博客语类论文个人博客中性别身份的话语构建.doc

博客语类论文：个人博客中性别身份的话语构建【中文摘要】本文致力于从批评话语分析的角度研究博客语类中性别身份的话语构建。作为计算机为媒介语篇的一种最新语类,个人博客,为博主(尤其是青少年博主),提供了一个新的表达、构建其社会身份的平台,其中性别身份是社会身份的一个重要方面。自上个世纪90年代以来,许多研究者对以计算机为媒介的通信进行了大量的研究,一些研究者将其研究重点放在性别差异上。但是对于以计算机为媒介的语篇中,性别身份是如何得以表达及构建的系统性的研究,却寥寥无几。因此,本文将对语篇和性别之间关系的实证研究延伸到博客语类中,是探究青少年博主(年纪在13到18岁之间)是如何在博客语类中表达、构建其性别身份的。本文的主要任务就是要在分析大量数据的基础上,探究个人博客是如何为青少年博主们的性别身份的表达及构建提供了一个新的语境。本文的两个主要研究问题是：(1)青少年博主们是如何在博客语篇中表达其性别身份的；(2)青少年博主们是如何在博客语篇中构建其性别身份的。为了解决这两个主要问题,本文采用多种研究方法。首先,本文采用内容分析法来分析青少年个人博客中性别身份表达的各个方面,为之后分析其个人博客中性别身份的话语构建做好准备；其次,本文采用批评话语分析作为青少年个人博客中性别身份话语构建研究的理论及分析框架。具体是将Ruth Wodak等人在对民族身份的话语构建的研究过程中提出的身份构建理论作为本文的理论框架基础,将Norman Fairclough的三维分析框架作为本文数据分析的基本分析框架。最后,本文结合语料库语言学中的一些研究方法,来弥补批评话语分析的不足,比如,对文本的任意选择以及用于分析的文本数量有限等。总之,通过对100个青少年博主的博客进行定性、定量分析,本文有助于阐释青少年博主的性别身份是如何在博客语篇中得以表达、构建的。从青少年博主在博客中对其性别身份的表达的角度来说,个人博客为青少年搭建了一个可以探索、表达、以及实现他们的性别身份的平台,主要是从以下几个方面：个人信息披露、用户名选择、头像选择、情感符使用、以及个人博客的社会特性等。从青少年博主在博客中对其性别身份的话语构建的角度来说,本文的研究表明,青少年博主主要是从三个方面对其性别身份进行构建：博文主题(例如：日常生活、学校生活、兴趣爱好、感情状况、感想、亲友、性取向等)、语篇策略(建设性策略、永久化及正当化策略、转换策略、分解或破坏策略)以及语言手段(词汇层面、句法层面、语用层面)。总之,本文认为,虽然语言的使用本身并不预设性别,也不预示性别身份,但是话语实践(例如,写博客)确实与社会实践(性别身份构建)辩证地联系着。因此,通过对青少年的博客语类进行批判性话语分析,本文有助于更好地理解青少年是如何在博客语类中对其性别身份进行表达以及构建的。【英文摘要】This thesis aims to study the discursive construction of gender identities (masculinities and femininities) in the genre of personal weblogs from the perspective of critical discourse analysis (CDA).As a latest genre of computer-mediated discourse (CMD), personal weblogs are offering a new forum for the presentation and construction of the social identities of bloggers (especially teenage bloggers), with gender identity being an important dimension.Since the 1990s, there have been a lot of general studies in the field of computer-mediated communication (CMC) and some researches in this field that highlight the most commonly found gender differences. However, relatively little systemic work has explored the presentation and construction of gender identities in CMD, especially the weblog discourse.Therefore, this study extends the empirical investigation of the discourse and gender relationship to personal weblogs, to gain a convincing understanding of the way gender identities of teenage (ages 13-18) bloggers are discursively constructed in personal weblogs.The main task of this study then is to answer some basic questions about how personal weblogs open up a new context for gender identity construction of teenage bloggers, based on a large amount of language data. Two major research questions thus are addressed in this study:1) How are gender identities presented in teenagers personal weblogs? 2) How are gender identities of teenage bloggers discursively constructed in and through the weblog discourse?In order to address these questions, various approaches are employed in this thesis. First, content analysis is conducted in this thesis to examine various aspects of the presentation of gender identities in personal weblogs, laying the foundation for further analysis of the discursive construction of gender identities of teenage bloggers in personal weblogs. Second, CDA is employed as the basic theoretical and analytical framework for the analysis of the discursive construction of gender identities of teenage bloggers in personal weblogs. Specifically, this study adopts (1) Ruth Wodak et al.s (1999,2009) theory of discursive construction of identity, formed in their studies on the discursive construction of national identity, as the background to the theoretical framework and (2) Norman Faircloughs three-dimensional