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通知与启事通知通知是上级对下级、组织对成员部署工作、传达事情或召开会议所使用的一种文体。同级单位有什么事情要互相讨论或协商，也可以互发通知。另外，凡婚丧喜庆及某一特殊事务发生，对至亲好友或有关人士都应该及时发出通知。通知有两种：一种是以布告的形式，把事情通知有关人员，如学生、教师、会员、读者、听众、观众等；另一种是以书信的形式，把事情传达给有关人员。通知有一定的格式和要求，要言简意赅，要热情，更要及时。一般来说要注意以下几点：1）通知正文上方的正中间往往写有“Notice”的字样。2）发布通知的单位名称写在正文右下角或正文前面。3）发布通知的日期写在左下角。4）发布通知的单位和被通知的对象一般都用第三人称。5）如果正文前使用了人称谓语，对被通知的对象则应用第二人称。6）为文娱或体育节目等而出的通知就是海报 (Poster)。例如以下是外语系办公室通知全体师生开会的通知：AnnouncementAll teachers and students in our department are requested to meet in the meeting room on Wednesday, Sept. 18, at 2: p.m. for a report about new tendency of foreign language study. The Office of the Foreign Language DepartmentSept. 13, 2004范例有时，为了引起大家的注意，通知也可全部用大写字母，书写格式也可随意。如范例2：NOTICEA LECTURE WILL BE GIVENONCONTEMPORARY AMERICAN LITERATUREBY VISITING PROF. CORNELLIN CLASSROOM BUILDING NO.102ON SAT.APRIL18.AT 3:00 P.M.ALL ARE WARMLY WELCOMEAPRIL 15, 1992 启事机关、团体、个人在有什么需要公开向大家说明或者希望大家合作办理事情时，把它简明扼要地写出来，张贴在公共场所或登在报刊、杂志上的短文，就是启事。启事不具备法令性、政策性，因而也没有强制性和约束性。启事的对象可参与启事中所要求的事，也可以不参与。一般地，英语启事的写法如下：1）在正上方写启事的名称，如Found, Contributions Wanted, Correction等;2）在低于启事名称的右上方写启示的日期，如February 2nd, 2004或 2 February，20043）在正中写启事的内容，一般应包括目的、意义、内容、形式、要求等；4）末尾右下方写启事者的单位姓名。启事的种类繁多，分为以下几种：遗失启事、招领启事、征稿启事、迁移启事、更正启事、订婚启事、出生启事等等。范例：LostSept. 4, 2004 I was so careless that I lost my school bag when I was studying in the library yesterday. As you know, schoolbag is very important for me as a student because several necessities were in it, including my English-Chinese Dictionary of Contemporary English, my three textbooks and a notebook. As our final examination is coming and time is flying, I am too anxious to get them back so that I can prepare for the exam. Will the finder please ring me up to fetch it back? I will sing a sweet song for you as a reward, my dear friend. Loser Li Ming Address: Room 409, Student Dorm. 2Tel: 7765432 邀请信、应邀函 （一）邀请信在国际交往、亲友通信的社交活动中，邀请信是相当频繁的，特别是在宴会、舞会、婚礼等活动中，总是发出一些邀请的请帖。邀请信在形式上大致分为两种：一种为正式的请帖（formal correspondence）一种为非正式的 (informal correspondence)。1写邀请信要注意的事项：1) 邀请信一定要将邀请的时间，地点，场合写清，不能使接信人存在任何顾虑。范例1Dear Mr. Smith,It would give us great pleasure to have your presence at a reception in honor of the Chinese delegation.The reception will be held in the City Hall, on Tuesday, October the fourth. Cocktails will be served promptly at six to be followed by dinner at eight.We sincerely hope you can attend. Let us know. Sincerely (Signature)2) 邀请信的形式比较灵活，但一般不要过长，一般的邀请信分为两小段，意思表达清楚即可。Dear Mr. RiceAre you free for dinner on Monday, sep.8, 2004? If you are, Id like it so much if you could join us at 6:00 in the afternoon at 10 Peter St.This will give us an opportunity to talk about investment and exchange views. Do let me know if you can make it. Cordially, Tom 范例23) 在欧美国家，邀请对方参加夜间活动时，除了只写给男士参加的社交活动的邀请信外，无论正式或非正式的，都应邀请夫妻双方一同参加。对于非正式的邀请信，信封上的收信人只写妻子的姓名，但正文应专门提到丈夫。2写正式请帖应注意的事项：1）正式请帖均应该使用第三人称2）请帖上要写邀请人的姓名，被邀请人的姓名，（姓名要写全名，不要缩写）3）何种性质的邀请，地点甚至是电话号码，要否回信等。范例3Mr. and Mrs. John Hobart Request the pleasure of Mr. And Mrs. Robert Silvers Company at dinner On Tuesday April the third At seven oclock p.m. Island Beach Club Please reply Telephone 7958690上面的请帖排列比较标准，第一行为主人的姓名，第二行是“request the pleasure of”，第三行是客人的姓名，第四行是“company at”，第五行是日期，第六行是时间，第七行是地点，行与行之间要排均匀。