitae (CV). With provided information, students should be ready to write a short business letter or memo, or organize the information for a business presentation.内容为最后的考试将盖单位1 - 13的教材，分为七个部分：真/假问题，空白的填补，多种选择，中文/英文翻译，阅读理解，写作和short-essay。要求学生在文本/问题听力任务，任务（第一次对话只），和阅读任务的各单位，以及笔记或分钟从班。为写作任务，学生需要知道写商业信函和备忘录，正式的格式和礼仪以及简历或履历（简历）。提供的信息，学生应该准备写一个简短的商务信函、备忘录，或组织信息的一个业务介绍。2. Time2。时间The time length for the final is 120 minutes or two hours, and the date of the final is currently scheduled on the first date of the 18th week of this semester. Please check the OA frequently for the notice.最后的时间长度是120分钟或2小时，和日期的最后目前预定在第一次约会，本学期的第十八周。请检查炎频繁的通知。3. The following portions list the focuses or questions for students to prepare for the final examination.3。以下部分列出重点或问题的学生准备考试。I. Vocabulary & Expressions我的词汇与表达Review vocabulary & notes of each unit. Generally understand vocabulary extension and language focus.审查的词汇和注释每一单元。一般理解词汇和语言焦点。II. Questions for main concepts and ideas 。问题的主要概念和思想 ( Listening, Speaking, Reading & Writing Tasks)（听力，口语，阅读和写作任务）1.What do you know about foreign trade or international business?1。你知道什么是对外贸易、国际商务？2.Can you give some tips as advice for job interview?2。你能给一些提示建议求职面试？3.Why do you need to do some research before an interview? 3。你为什么要做一些研究之前，面试吗？4.What is meant by good interview etiquette? 4。什么是良好的面试礼仪？5.Why is it necessary for a job candidate to prepare some questions?5。为什么是必要的一个求职者准备一些问题吗？6.When someone describes his company, what information do you think they should provide?6。当某人描述他的公司，什么样的信息，你认为他们应该提供？- Companys name 公司的名字Time for establishment 时间设置Size and location大小和位置Main business activities主要业务活动Main customers Last years total sales 主要客户去年的总销售额Other necessary information其他必要的信息7.What is the purpose of business reports?7。创业的目的是什么报告？8.What is the general format of a memo?8。什么是通用格式的备忘录吗？9.Before making a business travel, what preparations should be made?9。在商务旅行，应作什么准备？10.What does an itinerary generally include?10。什么是一个行程一般包括？11.What is a meeting agenda? 11。什么是会议议程？12.Why is a written agenda used for a meeting?12。为什么书面议程用于会议？13.What items are included in an agenda? / Do you know the structure of an agenda? 13。什么项目被列入议程？/你知道的结构，一个议程？14.What is the format of minutes of a meeting? 14。是什么格式会议纪要？15.What is a presentation?15。是什么表现？16.What should a presentation generally consist? / What does an effective presentation structure include? 16。什么应该表现一般组成？什么有效的演示结构包括？17.How do you make an effective beginning of an oral presentation? 17。你如何建立一个有效的开始口头报告？18.Why is it important for international business people to understand business etiquette?18。为什么是重要的国际商务人士了解商务礼仪？19.Can you give some examples of improper business etiquette?19。你能举些例子不当的商务礼仪？20.What does business etiquette revolve around?20。什么是商务礼仪转动吗？21.Do you think it is important for international business people to take cross cultural negotiation training? Why or why not?21。你认为这是重要的国际商务人士采取跨文化谈判的培训？为什么或为什么不？22.Do you know the following terms of enquiry, offer, a firm offer, counter offer, quote, CIF, FOB, commission, terms of payment, letter of credit, offer without engagement, terms and conditions, an indication of price, a trial order, an exact market, a repeat order? 22。你知道下列条件的查询，提供，实盘报价，还价，离岸价，到岸价，委员会，支付方式，信用证，提供无接触，条款和条件，说明价格，审判秩序，一个准确的市场，一个重复顺序？23.Do you know some foreign currencies? 23。你知道一些外国货币？24.What are trade terms or price terms? 24。什么是贸易条款和价格条款？25.What does unit price comprise? 25。价格包括什么？26.When negotiating the price of a product, what are the key elements to be considered?26。谈判时的价格的产品，什么是关键因素加以考虑？27.Do you know the main modes of payment in international trade?27。你知道主要的支付方式，在国际贸易？28.Why should commodities be packed?28。为什么商品包装的？29.How are cargoes classified?29货物。如何分类？30.What are the main types of packing?30。什么是主要类型的包装？31.What are the main modes of shipment?31。什么是主要模式的？32.What are the advantages and disadvantages of each mode? 32。什么是优点和缺点每个模式？33.What are shipping instruction and shipping advice? 33。什么是航运和航运咨询？34.What may cause customers to make complaints?34。