八年级部分词组根据教材归纳.doc

1. be strict with sb. 对某人严格 be strict in / about sth. 对某事严格2. be angry with/at sb. 对某人生气 be angry at/ about sth. 对某事生气3. over and over again 反复地; 一再4. sth. happens to sb.”, 指“某事发生在某人身上”. 是一种惯用句型. 如:A serious accident happened to his brother yesterday. 5. happen to do sth. 指 “碰巧做某事”, 如:I happened to see my friend Jim in the street yesterday.昨天,我碰巧在街上看到我的朋友吉姆.6. join in sth. 指“参加活动”, 相当于take part in或be in.7. Howdeal with? “怎样处理?” 相当于“What .do with?”8. advice的可数问题： 作“建议”时用单数，作“消息”时用复数。some advice 一些建议advices 报道；消息 advice可以做可数名词，也可以不可数。你说的例子是不可数的情况。 1） advice做“忠告, 劝告; 建议; 指点; 磋商”是不可数名词！ some pieces of advice, my advice都对！ 2） advice 做“（商业上的）通知, 公函; 诊断，(政治、外交上的)报道, 消息”讲，可数。 an advice note 通知单 a remittance advice 汇款通知 advices from foreign countries 来自国外的报道 a written advice 通告书9. say thanks to 10 (1) at the end of 在的最后：You will find the post office at the end of the road. (2) by the end of 不迟于：I will finish my work by the end of this month.11 take turns to do sth.轮流去做某事：We take turns to clean the classroom.12 smile at life 笑对人生13 On the/ ones way (to)+ 地点：（在去某地的路上）当地点是副词(如home),不用to.14 sometimes 有时； sometime将来的某个时候；some times 几次； some time 一些时间15 try out 试用，试验：Jim wants to try out his new bike.单词辨析：sound 声音；voice 嗓音（人说话）；noise 噪音16 (1) think over 仔细考虑 (2) think of 想起；考虑；认为 (3)think about 考虑；认为。notany more = no more 表 “不再”, 指次数上不再.notany longer=no longer表 “不再”, 指时间上不再. 如:You arent a child any longer. = You are no longer a child.你不再是个小孩了.We didnt visit him any more. = We visited him no more. 我们再也不去拜访他了.17. As soon as we arrived there, we began to climb Mout Tai. as soon as = when 引导时间状语从句，表“一就”18. in the daytime = in the day 在白天； in the night = at night 在晚上。 at 在句中表“以的价格”. 如: Weve got tickets at 80 for The Sound of Music.我们有80元一张的音乐之声门票19. Some schools come up with great fund raisers , 一些学校产生出伟大的集资者， come up with 表示“想出；产生； 赶上” 如： Suddenly he came up with a strange idea. 突然间他想出了一个奇怪的主意。 We came up with the train in time. 我们及时赶上了火车。20. in the old days 在古代21. at the back 在背后22. at the back 在背后 (1) in all directions 向四面八方(2) in the direction of 朝方向37. have fun doing sth. 做某事有乐趣38. treat sb. to sth. 用招待,请客39. tell sb. about sth. 23. be popular with sb.受某人的欢迎：i Yuchun is popular with young people.24. a sharp turn 一个急转弯25 slow down 减速：He slowed down slowly and stopped at last.26. avoid doing sth.(避免做某事)，可与keep/prevent/ from doing sth. (阻止做某事)联系记忆。27. run into (跑动时)撞到：The boy ran into the old man 28. 题： The young man who is on the bike is my brother (改为简单句) The young man on the bike is my brother. 分析：on the bike 介词短语做后置定语，修饰the man, 相当于一个定语从句29. get a fine 受到罚款30 (1) warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人(不)去做某事 I warn you to keep away from him. (2) warn sb. sth. 警告某人某事物：The police often warn us about the thieves. （3）warn sb. about sth. 提醒某人当心某事31 on the left-hand side of the road = on the left of the road.在路的左边32. By 1996 he was one of the top cyclists in the world. (1) by 表“不迟与，在之前”: by the end of this term.33. face sth. head-on 迎头面对某事：We should face our difficulties head-on.34. ride into history跻身于史册35. host 动词，主办 ，有时可与hold(举行) 替换。名词，主人，东道主36. pay attention to (doing) sth. 注意（做）某事37. fight off 尽力击退/ 克服38 agree with 同意某人（的看法/ 意见），主语通常是事物而不是人。agree to 表示“同意，赞成”，后面跟的是表示想法，建议或计划等的词。e.g.: I agree with what he said. 我同意他讲的话。 He didnt agree to our idea. 他不同意我们的想法。39. win 后面通常跟比赛、竞赛、名次或战争，表“获胜”beat 后面通常跟人，表“战胜”e.g.: He won the first in the match. 他在比赛中获得了第一名。 At last, he beat everyone. 最后他击败了每个人。 40. one of意为“之一”，后面跟名词的复数形式。如：Tom is one of the lively boys in our class. 汤姆是我们班上活跃的男生之一。41. How do you like ? 你觉得怎么样?= What do you think of? How do you like the weather in Beijing ?