3非正式的邀请如邀请亲朋好友，可以不寄发正式的请帖，写普通的信笺即可，手写或打字均可，文字最好简练，热情。范例4Dear Mr. and Mrs. Silver,Will you have dinner with us at our home on Tuesday, April the third at seven oclock?It has been a long time since we had the pleasure of seeing you and we do hope you will find it possible to be with us. Sincerely yours, Janet Hobart （二）应邀函应邀函又称邀请信的复信，应简明扼要，在书写时应注意以下几点：1接受邀请的复信中应重复写上邀请信中的某些内容，如邀请年、月、日、星期几、几点钟等。如：Ill be delighted to attend your luncheon next Friday, May the fifth at 12:00.2应邀函应该明确地表明接受邀请，不能含糊其辞。如不能写“I will come if Im in town”这类的话，以使得对方无法做出安排。在应邀函中，应对受到邀请感到高兴。3应邀函通常采用手写形式，而不用打字机打。以妻子代表夫妻两人写给女主人的应邀函，信中的内容应该是给男女主人的。4出于对邀请人的礼貌，邀请信的复信应在接到邀请信后二十四小时内给予答复。范例1 Mr. and Mrs. John Hebantrequest the pleasure ofMr. and Mrs. Robert SilversCompany at dinneron Tuesday, April 3rdat seven p.m.Island Beach ClubPlease Telephone: 79-5869Mr. and Mrs. Robert Silveraccept with pleasureMr. and Mrs. John Hebants kind invitationfor dinneron Tuesday, April 3rdat seven p.m.Island Beach Club如罗伯特西尔弗夫妇欣然接受邀请，应立即回信： 谢绝函谢绝函要求简明扼要，要写明谢绝的理由，出于对邀请人的礼貌，谢绝函应该在接到邀请后24小时给予答复，应阐明原因，语气要委婉。谢绝函一般分为谢绝不相识的人的邀请，谢绝晚宴的邀请，谢绝共同度过周末的邀请，谢绝晚餐或午餐的邀请，谢绝演讲的邀请，谢绝学校的录取，对迟复邀请表示歉意。范例1Dear Mrs. Brown,I have heard so much about Lambert from Jane that I almost feel as though I know him. I would certainly enjoy meeting his mother!But unfortunately I expect guests myself on Friday, the seventh of May; and therefore can not accept your invitation for lunch on that day.It was thoughtful of you to invite me, and I am extremely sorry I can not accept. I do hope you will ask me again some time! Sincerely yours,Betty 贝蒂范例2Dear Mary,I am so sorry we cant come to your supper Sunday night. Bobs mother is coming to visit us from Boston, and we are going to meet her at the railway station that night. Thanks for asking us, Mary We certainly hate to miss any of your parties, they are always such fun! Affectionately, AnnAffectionately谢绝函的常用语：1. But unfortunately I expect guests myself and therefore cant accept your invitation for lunch on that day. 但很不凑巧, 我那天要自己招待客人, 因此不能接受您的邀请了。2. Under the circumstances, we cant make any plans for the weekend. 在这种情况下, 我们周末就不能做其他安排了。3. Please tell them how sorry we are not to have been able to join them for the weekend. 请告诉他们, 我们不能同他们一起度过周末了。4. Thank you very much for your invitation to join your company at your banquet. 非常感谢你发出的出席由贵公司举办的宴会邀请。5. Please accept my regrets and I will try to make it next year. 未能出席, 深表歉意, 我争取明年参加。6. Unfortunately I have other plans for the date you mention, but shall be happy to make a date for some other convenient time.很遗憾, 由于有其他安排, 故不能赴约。 我很愿意在方便的时候去拜会。 祝贺信在西方 ，得知朋友订婚、结婚、生孩子、升职等都要写信祝贺。祝贺信如同一般的简短书信，可长可短，格式上无特别的要求，但书写时要做到真诚、自然、亲切动人，内容上可尽情发挥。祝贺信一般分为：节日的祝贺、生日的祝贺、结婚的祝贺、庆贺乔迁之喜、祝贺考上大学和就业。1祝贺信应注意的几点：1) 祝贺朋友订婚、结婚或升职等应把要祝贺的事写明，不能写I have heard the news and hasten to congratulate you.而应写成Ive heard the news of your engagement and hasten to congratulate you.2) 祝贺信一般写给新郎，在信中向新娘表示同样的美好祝愿。2祝贺信的内容可包括：1) 祝贺2) 说明对方当之无愧的理由，祝对方进一步成功。