语法--(并列句与状语从句).doc

中小学1对1课外辅导专家聚智堂学科教师辅导讲义学员姓名： 年 级：高三 课 时 数：3课时学科教师：师培芳 辅导科目：英语 授课时间段：课 题 语法-并列句与状语从句复习及练习教学目的1. 掌握并列句与状语从句的基础知识2. 如何准确地选择引导词教学内容日校回顾课堂导入 Can we have our teacher back?Can we have our teacher back? Once a superintendent of schools was visiting a three-room school. One room was very noisy, so the man grabbed a tall boy who had been standing up talking. He took the boy into another room and stood him in the corner. Five minutes later, a small boy came out of the first room and said, When can we have our teacher back?本节重难点 1. 状语从句的概念2. 状语从句中引导词的选择新课讲解并列句和状语从句句子的分类 主语+谓语 主语+谓语+宾语 简单句 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语 主语+系动词+表语 表并列：and; not onlybut also; neithernor; notbut并列句 表选择: or; eitheror; otherwise, or else句子 表转折: but; yet; while; however 表因果: so; for “这时，那时” when 形容词性从句（定语从句） 主语从句宾语从句复合句 名词性从句 表语从句 同位语从句副词性从句（状语从句）1. 常见的并列句 Work hard and you will succeed. Hurry up or you will be late. Some men are rich, while others are poor. He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music.when 可作并列连词，意为“那时，这时” was doingwhen had donewhen was about to do/was going to do/on the point of doingwhenwe were having a meeting when suddenly someone broke in.we were about to start out when it suddenly begun to rain. I had just gone to bed when the telephone rang.2. 时间状语从句 （1）as、when、while用法一览表。类别作 用例 句asas表示“当的时候”，往往和when/ while通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。随着She came up as I was cooking.(同时)The runners started as the gun went off.(几乎同时)As time goes by, its getting warmer and warmer.when(at or during the time that )既可以表示在某一点的时候，又可表示在某一段时间内，主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。It was raining when we arrived.(指时间点)When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段时间内)whilewhile意思是“当的时候”或“在某一段时间里”。主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生，从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。在when表示a period of time时，两者可以互换。Please dont talk so loud while others are working.He fell asleep while/when reading. Strike while the iron is hot.(用as或when不可，这里的while意思是“趁”)（2）引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有：till, until, not until Donget off the bus until it has stopped. 主句需用非延续性动词，表动作持续到某一点才开始。 He waited for his father until(till)it was twelve oclock. 主句需用延续性动词，表动作持续到某一点才结束。not until 的强调和倒装I had not any idea of it until you told me._before_We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land._We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired._Before I could get in a word, he had measured me._It wont be long before we meet again._It will be five years before he returns from England. It was a long time before he came back.Since _I have written home four times since I came here. _It is/has been three years since the war broke out.hardly / scarcely when, no sooner than, as soon as, once, immediately, the moment表示“一就”As soon as I have finished it , Ill give you a call.Once you show any fear, he will attack you. We had hardly got / Hardly had we got into the country when it began to rain.No sooner had he arrived / He had no sooner arrived than she started complaining.each time, every time, by the time, the first timeEach time he came to my city, he would call on me.2.地点状语从句：where, whereverMake a mark wherever you have any questions.We will go where the Party directs us.注意与定从的区别：You had better make a mark where you have any questions. at the place where you have any questions.3.原因状语从句：because, for, as, since, now thatbecause主句后,是全句中重要部分直接原因语气强，可回答whyfor主句后，可说可不说补充说明理由语气弱，不可回答whyas主句前，不重要的部分显而易见的理由语气弱，不可回答whySince, now that, considering, seeing that主句前双方都知道的原因语气弱，不可回答why4.目的状语从句： so that, in order that常与情态动词连用，不可置于句首。for fear that 害怕，担心发生某事。 in case 以防发生We spoke in whispersforfearthatwe might wake the baby.I decided to stay at home just in case my friends came round5.结果状语从句：that, so that, so that, such that so + 形容词/副词+ that从句；such +名词 + that从句 so many/much/few/little(少)+n. that so, such 置于句首，主句部分倒装 So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems. tooto, enough to He didnt get up early enough to catch the bus.= he got up too late to catch the bus.= he got up so late as to miss the bus.6.条件状语从句：if, unless, so (as) long as, in case(如果，万一), on condition that(条件是)，suppose/supposing (that)(假设，如果)， provided that(如果)In case we fail，we wont lose heart You will fail the exam unless you study hard.Suppose/supposing (that)they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help?7.