高职高专英语第一册教案.docVIP

Unit 1 Why English Is So Widely Spread?I. Teaching Objectives:After the learning of this text, the students will be able to1. understand the main idea of the text (English is widely spread in the world);2. learn to analyse long difficult sentence patterns;3. grasp the key words, language points and grammatical structures in the text;4. conduct a series of reading, speaking and translation exercises related to the text. II. Time Allotment: Eight periods (six for intensive reading and two for Exercises)III. Text Analysis1. The English language is used by more people in the world than any other living language today.living在使用中，实践着的，活动中的living language现用的语言a living hope, faith, reality 现存的希望，仍在信奉的信仰，活生生的现实2. the majority of people in the United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand are also native English-speakers.majority: 多数，大多数e.g. The majority of people realize the importance of limiting population growth.大多数人认识到限制人口增长的重要性。He was elected by a majority of 3749.他以3749的多数当选。3. even if you add up the populations of these countries the total only comes to about 400 million,add up加起来e.g. Add up all the money I owe you.把我应付你的钱都加在一起。These numbers add up to 100.这些数目合计为100.come to总数为；苏醒；涉及，谈到e.g. That years grain harvest came to over 270 million tons.When she came to, she could not, for a moment, recognize the surroundings.When it comes to politics I know nothing.4. the important reasons for the spread of English language are economic.表示什么的原因 reason 后用介词 for.e.g. The most important reason for his success is his diligence.5. any country wanting, for example, to trade with the United States, or to take advantage of its technology, must be able to operate in English.Any country 在句子中是主语，“wanting, for example, to trade with the United States, or to take advantage of its technology”是现在分词短语做any county 的定语。trade with 与做生意e.g. China trades with many countries. take advantage of 利用；占的便宜e.g. The peasants took full advantage of the fine weather. Dont take advantage of the disabled.operatevi. 运转，运行；动手术e.g. The sewing-machine isnt operating properly.缝纫机运转不正常。The surgeon operated on her for appendicitis.外科医生为她动阑尾切除手术。vt. 操作，操纵；经营，管理e.g. The lift is operated by electricity.电梯是用电开动的。This private-owned airway is allowed to operate a new civil air line service.这家私营航空公司获准开办一条新的民用航线。6. To keep up with such developments, to talk about them in international conferences, or write and read about them in scientific journals and books, scientists, scholars and students must be able to understand English.“to keepdevelopment” “to talkconferences” “(to) writestudents”三个并列的动词不定式在句子中充当主语。7. English are by far the most famous.by far得多e.g. His explanation is clearer by far.他的解释清楚得多。It will be by far the most urgent issue of the age.显然，这将是当代最紧迫的问题。8. it has a built-in flexibility that allows constant adaptation.英语具有一种内在的灵活性，可容许不断的改造变化。built-in: 固定的，内在的 e.g. The mobile phone has a built-in microphone.9. This flexibility helps to explain why English has survived so well, why it can vary so much from speaker to speaker and why it has become a world language. “why English has survived so well, why it can vary so much from speaker to speaker and why it has become a world language.” 三个由why引导的名词从句在句子中并列做explain 的宾语。survivevt.活下来，幸存e.g. Youll have to learn to make difficult decisions if you are to survive in business.要在商界立足生存就得学会作出困难得决定。vi. 从逃出，幸免于；比.活到长e.g. She survived her husband by three years.丈夫死后她又活了三年。She seems to have survived the divorce pretty well.看来她离婚后日子过得还不错。IV. ExercisesReading ComprehensionVocabularyStructure Fast-readingV. GrammarVI. Word-building Unit 2 Going to CollegeI. Teaching Objectives:After the learning of this text, the students will be able to1. understand the main idea of the text;2. learn to analyse long difficult sentence patterns;3. grasp the key words, language points and grammatical structures in the text;4. conduct a series of reading, speaking and translation exercises related to the text. II. Time Allotment: Eight periods (six for intensive reading and two for Exercises)III. Text Analysis1. .with a little preparation, you can build enough confidence to tackle any stress that comes your way.“with a little preparation” 介词短语作状语。