非谓语动词专项练习.doc

初中英语非谓语动词的用法一、非谓语动词的种类非谓语动词，顾名思义，即不能作句子的谓语用的动词，也称动词的非限定形式。主要分为动词不定式，现在分词，过去分词和动名词四种，非谓语动词也有动词的特征，可有自己的状语和宾语。二、动词不定式（The Infinitive）动词不定式是动词的一种非限定形式，有加“to”和省to两种形式，可以在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语，宾语补足语、状语等成份。1、动词不定式作主语。To get an Injection is a little painful.To complain too much isnt a good thing.注：（1）不定式作主语，整个结构看成一个整体，谓语用单数形式，还可用it作形式主语而把不定式放于句末，保持句子平衡。如It takes me two hours to finish my English homework.Its difficult to Learn English Well.(2)不定式作主语有两种特殊结构，一般认为是由for 或of引导其逻辑主语，如Its important for us learn a foreign language.Its difficult for us to finish it on time.Its kind /good/nice of you to help me.Its clever /foolish/polite/careful/careless of you to do that.2、动词不定式作表语。My job is to feed animals.Our duty is to keep the classroom clean and tidy.His wish is to become a singer.3、动词不定式作宾语He wants to borrow a book from me.I hope to see my pen friend as soon as possible.Children love to play games.I found it difficult to get on with him.(it为形式宾语，真正宾语为不定式)注：不定式有时与疑问句where, how, what, which, when, who 等连用，作动词的宾语。如： What to doI dont know How to do it Where to go When to set off Which one to choose Who to askHe gave a talk on how to study English Well.4、不定式作定语Would you like something to drink /to read/to eat?I have a lot of homework to do.I have something important to tell you.5、不定式作宾语补足语。分省“to”和加“to”两种。I told him to do it himself.(加to)He asked me to buy some oranges for him.（加to）e didnt expect him to be the winner.(加to)I often saw him go to the cinema last year.(省to)Please let the boy come in.（省to）The boss makes the workers work ten hours a day.(省to)注：感观动词（see, watch, notice, hear, feel）和使役动词（have, let , make）后用省to不定式作宾补，但改成被动语态时，不定式前加to，宾语补语相应变成主语补语。如；The workers are made to work ten hours a day.6、作状语They went to the shop to buy some school things.(目的状语)My sister to young to go to school.（结果状语）三、现在分词（The Present Participle）和过去分词（The Past Participle）现在分词由动词加“ing”构成（构成方式略）表示主动或正在进行；过去分词由规则动词加“ed”或查不规则动词表，一般表示被动或动作已完成。分词主要起形容词和副词作用，可在句中作表语定语，状语、宾补等成份。1、作表语 The news is exciting. The result is amazing The window is broken. The door is locked.2、作定语Do you know the young man standing under the tree?The woman wearing a red coat is my aunt.I like to read books written by LuXun.She asked Grandma to put a bookmark in each of the borrowed books.Then we can see many dinosaurs discovered by you in the museums.3、作状语A lot of land has gone with the trees, leaving only sand.(结果)They wake up their parents , calling “Merry Christmas”（伴随）Given more time, I can finish the work myself.（条件）4、作宾补I hear a girl singing in the next room.Ill have my hair cut tomorrow.We had our pictures taken in the middle of the square.四、动名词（The Gerund）在形式上，动名词与现在分词无法区别，但现在分词里一个动词性的形容词，而动名词则是一个动词性的名词，它具有名词的绝大多数特征，可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾补等成份。1、作主语Seeing is believing.（眼见为实）Selling computers to foreign countries is his job.Picking apples is much better than having classes.注：动名词作主语可与表语对调位置；有时也可用it作形式主语，而将动名词放于句末。如：His job is selling computers to foreign countries.（主语与表语可互换）Its no use complaining about others.2、作表语His job is feeding animals.The only thing that I want to do is sleeping.3、作宾语，分为动词宾语与介词宾语两种。Tom enjoys living in Beijing.Have you finished reading that novel?Would you mind my opening the door.I often practice speaking English with foreigners.Thank you for teaching us so well.What about going fishing tomorrow?注：有些动词后加不定式和动名词作宾语有两种截然不同的含义。如：go on to do sth（接着做另一件事） go on doing sth（继续做同一件事） forget /remember to do sth（记住或忘记去做某事，还未做） forget /remember doing sth（记住或忘记做过某事，事先已做过） stop to do sth（停下来做某事） stop doing sth（停止做某事）4、作定语 a swimming pool 游泳池a sleeping car 卧铺车厢 a reading room阅览室a walking stick手杖注：现在分词作定语与动名词作定语的不同之处在于：现在分词相当于一个定语从句的作用，可改成定语从句，而动名词相当于一个名词作定语，说明被修饰词的类别、功能或性质，不可以改成定语从句。The sleeping child=the child who is sleepingThe woman talking with my father is my English teacher.=The woman who is talking with my father is my English teacher.非谓语动词专项练习第一组习题1. There _ no classes yesterday, we paid a visit to the Great Wall.A. was B. being C. were D. had been2. The policeman rushed into the room only _ an old lady lying on the ground.A. found B. find C. finding D. to find3. The boy lay on the ground, his eyes _ and his hands _.A. closing; trembling B. closed; tremblingC. closed; trembled D. closing; trembled4._, the girls raced on to the second runners.A. Stick in hand B. With a stick in her handC. Sticks in hand D. Sticks in hands5. Each of them got up early _ to catch the early bus.A. to hope B. hoping C. so that D. and6. How pleased the Emperor was _ what the cheats said!A. hearing B. heard C. hear D. to hear7. We should prevent pollution _ happily.A. from living B. living C. to living D. to live8.I am busy now, so I cant help _ the machine.A. repair B. to have repaired C. repairing D. fixing9. Jane came very close _ a gold medal for Britain in the Olympics.A. to win B. winning C. to winning D. to be won10. The boy seated himself in the corner with his back _ to his father.A. turning B. to turn C. to be turned D. turned11. -By the way, when did you get your bedroom _?