范例1 （对求学的祝贺）Dear Fang Ying, I have just learned of your graduation from the Engineering School and your plans to go on to Toronto University for your masters degree. After many years hard work, your dream will really come true. No one could deserve it than you. I still remember how you stayed up late to do researching work in the dormitory and how you were engrossed in many works in the library.Your diligence and your talents indicate a brilliant future. May your future be as successful as your university days have been.Fondly,Wang PingBeijing, China March 21, 2004Dear Jack,I recall that your birthday is just around the corner and suppose your family is planning some surprise for you. Being far apart on both sides of the ocean, I cannot stretch my hand to shake with you. So I hasten to offer you my heartiest congratulations and best wishes for many happy returns of your birthday. Affectionately yours, (Signature)范例2 （对生日的祝贺）3写贺信的参考词句：祝贺节日的参考词句1) With best wishes for a blissful Easter to you all.敬祝复活节快乐2) Wishing you blessed St. Valentines Day and joyful holidays. 敬祝情人节快乐3) Wishing you the best of bliss and blessing in the New Years Day (Christmas). 敬祝新年 / 圣诞节快乐祝贺生日的参考词句1) With my wholehearted congratulations and best wishes for many happy returns of your birthday.衷心祝你健康长寿。2) Wishing you many happy returns of your birthday.祝你长寿。3) All my family unite or join with me in sending you hearty greeting on your happy birthday.我们全家大小祝你生日快乐。祝贺结婚的参考词句1) Sincere congratulations from the bottom of my heart on your marriage.衷心祝贺你们喜结良缘。2) Accept my heartiest congratulations on the happiest event of your life.对你们一生中最大的喜事，请接受我由衷的祝贺。3) With best wishes for your wedding.恭贺你们的婚礼。4) I congratulate you whole heartedly on your marriage. May this significant bond fruit everlasting felicity on your new family.在你们幸福的时刻，我衷心表示祝愿，但愿这种意义深长的结合为你们的新家庭结出长久的幸福之果。5) Accept my sincere congratulation on your marriage with Miss 对于你与某女士的结婚喜事，请接受我衷心的祝贺。6)The news reaching me of your recent wedding, I beg to offer my most sincere congratulations. 欣悉你们最近结婚，谨致以最衷心的祝贺。祝贺毕业、就业的参考词句1) I wish to congratulate you on your daughters finishing high school and successfully entering the Princeton University. 供贺你的女儿高中毕业顺利并考取普林斯顿大学。2) Hearty felicitations on your completing the postgraduate course and acquiring the degree of Master of Science.恭喜你完成研究生的课程并获得理科硕士学位。3) Please add my warmest congratulations to the large chorus of friends acclaiming your graduation. 请将我的热忱祝贺，加在你毕业的欢呼声中。其它的表示祝贺的词句： 1) I congratulate you most sincerely on the birth of a girl. 谨以至诚，恭贺你们喜得千金。2) With best wishes for the health of both your treasure. 致以良好祝贺，恭贺母子平安。 3) I beg to present my best wishes for the quick recovery of your health. / Your many friends are hoping for your quick return to health./ We are sure it wont be long before you are back on your feet again. 祝您早日康复。/ 您的朋友希望您尽快康复。 4) I am deeply inspired by your brave fight against the illness and wish to send you here by my whole-hearted felicitations on your recovery. 您与病魔奋战，使我深受感动，谨以至诚敬，祝您早日康复。5) It is greatly rejoicing for me to hear that you are now completely recuperated from illness. 欣闻贵体康复，无比高兴。6) It is a great relief to know that you have got well enough to leave hospital.