什么可能导致客户投诉？35.Do you know some common causes for complaints and claims in international trade? 35。你知道一些常见的投诉原因和索赔在国际贸易？36.Do you know how to write letters of complaints and adjustments?36。你知道如何写投诉信和调整？37.What is the difference between marketing and sales?37。之间的区别是什么营销和销售？38.What is the marketing mix? 38。什么是市场营销？39.What are referred to as the four Ps of marketing?39。什么是被称为四个“点”的营销？40.How do you understand the term “globalization?40。你怎么理解“全球化？41.What is a typical heading for a fax?41。什么是典型的标题为一个传真？42.What is E-commerce? How does it work?42。什么是电子商务？它是如何工作的？43.What are the benefits of E-commerce?43。什么是电子商务的好处？44.Whats the difference between E-commerce and E-business? 44。什么是电子商务和电子商务之间的区别？45.Do you know how to write an E-mail? 45。你知道如何写一封电子邮件吗？III. Writings三、著作Unit 11单元Curriculum Vitae (CV) 履历（简历） An account of a persons qualifications, interests and work experience, usually sent with an application for a job. The proper way to design a CV is to present the best image of yourself in accordance with the job requirements. Generally speaking, a CV should have no more than two pages. There are several standard CV formats. The most popular format usually contains the following components.考虑一个人的资格，利益和工作经验，通常会发送一个应用程序的工作。适当的设计方法是目前最好的形象，根据工作要求。一般来说，简历应该不超过2页。有几个标准简历格式。最流行的格式通常包含以下组件。1)Basic Personal Information1）个人基本信息2)Job Objective2）工作目标3)Education3）教育4)Work Experience4）工作经验5)Social Practice / Extracurricular Activities5）社会实践和课外活动6)Hobbies and Interests6）爱好和兴趣Application Letter (Cover Letter)申请信（信） A letter with a document or goods explaining the contents. Effective application letters explain the reasons for your interest in the specific organization and identify your most relevant skills or experiences. They normally contain faro parts in which you should:字母的文件或物品说明内容。有效运用字母解释的原因，你有兴趣的具体组织和确定最相关的技能和经验。他们通常包含在你的家： 1) confirm that you wish to apply and say where you learned abort the job;1）确认你想申请，说你在哪里学到中止工作； 2) say why you are interested in the position and relate your interest;2）为什么你对这个职位感兴趣并与你的兴趣； 3) show that you can contribute to the job by high lighting your most relevant skills and experience;3）表明，你可以有助于工作的高照明你最相关的技能和经验； 4) indicate your wiliness to attend an interview.4）表明你的意愿参加面试。Unit 2 2单元Business Report经营报告A business report conveys information to assist in decision-making. Some reports might present the actual solution to solve a business problem; other report might record historical information that will be useful to assist in future decision making. Here are some basic steps for you to follow when writing a business report.商务报告传达信息，协助决策。一些报告可能目前的实际解决办法来解决业务问题；其他报告可能有记录的历史信息，将是有益的，协助未来决策。这里有一些基本的步骤，你走的时候写商务报告。1) Planning the writing1）计划的写作2) Organizing the report into sections2）组织报告部分3) Revision3）修订Unit 3 3单元Memo (Memorandum) 备忘录（备忘录）A brief record written as an aid to the memory. It is used to describe the standard format of internal communication, which an organization uses for its own staff. 简要记录作为援助的记忆。它是用来描述的标准格式的内部沟通，其中一个组织使用自己的员工。Memos usually serve the following purposes: 备忘录通常为以下目的：lGive instructions or notify events which have occurred; l指示或通知事件发生；lSeek information; l寻求信息；lOffer ideas and suggestions. l提供意见及建议。The heading segment follows this general format: 标题一般格式如下这段：TO: 到：FROM:从：DATE:日期：SUBJECT: 主题：Unit 4 4单元Itinerary行程An account or record of a journey or proposed route of a journey. It is usually to be made, including the time to set out and return, the route of visit, the dwelling place, the main contents of visit, etc. 一个帐户或记录旅行或提出的行车路线。它通常被制成，包括时间出发和返回，路线参观，居住的地方，主要内容的访问，等等。Such an itinerary generally includes: 这样的行程一般包括：ltitle;l称号；ltime; l时间；lplace; l地方；lcontents of activities.l活动内容。Unit 55单元Meeting Agenda会议议程Meeting Agendas are a significant list that helps the chairperson to structure the meeting and the secretary or minute-taker to keep track of what is being discussed. 会议议程的一个重要清单，帮助主席结构的会议和秘书或minute-taker保持轨道在讨论什么。