-Last week.A. to paint B. painted C. painting D. to be painted12. He likes _, but he doesnt like _ today because it is too cold.A. to swim; to swim B. swimming; swimmingC. to swim; swimming D. swimming; to swim13. There is _ what the weather will be like.A. not knowing B. no knowing C. not know D. no known14. The novel is said _ into many languages.A. to translate B. being translatedC. to have been translated D. having been translated15. Im examining the composition he has just finished _ the possible mistakes in it.A. correcting B. to correct C. corrected D. correct16. They would not allow him _ across the enemy line.A. to risk going B. risking to go C. for risk to go D. risk going17. He spent as much time as he could _ the child.A. teaching B. to teach C. teach D. for teaching18. -Alice, why didnt you come yesterday?-I _, but I had an unexpected visitor.A. had B. would C. was going to D. did19. How pleased the Emperor was _ what the cheats said!A. hearing B. to hear C. heard D. hear20. _ the room, a letter was laid on the ground.A. Entering B. Having entered C. He entered D. Mrs Green entering21. They set out _ for the _ boy.A. searching; losing B. searching; lost C. to search; lost D. to search; missed22. _ her mother had come, her face lit up.A. Hearing B. Having heard C. When hearing D. When she heard23. They arrived at their university very late, _ the gate closely shut.A. found B. to find C. find D. finding24. -Do you have anything more _, sir?-No. You can have a rest or do something else.A. typing B. to be typed C. typed D. to type25. The manager promised to keep me _ of how our business was going on.A. to be informed B. on informing C. informed D. informing26. With a lot of difficult problems _, the manager felt worried all the time.A. to settle B. settling C. settled D. being settled27. Will those _ the children from abroad come to the headmasters office?A. teaching B. teach C. who teaches D. who teaching28. After _ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.A. being interviewed B. interviewedC. interviewing D. having interviewed29. They apologized for _ to attend the meeting.A. their not being able B. their being not ableC. them not able D. them being able not30. They would not allow him _ across the enemy line.A. to risk going B. risking to go C. for risk to go D. risk going31. _ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may produce variants(变异体) of genes in human bodies.A. Being exposed B. Having exposed C. Exposed D. After being exposed32. China became the 143rd member of the World Trade Organization on December 11, 2001, thus _ its 15-year wish to join the global trade body.A. having realized B. realized C. realizing D. to realize33. Tom looked at Jenny, tears _ his eyes, and shouted out the words _ in his heart for years.A. filling; having hidden B. filled; hiddenC. filling; hidden D. filled; hiding34. They apologized for _ to attend the meeting.A. their not being able B. their being not ableC. them not able D. them being able not35. Which will you enjoy _ your vacation, traveling abroad or working in the countryside?A. to spend B. spend C. spending D. spent36. -Will you please tell us how you can seize the robbers?-I will spend a whole week _ in your room to wait for their coming.A. locking B. to lock C. locked D. being locked37. I regret _ you that they are unable to come to your wedding tomorrow.A. informing B. having informedC. to have been informed D. to inform38. He wondered if he could slip out of the lecture hall without anyone _.A. noticing B. noticed C. to notice D. being noticed39. After _ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.A. being interviewed B. interviewedC. interviewing D. having interviewed40. He spoke in such a high voice _ out in the street.A. as to be heard B. to be heard C. as to hear D. to hear41. As early as 1647 Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be set up in every town _ 50 households or more.A. having B. to have C. to have had D. having had42. The building project _ next year is, I think, not easy _ in time.A. being carried out; to complete B. carried out; to be completedC. to be carried out; to complete D. to be carried out; to be completed43. The reason _ she gave for not coming to the party is that her mother wouldnt allow her to.A. that B. what C. why D. because44. Excuse me, could you tell me how to get to the Grand Hotel? I thought it was on this corner, but I seem to _ a mistake.A. make B. be making C. having made D. have made45. -Heres a new pair of shoes for you.