build confidence: 树立信心tackle: to make a determined effort to deal with a difficult problem 处理难题e.g. It took twelve fire engines to tackle the blaze.用了12辆消防车对付那场大火。2. Living away from home tends to be the toughest adjustment for first-year students.动名词短语“Living away from home”在句子中作主语。3. Whichever role you fulfilled at home, when youre gonefulfill a role/function/duty etc. : to do the things you are supposed to or expected to do because of your job position in society, etc. 担当角色/履行职责/履行义务e.g. Does the established Church fulfill any useful function in modern society?英国古老的教会在现代社会有什么作用吗？4. You may also feel homesick in your first weeks and monthsfeel 为感官动词，后面可加形容词作表语。5. everyone experiences it at some point in his or her life.point: an exact moment, time or stage in somethings development（时间的）点，时刻；（发展的）阶段，程度6. The sooner you deal with these issues, the sooner youll feel better.“the +比较级，the +比较级”意为“越,越”, 例如：The busier he is, the happier he feels.他越忙越感到高兴。The sooner, the better.越快越好。7. theyre probably experiencing many of the same fears and worries that youre dealing with.experience :go or live through经历，体验e.g. Germany experienced a period of enormous growth in the 60s.德国在60年代经历了一段时间的经济腾飞。IV. ExercisesReading ComprehensionVocabularyStructure Fast ReadingV. GrammarVI. Word-building Unit 3 The Lazy ManI. Teaching Objectives:After the learning of this text, the students will be able to1. understand the main idea of the text;2. learn to analyse long difficult sentence patterns;3. grasp the key words, language points and grammatical structures in the text;4. conduct a series of reading, speaking and translation exercises related to the text. II. Time Allotment: Eight periods (six for intensive reading and two for Exercises)III. Text Analysis1. The passage is adapted from Letters from a Self-Made Merchant to His Son, by John Graham.2. .but he kept on pestering me so I put him to work just to get him out of my way.keep on to continue (keep on doing something.)e.g. She kept on working although she was tired. 她虽疲劳但仍继续工作。pester annoy persistentlye.g. He pestered her with requests for help. 他缠著她要她帮忙.He told her not to pester him with trifles.他告诉她别拿些琐事来烦他。3. I had a shock when his name was handed to me for promotion. I felt surprised when he would be promoted.4. After he had been rolling barrels for a little while and had worn down one of his shoulders本句中的while是个名词，意思是(period of ) time.e.g. She worked in a bank for a while before studying law.她学法律之前在银行工作过一段时间。For a long while we had no news of him.很长一段时间我们没有他的消息.wear down : cause to lose or lose thickness or height by use, friction, etc.e.g. The tread on the tyre has (been) worn down to a dangerous level.轮胎胎面花纹已经磨损得到了能发生危险的地步了.Her defenses will wear down after a few weeks in prison.在监狱呆几星期之后，她的防卫力将会减弱。5. told him to copy out circular letters.a circular letter: a printed notice etc. that is sent to lots of people at the same time通知, 通函6. Jim made a few trips without selling very much.Jim went out several times selling the beef extract but failed to sell very much of it.7. instead of having to chase around after them.chase around / round after 化费时间、精力去追求e.g. He never stopped to chase around after his dream in his youth.8. He set to work on his idea.set to: to begin actively and earnestly; start work动手干(认真开始干)e.g. If we really set to we can get the whole house cleaned in an afternoon.我们要是认真干，一个下午就能把房子打扫乾净。We can set to work with a light heart. 我们可以轻松地开始工作。work on: to do an activity which needs time and effort, especially one that you want to do or that needs to be done 做事；劳动（尤指做你想做或需要做的事）e.g. In the next several years there can be10 different research groups working on the project.在今后几年中可能会有十个不同的研究小组从事该项目的工作。9. if you served it with a little ice. if you added a little ice to the extract.10. there was such a rush of orders that we had to push Jim up higher in the firm“such + n + that clause” 引导结果状语从句。常常和句型“so +adj (or adv) + that clause” 替换使用。 对比下面的例句：（1） He is such a fool that= He is so foolish that（2） She had such a fright that= She was so much frightened that(3) Such was his grief that= So great was his grief that11. Jim was lazy all right but his laziness brought the firm so much profit that I couldnt possibly get rid of him.