=What do you think of the weather in Beijing? 你觉得北京天气怎么样?How do the foreigners like China?= What do the foreigners think of China?How did you like the soccer game yesterday?= What did you think of the soccer game yesterday?42. be surprised at 对感到惊奇 43. be surprised to do 惊奇地（做） She was surprised to find she was lost. 她惊奇地发现自己迷44 try out 实验try on 试穿45. keep ones mind on doing sth. 专心做某事1. keep ones mind on doing sth. 专心做某事2. look out = be careful 小心3. stay on the side 站在旁边4. have a birds eye view of 鸟瞰5. ask for 询问6. on the second day 在第二天7. keep feelings inside 把情感藏在内心46. I will turn to our teachers. turn to sb. 向某人求助 47. I have a sweet tooth. have a sweet tooth 喜欢吃甜食48. enough(足够的/地)的用法：(1) 修饰形容词或副词时，放与其后：big enough; slowly enough(2) 修饰名词时，可放名词后或前：enough money / money enough49. supply (1)名词，设施。(2)动词，提供 supply sb with sth.= provide sb with sth. 表“提供”的还有：offer，表（主动）提供，如：I offered some money to him, but he refused. afford 指“提供，供给”，还可以特指经济能力，负担得起，常与 can, could 和 be able to 连用。例如：I think I can afford this. 我认为我可以负担得起。50. be hosted by 由主办 The 29th Olympics was hosted by China.51 Make an invitation to sb. 给某人写请柬52 know about“了解”，know a lot about“对某事了解很深”，know a little about“对某事或某人了解一些”，而know是“知道”，“认识”之意，如：I know her.我认识她。I know about her.我了解她。二者意思不同。53. I have heard of him.我从未听说过他。 hear of sb./sth“听说过某人或某事”hear + that从句“听说，得知”hear from sb.“收到某人的来信”hear“听见” listen“注意听”54. .Ill think over how we should organize the food festival.我将仔细考虑我们应该怎样组织这次美食节活动。think over“仔细考虑”think of/about“考虑，思考”think of 还有“想起”之意55. .Its a pleasure.用于感谢的答语还有：Thats Ok./Thats all right./Youre welcome./My pleasure56. Extension six zero zero six, please. 请接分机号6006。相当于Can I have extension six zero zero six ,please ? 或Please dial extension six zero zero six.57. Keep(on)doing sth.继续/重复做某事Keep sb./sth.doing sth. 让某人持续做某事；让某事持续进行 如：He kept writing all the night.他整晚在写作。Ill try not to keep you waiting.我会尽量不让你久等。58. supply sth.to/for sb.或supply sb. with sth.59. then短语：by then 到那时； from then on 从那以后； since then 从那时起； till then 到那时为止60. Would you mind (if从句) ? = Would you mind ones / sb. doing sth ? (物主代词/人称代词宾格)如：Would you mind if I open the door ?= Would you mind my/ me opening the door?61. dinner和meal 的区别：meal 是一日三餐的通称，可以指早餐、中餐，也可以指晚餐；dinner 指一天中的一次正餐。例如：We have meals every day. 我们一日三餐。What time do you have dinner? 你们几点钟吃正餐？62. at the table 在桌旁；at table 在用餐。类似的区别的词有： in the hospital 在医院（工作）； in hospital 在住院 in the tree （不是树上长的东西）在树上； on the tree （树上长的）在树上63. Its polite to eat up the food on your plate. up在此是副词，表“完了”，如：eat up 吃完； use up 用完64. take a sip 喝一小口65 pick up (1) 拾起，捡起：She picked up a stone and threw it at the window. (2) 搭载：Ill pick you up at your place at 8 oclock.66 题：I dont know if it tomorrow. If it , I wont go out with you. (rain) 分析：if有两种意思:是否(引导宾语从句)如果(引导条件状语从句)。当表“是否”时，后引导的宾语从句须用将来时态表将来；当表“如果”时，后引导的条件状语从句须用一般现在时态表将来。本题中第一个if表“是否”，第二个表“如果”，it是单数第三人称，所以答案为：will rain; rains 67. slicefinely 精细地把切小68. .drink to somebody 为干杯（或祝酒）69. around the world=all over the world=in the world 世界各地70 Would you like me to help you? 你需要我的帮忙吗？该句表示“客气的请求”，相当于Would you like + to do?或Will you please + do?另外like sb. to do sth.,这里like是动词，相当于want,译为“要某人做某事”。71. Its not impolite to smoke during a meal in France. 在法国，吃饭时吸烟不是不礼貌的。 During是介词，后常跟名词或短语，而while是连词，后常跟从句。如： What did you do during the summer holiday? 在暑假期间你做了什么？这里不能用while代替。72 Never drink too much during a dinner. 就餐时千万别喝太多。too much 是用来修饰不可数名词，too many是修饰可数名词，而much too是修饰形容词和副词。如：too much water太多的水，too many trees太多的树木，much too tired太累了 73. In parts of India, they use their fingers and bread to pick up the food .在印度地区，他们用手指和面包来抓食物。这里pick up译为“抓起，拾起”，另外还有“（用车）接（人或物）之意。