-Thank you, but theres no need _ a new pair for me.A. to have bought B. to buy C. buying D. to be buying46. What worried the boy most was _ to visit his father in the hospital.A. his not allowing B. his not being allowedC. having not been allowed D. his being not allowed47. To do a bit for the motherland, _.A. working hard is necessaryB. to learn a foreign language is neededC. it is important to master scienceD. one should serve the people whole-heartedly48. Everything _ into consideration, they ought to have another chance.A. to take B. taken C. to be taken D. taking49. The officials discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next month.A. carry out B. carrying out C. to carry out D. carried out50. With a lot of difficult problems _, the manager felt worried all the time.A. to settle B. settling C. settled D. being settled51. -Do you have anything more _, sir?-No, you can have a rest or do something else.A. typing B. to be typed C. typed D. to type52. The manager promised to keep me _ of how our business was going on.A. to be informed B. on informing C. informed D. informing第二组习题1. Helen had to shout _ above the sound of the music.A. making herself hear B. to make herself hearC. making herself heard D. to make herself heard2. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _ in your mind instead of before your eyes.A. to form B. form C. forming D. having formed3. The man insisted _ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.A. find B. to find C. on finding D. in finding4. The old man, _ abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. A. to work B. working C. to have worked D. having worked5. You were silly not _ your car. A. to lock B. to have locked C. locking D. having locked6. Dont leave the water _ while you brush your teeth. A. run B. running C. being run D. to run7. When flint _ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced8. “We cant go out in this weather,” said Bob, _ out of the window.A. looking B. to look C. looked D. having looked9. My advisor encouraged _ a summer course to improve my writing skills. A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take 10. _ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited 11. Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, _ as 3M.A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known12. Sarah, hurry up. Im afraid you cant have time to _ before the party. A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change13. _ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to stay another two days off the farm. A. Attracting B. Attracted C. To be attracted D. Having attracted14. I dont know whether you happen _ , but Im going to study in the U. S. A. this September. A. to be heard B. to be hearing C. to hear D. to have heard15. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _ the film stars had left. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told 16. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time _ the exam.A. pass B. to pass C. passed D. passing17. _ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesnt seem big at all.A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared18. _ the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks.A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed19. If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better _ ityouve got some big bills coming. A. forget B. forgot C. forgetting D. to forget20. According to a recent U. S. survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week _ TV.A. to watch B. to watching C. watching D. watch21. The flu is believed _ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. A. cause B. being caused C. to be caused D. to have caused22. The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt23. The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded24. Having been attacked by terrorists, _ . A. doctors came to their rescue B. the tall building collapsedC. an emergency measure was taken D. warnings were given to tourists 25. Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in. A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying26. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year.A. carried out B. carrying out C. carry out D. to carry out27. Ive worked with child before, so I know what _ in my new job. A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expect28. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered29. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen30. The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it.A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun31. It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows _. A. it what to do with B. what to do it withC. what to do with it D. to do what with it32. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked33. Im going to th