Agendas may vary in form. However, they should follow a structure and list standard items: 议程可能有不同的形式。然而，他们应该遵循的结构和标准项目列表：lwelcome any special visitors l欢迎任何特殊的客人lapologies for absence 没有l道歉lspecial event l特殊事件lconfirmation of minutes of the previous meetingl确认以往的会议记录lbusiness arising out of minutesl业务所产生的分钟lcorrespondence sent and receivedl对应的发送和接收lreportsl报告ladjourned businessl延期业务lgeneral business l一般业务lany other business l任何其他业务lclose of meeting l会议结束Minutes分钟Minutes of a meeting are the agreed record of discussion and decision made. The purpose of minute is to record permanently the proceedings of a meeting, as well as to provide a basis for action. 会议纪要是记录的讨论和决定同意。目的是永久记录会议决议，以及提供行动的基础。Unit 6 6单元Presentation介绍A presentation, in the broadest sense, is every encounter you have with every person you ever meet. More specifically, however, whenever you are asked to appear in front of one or more people for the purpose of explaining, educating, convincing, or otherwise conveying information to them, you have a presentation. 介绍，在最广泛的意义，是每一个遇到你与你遇到的每个人。更具体地说，然而，每当你被要求出现在前面的一个或多个人民为目的的解释，教育，说服，或以其他方式传送信息给他们，你有一个介绍。Structuring a well-organized presentation is your key to success. 构建一个组织良好的表现是你成功的关键。An effective presentation structure includes演讲的结构(1) an effective opening, （1）一个有效的开放，(2) a preview of the main points, （2）一个预览要点，(3) clearly demarcated main points, and （3）明确划定的主要观点，并(4) an effective closing.（4）一个有效的关闭。Unit7 第七单元Letters for Establishing Business Relations建立业务关系的信 In writing such a letter, the following contents should be included:写这样的信，以下内容应包括：lThe purpose of your letter;l写信的目的；lThe nature of your companys business: agent, exporter, importer or manufacturer;l性质的公司业务：代理，出口商，进口商或制造商；lThe business scope of your company and also the branches and liaison offices, if any;l贵公司的主要业务也有分公司和联络处，如果有任何；lThe reference as to your companys financial position and integrity;l参考作为贵公司的财务状况和完整性；lAs an exporter, you should describe emphatically the quality of your products;l作为出口商，你应该着重描述你的产品质量；lIf available, a brief introduction to your company, catalogue, price lists, etc. should be enclosed. l如果可用，简要介绍一下贵公司的目录，价格表，应封闭，等等。lAs an importer, what commodities you want to buy and sell and your sales potential as well;l作为进口商，什么商品你想买和卖你的销售潜力等；Unit 88单元Enquiries 询盘 An enquire is a letter you write to try to ask for more information concerning a product, service or other information about a product or service that interests you. 一个查询是一封信你写来要求更多的有关产品，服务或其他有关产品或服务的信息，你的利益。 When making an enquiry, keep it brief, specific, clear and to the point. 查询时，保持它简单，具体，明确的指出。 For a first enquiry, the following information should be included: 在第一次查询，要包括以下信息：lA brief mention of how you obtained your potential suppliers name; l简短提及你如何得到你潜在供应商的名称；lSome information of the demand in your area for the goods; l一些信息的需求在你的地区商品；lDetails of what you want to know, such as a catalogue, price list, a sample, a quotation, and so on.l细节你想知道的，比如一个目录，价目表，样品，报价，等等。Offers提供的An offer is a letter you respond to enquiries from potential customers. 一个提供信回应查询潜在客户。The best impression will be made by providing the materials or information the perspective client has asked for. This positive impression will be proved by a well written response.最好的印象将是由提供的材料或信息的角度客户要求。这种积极的印象将是证明了一个好的书面答复。Unit 99单元Counter-offer Letters 还盘信还盘信还盘信函A counter-offer letter is a letter when a buyer refuses to accept all or part of the terms and conditions made by the seller, and in the letter, the buyer will state his own terms and conditions to the seller. A counter-offer is really a new offer. 还盘信信是当买方拒绝接受全部或部分的条款和条件，由卖方，并在信中，买方将陈述自己的条款和条件下，卖方。真是一个新的报价还价。A satisfactory letter of a counter-offer should cover the following points: 一个令人满意的的还盘信应包括下列几点：lExpress the buyers thanks to the seller for the offer;l表示买方由于卖方报价；lExpress regret at the buyers inability to accept;l表示遗憾买方无法接受；lMake a counter-offer if it is appropriate;l作出还价如果是适当的；lExpress hopes of mutually beneficial business cooperation. l表示希望互惠的业务合作。