这里all right 意思是 indeed/actuallyso much profit= such great profitcannot + possibly:e.g. He cannot possibly be a good man.How can I possibly do it?IV. ExercisesReading ComprehensionVocabularyStructure Fast ReadingV. GrammarVI. Word-building Unit 4 Choosing a CareerI. Teaching Objectives:After the learning of this text, the students will be able to1. understand the main idea of the text;2. learn to analyse long difficult sentence patterns;3. grasp the key words, language points and grammatical structures in the text;4. conduct a series of reading, speaking and translation exercises related to the text. II. Time Allotment: Eight periods (six for intensive reading and two for Exercises)III. Text Analysis1. Before you choose a career, (para. 1)to select a career suitable for their interests and abilities. (para.3)Choose 和select 是作为一对同义词使用，两个单词的意思都是to take one or more from a number of things availableusually a matter of preference.2. you must get information about the world of work and the requirements for entering it.Then you try to match yourself with a suitable field of work.because you should prepare for a broad range of jobs“the world of work” 和 “a suitable field of work”及 “a broad range of jobs”这些短语的意思基本是相近的，这里作者分别用三个不同的短语表达相近的意思，目的就是为了增加多样性以引起读者的兴趣。（cf. the use of “choose ” and “select” ）3. We speak of a field of work rather than a jobspeak of : talk about, tell of说到(论及)e.g. Mr Smith looked sour when I spoke of his daughters bad conduct in school.史密斯先生听我说到他女儿在学校品行不良时，一脸的怒容。She didnt speak of her husband at all.她完全没谈到她丈夫.rather than: but not; more willingly; by preference or choice 而不是;宁可.也不愿;与其.倒不如 e.g. I think Ill have a cold drink rather than coffee.我想喝冷饮, 不想喝咖啡。She is charming rather than beautiful.与其说她美倒不如说她迷人。4. girls will naturally be looking forward to marriage and motherhood look forward to: to expect with hope or pleasure (look forward to + n /doing sth.) 展望(期待)e.g. We should look forward to the futurity. 我们应该展望未来。I look forward to being alone in the house.我盼望能自己一人在这所房子。motherhood: the state of being a mother母亲身份；作为母亲的状态；母道5. because they can have so many labour-saving devices in the home.Labour-saving 这里是device的定语。英语中有多种途径来构成形容词复合词。以下就是最常见的形式：adj+noun+ed open-minded bad-temperedadj+present participle ugly-lookingadv+present participle hard-workingnoun+present particile peace-lovingnoun+past participle homemade heartfeltadv+past participle well-known newly-builtadj+past participle new-born ready-madenoun+adj duty-free class-conscious6. Girls, therefore, should take as seriously as boys the need to select a career suitable for their interests and abilities.斜体部分是take 的宾语，因为此宾语太长了，所以放在句末来保持句子平衡。划线部分的动词不定式是need的定语，英语中，动词不定式可以作定语修饰名词或代词。take (sth.) seriously:认真对待.7. What should you think about in trying to find your career?本句中，介词短语in trying to find your career 相当于when (while)trying to find your career.8. Facing your weak points is also part of knowing yourself.斜体部分是动名词短语在句子中充当主语。weak point: 弱点strong point: 优点9. You may be all thumbs when you handle toolsbe all (fingers and )thumbs: ( informal ) to be unable to do things neatly and carefully with your hands (非正式)笨手笨脚e.g. Would you do up these buttons for me? I seem to be all thumbs today. 帮我缝上这些扣子好吗？我今天显得笨手笨脚的。handle: 1)deal with sth 处理某事 e.g. She couldnt handle the pressures of her new job. 她无法应付工作带来的压力。2）control with your hands 用手操作e.g. The windsurfer handled her board with great skill.帆板运动员熟练地操纵着她地帆板。10. You should not be apologetic about it but instead recognize that you will have a chance of a fresh start at work.apologetic : showing or saying that you are sorry that something has happened，especially because you feel guilty or embarrassed about it 表示歉意地，抱歉地，道歉的e.g. The restaurant manager was very apologetic and said we could have our meal for free. 饭店经理深表歉意，并说我们这顿饭可以免费。have/stand a chance (of): if someone or something stands a chance of doing something, it is possible that they will succeed 有（的）希望a fresh start: 新的起点,新的开始I would like to move to another town and make a fresh start.我想搬到另一个城市去，从头做起。11. taken part in sports and clubs and any out-of-school activities.