欣悉您康复出院，至诚慰藉。7) Thank you very much for your warm greetings on my recovery. 十分感谢您对我康复的热情祝贺。8) Hearty greetings on your settling down in your newly-built house. 衷心祝贺您定居新屋。9) I hope your new dwelling will bring you and your family loads of fortune and good health. 谨祝您的新居将为您全家带来鸿运和安康。感谢信感谢信是日常生活中应用普遍的信件类型。感谢信的篇幅可长可短，但应该写得认真而热切，写出真实的感情。应注意在对馈赠礼物的感谢信中，要提到具体的礼物，不要写“Thanks for your beautiful gift.”而要写成“Thanks for the beautiful clothes.”，同时将礼物加以赞赏，使送礼人感到高兴。范例1Dear Gentrude,What a wonderful Christmas gift those leather gloves are! You certainly know my taste and my insatiable appetite for gloves.Thanks so much, it is very thoughtful of you to have remembered me so kindly at the Yuletide I really do appreciate your great friendship behind the gift as well as the gift itself. Yours affectionately,Julia范例2 感谢别人的指教：Dear Professor Jackson,It is just two months since I consulted with you about choosing my job and I want to assure you that I appreciate your help.Your advice has been invaluable, and I have followed the course you recommended with gratifying results. I took the job and consider it the wisest step I could have taken.I would like to express my gratitude, along with my very best wishes. Cordially, Julia您真诚的王刚供写感谢信的参考词句：1）Thanks a million. or Thanks ever so much.非常感谢。2）Oceans of thanks.感谢之至。3）I cant tell you how much your letter delighted (received, amused) me.我不知道怎样告诉你，你那封信使我多么愉快。4）I love the way you say (put) things in your letters. You make even the smallest incident seem so interesting (important, charming, mysteries).我喜欢读你信中说明事情的方式，连极小的事，你都写的很有趣（重要，迷人，玄妙）。5）It was good (characteristically thoughtful more than kind) of you你真好（考虑周到，太客气）。6）It is generous of you to take so much interest in my work (to give me so much of your time, to show me so much of your consideration).对我的工作这样关心（花费这么多时间，对我如此关心，你太好了）。7）Expected gifts are a pleasure to receive but unexpected remembrances are even a greater joy.接受希望得到的礼品是一种愉快，但接受意想不到的纪念品是更大的乐事。8）The wedding gift you sent us is one of the most beautiful we received. It now occupies the most prominent place on my mantel.您赠送的结婚礼品是我们收到的礼品中最美丽的一件，现在我们把它放在壁炉台上最显眼的地方。9）I find an ordinary “thank you” entirely inadequate to tell you how much我觉得一般的字眼完全不足以表达我对您多么的10) This is to thank you again for your wonderful hospitality and to tell you how much I enjoyed seeing you again.对您的热情款待，再次表示感谢，并向您表示我多么高兴能见到您。11) Many thanks for remembering my birthday and for your praiseful remarks.非常感谢您还记得我的生日，对您的赞美之词很是感激。12) I cannot thank you adequately for your kindness in visiting me frequently while I was in hospital. 在我住院期间，承一再探望，实笔墨难以表达我的感谢。慰问信 慰问信一般用于对患病或患难家属的慰问，慰问信应写得真切，注意措辞。对轻病或小损失，慰问信应写得轻松一些，而对病情严重或重大损失，信就得写得深沉些。慰问信的内容可包括：表示遗憾、表示安慰、询问对方是否需要帮助以及祝对方早日康复写慰问信时注意：1写给受伤病人的信要简短、中肯，信中不必询问事故发生的过程、原因、见证人等。2慰问信中应写一些被慰问者喜欢熟悉的事，如病人的爱好、兴趣，以使病人得到宽慰。