方式状语从句：as, as if(though)Ill do as (I am) told to.It looks as if it is going to rain. The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own boy.8.让步状语从句（1）although与though可以引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用，但可以与yet连用。While放句首，也有尽管，虽然之意。as放句首，需倒装，n.前无冠词。even if/though(即使)Although they are poor,(yet)they are warm-hearted. Child as he is, he knows a lot.（2）no matter wh-， wh-ever等可引导状语从句。Dont trust him, no matter what / whatever he says.（状从）Whoever breaks the law will be punished.（名词性从句，不用no matter-wh）9. 比较状语从句 Your classroom is three times as big as ours. He is taller than any other boy in my class.10.注意状语从句中从句的省略现象（1）连接词 + 过去分词Dont speak until spoken to. Pressure can be increased when needed. Unless repaired, the washing machine is no use.（2）连词 +现在分词 Look out while crossing the street. (3) 连词+ to do He moved his lips as if (he were) to speak something.（4）连词 + 形容词/其他 常见的有if necessary、if possible、when necessary、if any等。课堂练习(2012) 1. I dont believe weve met before, _ I must say you do look familiar. A. thereforeB. althoughC. sinceD. unless2. You have to move out of the way _the truck cannot get past you. A. so B. orC. and D. but3. 1 had hardly got to the office _my wife phoned me to go back home at once.A. when B. than C. until D. after4. Everything was placed exactly _he wanted it for the graduation ceremony.A. while B. when C. where D. though5. He smiled politely_ Mary apologized for her drunken friends. A. as B. if C. unless D. though6. A number of high buildings have arisen _there was nothing a year ago but ruins.A. when B. where C. before D. until7. Hot _the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.A. although B. as C. while D. however8. All the photographs in this book, _ stated otherwise, date from the 1950s. A. unless B. until C. once D. if9. You can borrow my car _you promise not to drive too fast. A. unless B. even if C. in case D. as long as10. -Look at those clouds ! -Dont worry. _it rains, well still have a great time.A. Even if B. As though C. In case D. If only11. It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficulties _it gets more financial support from the European Union. A. if B. unless C. because D. since12. _I felt I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A. A. WhileB. OnceC. If D. Until13._ hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat. A. However B. Whatever C. Whichever D. Whenever14. Ones life has value _one brings value to the life of others. A. so thatB. no matter how C. as long asD. except that15. Leave your key with your neighbor _you lock yourself out one day.A. as long as B. even though C. in case D. as if16. Mike was usually so careful, _this time he made a small mistake. A. yet B. still C. even D. thus17. At school, some students are active _some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.A. while B. although C. so D. as18. If you happen to get lost in the wild, youd better stay _you are and wait for help.A. why B. where C. who D. what19. -Coach, can I continue with the training? -Sorry, you cant _you havent recovered from the kneeinjury.A. until B. before C. as D. unless20. I have a tight budget for the trip, so Im not going to fly _the airlines lower ticket prices.A. once B. if C. after D. unless21. The map is one of the best tools a man has _he goes to a new place. A. wheneverB. whateverC. whereverD. however反思与小结1.错题回顾 3. 你会选择正确的引导词了吗？ 作业布置今天的作业！Are you ready!单项选择2011年全国高考题组1 -Someone wants you on the phone. - _,nobody knows I am here. A. Although B. And C. But D. So2. It was a nice meal, _a little expensive. A. though B. whether C. as D. since3. Find ways to praise your children often, _ youll find they will open their hearts to you.A. till B. or C. and D. but 4. He had his camera ready _he saw something that would make a good picture. A. even ifB. if onlyC. in caseD. so that5. Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or _it is convenient to you.A. whenever B. however C. whichever D. wherever6._all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post. A. Since B. While C.If D. As7. It was April 29 ,2011_Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony. A. that B. when C. since D. before8. One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away _my daughter heard cries for help.A. after B. while C. since D. when9. It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine. _,wed better take it to the garage immediately.A. Otherwise B. If not C. But for that D. If so10. Jack wasnt saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him_ he had