如：Ill come to pick you up.我会开车去接你。74. Cut up 切碎75. cut into 把。切成76. cut in 把。切开77. cut off 把。切断78. on sale 在(减价)出售：Are these apples on sale ?（这些苹果降价卖吗？）79. A table for two 一张双人桌80. May I have the bill？ 我可以结账吗？ have the bill = pay the bill 付账 81. change (1)名词，零钱 (2) 动词，改变 短语： change ones mind 改变某人的主意 changeinto 把变成82. a small dish 小菜； main course 主食83. Not all students have a regular breakfast.英语中的部分否定（即不完全否定）有如下一些表示方法：(1) all 的否定式：not all（或：allnot）表示“并非都”、“不是所有的都例如：Not all men can be masters. (= All men cannot be masters.) 并非人人都能当头头。(2) both 的否定式：notboth (或：both not) 并非两个都 例如：I dont want both the books. 我不是两本书都要(3) every的否定式：不是每都 例如：Not everyone likes this book. 并非人人都喜欢这本书。(4) always的否定式：并非总是（并非一直） 例如：He is not always so sad. 他并不是一直都这样悲伤。(5) notand的否定式，被否定的往往是and后面的那一部分。 例如：He did not speak clearly and correctly. 他讲得清楚但不正确。 She cannot sing and dance. 她会唱歌但不会跳舞。 如果将and 换成or，not 对其后面的两部分就全盘否定了。 He did not speak clearly or correctly. 他讲的既不清楚也不正确84. send to 把寄给send for 派人去请85. keep a balanced diet 保持日常饮食均衡86. else译为“别的”“其他的”常修饰疑问词，不定代词并放在所修饰词的后面。如：what else, who else, nobody else, something else等。other也表示“别的”“其他的”，但它修饰名词。如：some other people其他的一些人，other修饰名词people,不能用else代替。87. Show (1)名词，展览，演出。短语：be on show 在展览 (2)动词，给看. 短语：show sb. around 带某人参观88. (1) dress sb./ oneself 给某人穿衣：She dresses the baby everyday. (2) dress in+颜色/衣服：穿着：She is dressed in white today. (常用; be dressed in 结构) (3) dress up打扮，化装: Lets dress up and go out to the ball. 注意：dress 后可直接接人，但不能直接接衣服，但dress in可接衣服。89 nearly 几乎，常可与almost 换用，但在具体的数字前常用nearly. 如：It is nearly twenty meters high. (2) almost 可用于no, nothing 等前，但nearly 不可。如：Almost no one (= Hardly anyone ) believes her. 90. As the saying goes, “You are what you wear.” As the saying goes 常言道，正如谚语所说。91. Could you tell me .A. where to buy B. where to buy it C. where I will buy.分析：答案为B。 buy 是及物动词,”where”不能做“buy”的宾语，不能说：buy where. 但可说which/what to buy. 因为which和what 代物，可作宾语。类似的有，可以用“what to do”或“how to do it”来做宾语。92. whats it made of?它是由什么做成的？be made of意为“由制成”（看出原料），类似结构的短语还有be made from“由制成”（看不出原料）be made in “某物生产于某地”be made up of“由组成” be made into“把作成某产品”如： The table is made of wood.这张桌子是木头制成的。Paper is made from wood.纸是木材做成的。The TV set is made in Japan.这台电视机是日本产的。The medical team is made up of ten doctors.这支医疗队由十位大夫组成。Bamboo can be made into walking sticks and fishing rods.用竹子可以制成很好的拐杖和钓鱼竿。93. prefer 宁肯，更喜欢， prefer A to B = like A better than BI like prefer singing =I like singing better.我更喜欢唱歌。I prefer swimming to skating.比起滑冰我更喜欢游泳。94. While用于对比两件事物，意为“而，然而”Michael is interested in music, while his brother prefers P.E.迈克对音乐感兴趣，而他的兄弟却更喜欢体育。the same as 和一样/相同，反义词：be different from与不一样，如：My idea is the same as yours, but its different from his我的主意和你的一样，但和他的不一样。95. protect from sth/doing sth 阻止做The trees can protect the sand from moving.树可以防止沙子向前移。Try to protect your skin from the sun.尽量保护你的皮肤不受太阳暴晒96. (1) allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 Please allow me to carry your bag. (2) 可说 allow doing sth., 不可说allow to do sth. 但被动可：sb. be allowed to do sth如：They allowed smoking in this room only.(3) allow sb. in/out 允许某人进/出She wont allow the children in until theyve wiped their shoes.She is not allowed out after dark.97. (1) plain clothes 便装 (2) carry out 执行 We will carry out our plan next week.98. take off (1) 脱下，反义put on. (2)飞机起飞 The plane will take off soon.99. dress in = wear 穿着 （dress 的详细用法见上个话题100 (1) 表“建议”：advice 不可数名词。 suggestion 可数名词(2) give sb. some advice = give some advice to sb.(3) advise动词，建议：advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人去做某事101. (1) tell sb. about 告诉某人关于 Please tell me about yourself. (2) tell sb. sth. 告诉某人某事： Please tell