Dear Jack,I was sorry to learn of your illness. You must hurry and get well. Everybody misses you, and we are all hoping you will be back soon. Sincerely, Tom范例1 慰问病人SDear Mrs. Harper,I would like to express my sorrow at the recent death of your husband. In the long time it was my privilege to enjoy professor of Harpers friendship. I found him a sincere and helpful associate, with whom it was a pleasure to work. The knowledge that my thoughts are with you at his time will, I hope, be of some comfort to you. Truly yours, Margaret范例2（慰问丧偶的朋友） 慰问信常用词句：1表示惊悉Im very sorry to hear ofIm very sorry to hear thatI regret to hearIm much grieved to hearIm deeply distressed to hearIm shocked to hearIt is with great concern that I hear of your illness.It is with great anxiety that I hear ofI cannot tell you how sad I felt when I was told2表示“如有用我之处，请别犹豫” If you want me to do anything, do not hesitate to let me know. If I can be any assistance to you, I hope you will let me know at once. If I can be delighted to serve you to the best of my ability. I shall be delighted if I can do anything for you. If I can be any service to you, remember that to aid you is ever the sincere wish of your loving friend.3表示“我希望你收到此信时，你的身体已有好转”或“祝你早日康复” I hope that by the time this letter reaches you, youll be feeling much better. Wish you speedy recovery. 申诉信申诉信的内容可包括以下几个方面：第一， 提出抱怨并表示遗憾；第二， 说明不满的原因及由此造成的不便；第三， 提出纠正的建议或敦促对方采取措施范例Dear Sir or Madam,I hate to complain, but recently one thing really disturbs me. Last weekend, my mother and I went to your store and purchased a suite of furniture. To be honest, it is actually one of the most beautiful suites of furniture Ive ever seen. However, it gives off terrible odor every minute. As a consequence, my parents and I suffer from that terrible smell day and night. We are not able to sleep well at night. It inevitably has a bad effect on our work. Meanwhile, it does spoil our daily life seriously. You see, we have to sleep with the windows open in such freeing winter. But, even so it is not helpful to alleviate the order at all. However, my father has got a bad cold .Im afraid that terrible odor will do harm to our health. Thus, Im so anxious about the bad effects brought to my family. If you could do something necessary to change this situation, say, substitute another qualified one for this or allow us to refund, I would be grateful. Yours truly, Wang Hai 申诉信常用语句：1表示“很抱歉，我不得不抱怨”或“我是你们的老客户，对你们的服务一直很满意，可这次你们令我失望了。”1）I really hate to complain, but one thing really disturbs recently. 2）Much to my regret, I write this to place a complaint against one of your shop-assistants about his bad service.3）I am sorry to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a serious complaint.4）I have been your customer for years and I always appreciate your good service. But I have to say you disappointed me this time.2表示“我建议” 1）As a long-term customer, I suggest 2）I highly suggest that you take some steps to 3表示“我希望”1）I hope you could solve the problem in two days.2）I hope you will look into this unsatisfactory state of affairs and take steps to prevent such a kind of thing from happening again.3）If you could do anything necessary to change this situation, I would be grateful.道歉信因过失或疏忽做错了事，给别人带来了麻烦或损失，发觉后要马上写信给对方赔礼道歉，这是礼貌的做法。道歉信可长可短，只要把要表达的歉意表达清楚即可。写这类信时要注意以下几点：1 先要向对方道歉，态度要真诚、诚恳、坦率。2 写清过失或疏忽的原因。3说明补救方法。4请求别人的谅解。范例1 因未能及时归还借书而写道歉信（Because of unable to ret