done something very clever.A. as if B. in case C. while D. though11. He had no sooner finished his speech _the students started cheering. A. since B. asC. when D. than12. To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off_ we are to shake hands with.A. whichever . B. whenever C. whoever D. wherever13. If a lot of people say a film is not good, I wont bother to see it, or Ill wait_it comes out on DVD.A. whether B. after C. though D. until14. Mary made coffee_ her guests were finishing their meal. A. so that B. although C. while D. as if15. The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, _accompanied by an adult. A. once B. when C. if D. unless16._you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.A. However a serious problem B. What a serious problem C. However serious a problem D. What serious a problem17._they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures.A. As B. While C. Until D. Once18. John thinks it wont be long _he is ready for his new job. A. when B. after C. before D. since19. The girl had hardly rung the bell _the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her.A. before B. until C. as D. since20. Just use this room for the time being, and well offer you a larger one_it becomes available.A. as soon as B. unless C. as far asD. until(2013)1. Theres no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery _ another man, also intelligent, fails. A. sinceB. ifC. asD. while2. I took my driving license with me on holiday, _I wanted to hire a car.A. in caseB. even ifC. ever sinceD. if only3. They promised to develop a software package by the end of this year, _ they might have.A. however difficult B. how difficult C. whatever difficultyD. what difficulty4. I cannot hear the profess or clearly as there is too much noise _ I am sitting.A. beforeB. until C. unless D. where5. small, the company has about 1,000 buyers in over 30 countries. A. As B. If C. Although D. Once6. In the global economy, a new drug for cancer, _ it is discovered, will create many economic possibilities around the world. A. whatever B. whoever C. wherever D. whichever7. Its much easier to make friends you have similar interests. A. unless B. when C. even though D. so that8. Its said that the power plant is now large as what it was.A. twice as B. as twice C. twice much D. much twice9. You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason _ you reach any decision.A. although B. before C. because D. unless10. I have heard a lot of good things about you I came back from abroad. A. since B. until C. before D. when11. Mark needs to learn Chinese _ his company is opening a branch in Beijing. A. unlessB. until C. althoughD. since12. _I have to give a speech, I get extremely nervous before I start. A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Whoever D. However13. _ we have enough evidence, we cant win the case. A. Once B. As long as C. Unless D. Since14. He is so busy. He cannot afford enough time with his son _ he wants to.A. even if B. as if C. because D. before15.There are a small number of people involved, possibly _twenty.A. as few as B. as little asC. as many asD. as much as16.She says that shell have to close the shop _ business improves. A. if B. unlessC. after D. when17. One can always manage to do more things, no matter _full ones schedule is in life.A. howB. what C. whenD. where完形填空I used to be a very self-centered person, but in the past two years I have really changed. I have started to think about other people 36 I think about myself. I am happy that I am becoming a 37 person. I think my 38 started when I was at Palomar College. At first, I just wanted to get my 39 and be left alone. I thought I was smarter than everyone else, so I hardly ever 40 to anyone in my classes. By the end of my first semester, I was really 41 . It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun. So tried a (n) 42 . I started asking people around me how they were doing, and if they were having trouble I 43 to help. That was really a big 44 for me. By the end of the year, I had several new friends, and two of 45 are still my best friends today. A bigger cause of my new 46 , however, came when I took a part-time job at a Vista Nursing Home. One old lady there who had Alzheimers disease became my 47 . Every time I came into her room, she was so 48 because she thought I was her daughter. Her real daughter never 49 her, so I took her place. She let me 50 that making others feel good make me feel good, too, when she died, I was