framework for CDA (1992,1995) as the background to the analytical framework for data analysis. Third, this study draws support from methods in corpus linguistics (CL) to address the common criticisms about traditional CDA concerning its arbitrary selection of text and its analysis of a small quantity of texts.Through qualitative and quantitative analysis of 100 randomly selected teenage blogs, this study sheds some light on the way gender identities of teenage bloggers are presented and constructed in the weblog discourse.In terms of the presentation of gender identities of teenage bloggers in personal weblogs, this study finds that personal blogs provide a platform where teenagers can explore, present and perform their identities online, especially gender identities, in terms of personal information disclosure, online name selection, avatar selection, emoticons use and social characteristics of personal weblogs.In terms of the discursive construction of gender identities of teenage bloggers in personal weblogs, it is found in this study that teenage bloggers construct their gender identities mainly from three dimensions:blog themes or topics (e.g., daily events, school, interests and hobbies, romantic relationships, feelings and thoughts, families and friends, etc), discursive strategies (constructive strategies, perpetuation and justification strategies, transformation strategies and dismantling or destructive strategies) and linguistic means or devices (on the lexical level, syntactic level and pragmatic level).In conclusion, this study suggests that though discourse does not presuppose gender or gender identity, discursive practices (e.g., blogging) indeed interrelate dialectically with social practices (gender identity construction). Therefore, through critical discourse analysis of the weblog discourse, this study helps better interpret the presentation and discursive construction of gender identities of teenage bloggers in personal weblogs.【关键词】博客语类 性别身份 表达 话语构建 批评话语分析【英文关键词】genre of weblog gender identity presentation discursive construction CDA【目录】个人博客中性别身份的话语构建Abstract8-9中文摘要10-12List of Tables12-13Chapter one Introduction13-191.1 Research object: personal weblogs13-161.1.1 Definition of weblog13-141.1.2 Emergence and development of weblogs14-151.1.3 Selection of personal weblogs as object of this study15-161.2 Rationale of the thesis161.3 Research questions and assumptions16-171.4 Outline of the thesis17-19Chapter Two Literature Review19-302.1 Language and gender research19-222.1.1 The emergence of the field192.1.2 The development of the field19-202.1.3 The profusion of the field20-222.2 Language and identity research22-232.3 Basic concepts concerning gender identity in previous studies23-242.4 Gender identity in discourse analysis24-272.5 Gender identity in the weblog discourse27-302.5.1 Age and gender characteristics of the blogosphere27-282.5.2 Gender differences in weblogs28-30Chapter Three Theoretical and Analytical Framework30-443.1 Content analysis30-343.1.1 Personal information disclosure31-323.1.2 Online name selection323.1.3 Avatar selection32-333.1.4 Emoticon use33-343.1.5 Social characteristics343.2 CDA:discourse as social practice34-423.2.1 Theoretical framework:Ruth Wodaks theory of discursive construction ofidentity36-403.2.2 Analytical framework:Norman Faircloughs three-dimensional framework forCDA40-423.3 Summary42-44Chapter Four Methodology44-564.1 Research method44-484.1.1 Necessity for combination of CDA and CL444.1.2 Feasibility for combination of CDA and CL44-464.1.3