AP考试Statistics词汇解析.docx

AP考试 Statistics词汇解析据360教育集团介绍：AP Statistics词汇!AP词汇是AP考试的基础。据360教育集团介绍，只有打好了这个根基，AP考试整体才能更加得心应手。下面就为大家介绍一下AP Statistics词汇，希望对大家备考有所帮助Part 1exploring data (探索性数据分析)Frequency-频数 relative frequency-相对频数cumulative frequency-累积频数symmetric distribution-对称分布left-skewed distribution- 左偏分布right-skewed distribution-右偏分布clusters and gaps-集群和缺口 outlier-异常值mean-均值 median-中位数 range-极差quartiles -四分位数 interquartile range- 四分位差percentile- 百分位数 standard deviation-标准差standardized scores(z-scores)-标准计分correlation coefficient-相关系数Pearsons correlation coefficient-皮尔逊相关系数 (这只是两种说法，实际等价)Least squares regression line-最小二乘回归线Dependent variable-因变量 independent variable-自变量Predicted value-预测值 the coefficient of determination-判定系数Influential observation-有影响的观测值Residual plot-残差图Part 2sampling and experimentation(抽样和实验设计)Population-总体 sample-样本 sample survey-抽样调查Census-普查experiment -实验设计 observational study-观测研究biased sampling-有偏抽样judgmental sampling-判断抽样samples of convenience-方便样本volunteer samples-自愿样本simple random sampling-简单随机抽样systematic sampling-系统抽样stratified random sampling-分层抽样proportional sampling-比率抽样cluster sampling-整群抽样sampling error-抽样误差response bias-回答偏差nonresponse bias-无回答偏差undercoverage bias-覆盖不全偏差wording effect bias-措辞偏差experimental unit-实验单位 observational unit-观测单位confounding variable -混淆变量factor-因子 treatment-处理control group-控制组 placebo group-安慰剂组single-blind experiments-单盲实验double-blind experiments-双盲实验randomization-随机化blocking(block)-区组replication-复制，重复completely randomized design-完全随机设计randomized block design-随机区组设计matched-pairs design-配对设计Part 3anticipating patternsProbability-概率 sample space-样本空间Tree diagram-树形图Impossible events-不可能事件Sure events-必然事件Complement of an event-事件的补事件Disjoint or mutually exclusive events-互斥事件Conditional event-条件事件 independence-独立Random variable-随机变量Discrete random variable-离散型随机变量Continuous random variable-连续性随机变量Probability distribution of a discrete random variable-离散型随机变量的概率分布Expected value-期望值，数学期望Probability distribution of a continuous random variable-离散型随机变量的概率分布Parameter-参数 statistics-统计量Sampling distribution-抽样分布Central limit theorem-中心极限定理Part 4statistical inference 统计推断Estimation process-估计过程 estimate-估计值Point estimation-点估计 interval estimation-区间估计Margin of error-误差界限Confidence interval-置信区间 confidence level-置信水平Significance-显著性Statistical hypothesis-统计假设Null hypothesis-零假设，原假设Alternative hypothesis-备择假设Test statistics-检验统计量Type I error-第一类错误 type II error-第二类错误Rejection region-拒绝域 nonrejection region-非拒绝域Critical value-临界值Left-tailed test-左尾检验Right-tailed test-右尾检验Two-tailed test-双尾检验Sample size-样本容量Students t distribution-学生t分布Chi-s