Unit 11 11单元Shipping Advice (装船通知单)装船通知（装船通知单）A shipping advice is what the exporter notifies their dispatch to the importer before or after effecting shipment. In case of CFR transaction, a shipping advice is also necessary for the importer to cover insurance of their goods. 装船通知是出口商通知发送给进口商之前或之后执行装运。在案件的交易，航运咨询也是必要的进口货物的保险覆盖。A shipping advice usually includes the following information航运咨询通常包括以下信息The name of the ship used to dispatch the goods;船的名字用来发送货物；The date and number of bill of lading;日期和数量的账单提单；The name of the shipping port/loading port;名称，装运港/装货港；The estimate time of departure;估计的离开时间；The estimate time of arrival;估计到达的时间；The packing conditions;包装条件；Other information as delay of shipment, transshipment or change of L/C;其他信息延迟装运，转运或换证；Thanks for patronage.铭谢惠顾。Unit 12 12单元Complaint Letter投诉信A complaint letter requests some sort of compensation for defective or damaged merchandise or for inadequate or delayed services. The essential rule in writing a complaint letter is to maintain your poise and diplomacy. 投诉信，要求某种补偿有缺陷或损坏的商品或服务不足或延迟。基本规则在写投诉信是保持你的姿态和外交。In the letter you should: 在信中你应该：lIdentify early the reason you are writing;l确定早期你写信的原因；lState exactly what compensation you desire; l状态究竟是什么补偿你的愿望；lProvide a fully detailed narrative or description of the problem; l提供充分详细的叙述或描述问题；lExplain why your request should be granted;l解释为什么你的请求应得到；lSuggest why it is in the recipients best interest to grant your request. l表明它为什么在收件人的最佳利益，同意你的要求。Adjustment Letter调整的信An adjustment letter is a reply to complaint letter. It must be handled carefully when the requested compensation cannot be granted. 一个调整的信是一个答复投诉信。它必须谨慎处理请求时，不能获得赔偿。Some suggestions: 一些建议：Begin with a reference to the date of the original letter of complaint and to the purpose of your letter; 开始与一参考日期的原始投诉信和写信的目的；Express your concern over the writers troubles and your appreciation that he has written;表示关注的作家的烦恼和你的赞赏，他写了；Explain why you deny the request cordially; 解释你为什么拒绝该请求热诚；Try to offer some partial or substitute compensation or advice; 尝试提供一些部分或替代性补偿或建议；Conclude the letter cordially. 结论信热诚。Unit 1313单元Sales Letters销售信函A sales letter is a marketing tool that can build your client base and increase your sales. Generally speaking, there are two kinds of sales letters.销售信的营销工具，可以建立你的客户基础和增加您的销售。一般来说，有2种销售信函。lThe extended letter, together with supporting literature, brochures, order forms and return envelopes; l扩展的信，连同支持文学，小册子，订单和返回信封；lThe one you write to individual. 你写l一个人。 When you write a sales letter, the AIDA factors should be included: 当你写销售信，阿伊达的因素应包括：lA attention;l一注意；lI - interest; 我的兴趣l；lD decision; l丁决策；lA action. l一行动。Unit 1414单元Fax传真机Fax is a form of external communication and has become a well-established and widely used means of communication in the business world today. There is no unified format for faxes. A typical heading for a fax is shown below: 传真是一种形式的对外交流，已成为一个既定的和广泛使用的通讯手段在商业世界的今天。也没有统一的格式传真。一个典型的标题为一个传真如下：FAX MESSAGE传真消息To:到：Attention: 敬告。Fax No.:传真号码：From:从：Company: 单位。Fax No.:传真号码：Date:日期：Subject:主题：No. of Pages: 第页：Unit15unit15E-mail电子邮件E-mail is the system for using computers to send messages over the Internet. 电子邮件系统使用计算机发送的信息在互联网上。The guidelines for writing business E-mails:该准则编写的商务电邮：lGive the message a subject / title;l让讯息的主题/标题；lKeep the subject short and clear; l主体保持简短清晰；lStart the message with a greeting; l启动信息与问候；lWatch the length of the paragraph; l表长度的段；lKeep the message concise and short; l保持简洁和短消息；lStart the first paragraph with a clear indication of what the message is about; l开始第一款中明确说明什么消息是；lWhen replying, quote excerpts;l回复时，引用摘录；lEnd the message in a polite way;l结束的消息在一个礼貌的方式；lPut your name at the end;l放你的名字在最后；IV. Steps of import / export trade (for reference) 四级进出口贸易（供参考）Any import / export transaction may start from Market Research and afterwards there follow the establishment of business connections, inquiries, offers (or replies to inquiry), orders, payment by buyer (or importer) and delivery of goods b