如何突破名词性从句.doc

如何突破名词性从句摘 要：名词性从句是高中英语的重点语法专项，也是高考的常考点。名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句以及同位语从句，也就是说名词性从句在句中可充当主语、宾语、表语以及同位语。要突破这一专项，首先要分析句子结构然后选择正确的引导词。引导词：从属连词that/whether/if不充当成分；连接代词what/which/who/whom充当主语、宾语、表语；连接副词when/where/why/how充当状语。关键词：名词性从句；引导词；what & that；whether & if；疑问词+ever & no matter+疑问词that引导同位语从句与定语从句一、正确判断从句类型主语从句在主句中充当主语，通常放在谓语动词或系动词之前，有时由it充当形式主语，主语从句放在主句之后。(2011湖南)before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious what the problem itself is.(2011北京)what barbara jones offers to his fans is honesty and happiness.宾语从句在主句中充当宾语，通常放在谓语动词或介词之后，有时由it充当形式宾语，宾语从句就放在主句之后。(2011山东)we have offered her the god, but i dont know whether shell accept it.表语从句在主句中充当表语，通常放在系动词之后。(2011山东)im afraid he is more of a talker than a doer, which is why he never finishes anything.同位语从句通常放在某些抽象名词（fact, hope, thought, suggestion, idea, news, possibility等）之后，对前面的名词的内容加以补充说明。(2011天津)modern science has given clear evidence that smoking can lead to many diseases.二、what & that的区别that引导名词性从句，不充当成分，只起引导词的作用，通常可省略。但当that引导两个或多个并列宾语从句时，第二个和以后几个从句的that不可省略。(2007湖南)having checked(that) the doors were closed, and that all the lights were off,the boy opened the door to his bedroom.what引导名词性从句，既要充当成分（主语、宾语、表语），还要起引导词的作用，不可省略。(2010北京)i want to be liked and loved for what i am inside.三、whether & if的区别whether与if 引导名词性从句，不充当成分，但有意义（译为“是否”），但在下列情况下只能用whether充当引导词。1）表语从句、同位语从句及主语从句放在句首时；2）介词后；3）直接与or not或to do连用；i have no idea whether or not he his finished the work. the question is whether it is worth doing.四、疑问句+ever & no matter+疑问词的区别疑问词+ever 既可引导名词性从句，还可引导让步状语从句;no matter+疑问词只可引导让步状语从句。(2009湖南)she is very dear to us. we have been prepared to do whatever it takes to save her life. (宾语从句)(2008浙江)whoever wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. (主语从句) whatever/no matter what i said, he wouldnt listen to me. (让步状语从句)五、that引导同位语从句与宾语从句的区别that引导同位语从句是对其前面的抽象名词的内容进行补充说明，that在同位语从句中不充当成分但不可省略，同位语从句句子结构完整。that引导定语从句在定语从句中充当主语、宾语（可省略）或表语，定语从句的句子结构不完整。 the news that they had won the game soon spread a