这是个省略句，补充完整后应该是：They will be interested to know if you have been a prefect, and if you have taken part in sports and clubs and any out-of-school activities.activity : (C) something that you do for interest or pleasure or because you want to achieve something 活动 (常用复数形式)e.g. leisure activities 娱乐活动 terrorist activities 恐怖主义活动IV. ExercisesReading ComprehensionVocabularyStructure Fast ReadingV. GrammarVI. Word-building Unit 5 The American FamilyI. Teaching Objectives:After the learning of this text, the students will be able to1. understand the main idea of the text;2. learn to analyse long difficult sentence patterns;3. grasp the key words, language points and grammatical structures in the text;4. conduct a series of reading, speaking and translation exercises related to the text. II. Time Allotment: Eight periods (six for intensive reading and two for Exercises)III. Text Analysis1. The result is that the needs of each individual take priority in the life of the family. In the life of the family, the needs of each individual members are considered first and thought of as the most important. 这是个主系表结构的句子，表语是由that引导的一个表语从句。2. In contrast to that of many other cultures, 在这个句子中that 指代的是名词短语 “the primary responsibility”。that 和 those 常用来指代名词或名词短语以避免重复。in contrast to when a contrast is made to e.g. In contrast to (with) our old house, the new one is a palace.跟我们的老房子相比，新家简直就是皇宫了。His white hair was in a sharp contrast to (with ) his dark skin.他的白发和黝黑的皮肤形成了鲜明的对比。3. , since equality of opportunity regardless of birth is considered a basic American value.opportunity & chance我们说“one has a chance (or opportunity) to do something (or: of doing something)”, “chance”或“opportunity”意思是”a favorable occasion”. 我们也说 “There is a chance that Ill see him”, 这个句子中的 “chance” 意思是 “possibility”, 这里不能用 “opportunity”.value在本句中 “value”是个关键字。意思是 “a social standard or idea which most people have about the worth of good qualities”regardless ofpaying no attention to; without worrying aboute.g. He bought her what she wanted, regardless of expenses.不管花多少钱，她要什么他就给她买什么。Regardless of danger, he climbed the tower.无视危险，他爬上了塔顶。4. The American desire for freedom from outside control clearly extends to the family.As we know, freedom from outside control is an American desire or value. Nowadays this desire or value also applies to family affairs.本段的其余部分用来支持首句的标题句。 5. The American family is a nuclear family, consisting usually of a husband, wife and children who live in their own house or apartment.consist of be made of; be composed ofe.g. The committee consists of seven members.委员会由七名成员组成。The atmosphere consists of certain gases mixed together in definite proportions.大气是由某些定比的气体混合构成的。6. Grandparents rarely live in the same home with their married sons and daughters, rarelyseldom; not oftene.g. He rarely went anywhere except to his office.除了办公室，他很少去其他地方。Rarely have I seen such a beautiful sunset.我很少见如此美丽的落日。7. immediate family refers to the nearest members of a family, usually two grown-ups and their unmarried children.8. extended family refers to relatives such as aunts, uncles, cousins, and grandparentsIV. ExercisesReading ComprehensionVocabularyStructure Fast ReadingV. GrammarVII. Word-building Unit 6 How to Shine at an InterviewI. Teaching Objectives:After the learning of this text, the students will be able to1. understand the main idea of the text;2. learn to analyse long difficult sentence patterns;3. grasp the key words, language points and grammatical structures in the text;4. conduct a series of reading, speaking and translation exercises related to the text. II. Time Allotment: Eight periods (six for intensive reading and two for Exercises)III. Text Analysis1. How to shine at an interview.: How to be good at showing special ability at an interview.shine: to be good at sth 出色，出类拔萃e.g. He failed to shine academically but he was very good at sports.他学业不怎么样，但体育棒极了。She has set a shining example of loyal service over four decades.四十年间，她树立了一个忠诚服务得光辉榜样。2. which can help a candidate to make a good impression.impression: effect (on sb) the effect that an experience or a person has on sb/sth 影响，效果A big/deep/strong impression: 巨大的/深刻的/强大的影响3. I can satisfy most of your requirements and I wish to increase my experience.requirement: something that you must have in order to or to do sth else 必要条件，必备条件to meet /fulfill/satisfy the requirementsexperience: the knowledge and skill that you have gained through doing sth for a period of time the process of gaining this (由时间得来的)经验，实践to have over ten years teaching