人教新版英语八年级上教案(U2).doc

教学内容八年级上册第2单元知识要点复习重点难点谈论生活习惯，一般现在时教学目标掌握本单元词组和句型教学过程课 前检 查与交流作业完成情况交流与沟通针对性授课课前检测一. 选择填空 ( )1. Mr Wang is leaving _ Guangzhou next week. A. to B. with C. in D. for ( )2. -_ is it from your home to school? -Three miles. A. How far B. How much C. How soon D. How long ( )3. It will take the men half a year _ the work. A. finish B. finishing C. to finish D. finishes ( )4. I often go to work _. A. ride my bike B. by bike C. by a bike D. on bike ( )5. _do they play basketball?Every day.AHow soon BHow much CHow many DHow often 二、完成句子1.你多久锻炼一次？ do you exercise?2.他周末通常做什么？What do you usually do ?3.晚上你通常睡几个小时？ hours do you usually sleep at night?4.她几乎不看电视。She watches TV.5.多喝牛奶对健康有好处。Drinking too much milk your health.知识要点回顾Section A1. help with housework 帮助做家务 （1） help with sth. 意为“帮助做某事”拓展：help sb. with sth.= help sb. （to） do sth. 帮助某人做某事Eg: 我经常帮他学习英语。 （2）housework 意为“家务劳动”。不可数名词。They have housework to do. A. many B. much2. sometimes 有时辨析：sometimes ，some times ，sometime ， some timesometimes 有时候。=at times也是“有时”的意思。提问用how oftensome times 几次。time作可数名词时可作“次数”解；表示“时间”时是不可数名词。How mang timessometime 某个时候。可指过去或将来的某个时候。提问用whensome time 一段时间。常与for连用。对它提问用how long 。口诀记忆：分开“一段时间” ；相聚“某个时候”。Eg：Sometimes I get up very late. 有时我起床很晚。I will go to shanghai sometime next week. 下周某个时候我要去上海。He reads the story some times. 他读这个故事几遍了。Ill stay here for some time. 我将会在这儿呆一段时间。练习： We plan to stay in Hainan for . 我们打算在海南呆一段时间。 I am sure that we have met before. 我肯定我们之前见过几次了。 I have letters from him. 有时我会收到他的来信。3. hardly ever 几乎不 hardly ever相当于hardly eg：There is hardly any food left. 几乎没有食物剩下。辨析：hardly 与hardhardly 几乎不，一般位于动词之前。 hard 努力，位于动词之后。eg：He hardly works. 他几乎不工作。 He works hard. 他工作努力。4. use the Internet 用互联网use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事eg：I use a knife to cut bread. 我用刀切面包。短语：on the Internet 在网上 ， surf the Internet 网上冲浪，上网5. Whats your favorite program？ 你最喜欢的节目是什么？句型：你最喜欢的.是什么？Whats your favorite.?=What. do you like best？ 你最喜欢的动物是什么？ Whats your favorite animal？= _6. Are you free next week？ 你下周有空吗？ free 意为“空闲的，有空的”，反义词 。 be free 意为“闲着，有空”eg:：他现在有空。_拓展：free还可译为“免费的”Eg：The tickets are free. 票是免费的。7. . next week is quite full for me. 下周对我来说相当忙 quite full 很忙，相当忙.拓展：full 还可译为“满的，充满的”。Eg：The bus was full when they got there. 翻译_full 还可译为“饱的”。Eg：I cant eat any more，I am quite full. 我不能再吃了，我相当饱了。8. How come? 怎么会？ 怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句，相当于疑问句 whyhow come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。How come Tom didnt come to the party?= Why didnt Tom come to the party?9. I have dance and piano lessons. 我要上舞蹈课和英语课。have 在此意为“上课”。Eg: Theyre having an English lesson. 他们正在上英语课。扩展：have lessons 上课 ， Lesson One 第一课10. Well ，how about Tuesday？ 哦，那周二呢？How about.? (=What about.?) 意为“怎么样？”，用来征求对方的意见。Eg: 这本书怎样？_How / What about doing sth. .? 做怎么样？Eg：-What will we do on Sunday？ 星期天我们什么？-去参观博物馆咋样？_Its sunny today，What about _（play）tennis？11. I go to the movies maybe once a month. 我大概每月去看一次电影。go to the movies _maybe 意为“也许，大概，可能”，常位于句首。Eg：Maybe he knows Tom. 也许他认识Tom。辨析：maybe 和may bemaybe “也许，大概，可能”。（一般放句首）Maybe you are right. 也许你是对的。may be “可能是，也许是”。 为“情态动词+be动词”结构。（位于句中）You may be right. 你也许是对的。Lily an English teacher. Lily可能是一名英语老师。=_12. He plays at least twice a week. 他至少每周踢两次（球）。at least 意为“至少”。其反义词为at most “最多”。Eg：There are at least 1,500 students in our school. _。Section B1. But my mother wants me to drink it. 但我妈妈想让我喝它。want sb. to do sth. 意为“想让某人做某事”，否定形式为want sb. not to do sth. 意为“不想让某人做某事”。Eg：She wants me to bring him some pens. 她想让我给她带些钢笔。拓展：want sth. 想要某物你想要些故事书吗？_want to do sth. 想要做某事我想去看望我的叔叔。_Do you want （tell）me anything？2. She says its good for my health. 她说它对我的健康有好处。be good for 意为“对有益”。反义词：be for “对有害”。Eg: Vegetables are good for you. 蔬菜对你有好处。拓展：be good at 擅长. be good at doing sth. 擅长做.I am good at （play）basketball.3. Last month we asked our students about their free time activities. 上个月我们向学生询问了他们业余活动的情况。ask sb. about sth. “询问某人关于某事”Eg:I asked my teacher about todays homework. _。4. Here are the results. 这是（调查）结果。 here 位于句首，句子要倒装当主语是名词性短语时，要用全倒装，即“here +谓语+主语”；当主语是人称代词时，要用半倒装，即“here+ 主语+谓语”。Eg：Here is your jacket. 这是你的夹克。Here he comes. 他来到这儿。Here comes the bus. 汽车来了。5.twenty percent students dont exercise at all. 百分之20的学生根本不锻炼。. 百分数由percent来表示，构成：基数词+percent 。Eg：Seventy percent of the boys like playing computer games. 男生中70%喜欢完电脑游戏。 not. at all 意为“一点儿也不，根本不”。Eg：I dont know about it at all. 对那件事我一点也不知道。拓展：not at all = you are welcome 意为“不用谢，不客气”。Eg：-Thank you for your help. -Not at all.6. Although many students like to watch sports，game shows are the most popular. 尽管许多学生喜欢看运动类节目，但游戏类节目是最受欢迎的。although 连词。意为“虽然，尽管”。but 意为“但是”。注意：although与but不能同时使用。Eg：Although it rained，the boys still played outside.= It rained，but the boys still played outside. 尽管天下雨了，但男孩们仍在外面玩耍。My cousin knows a lot about geography， he is only four years old.A. because B. so C. although7. It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows. 通过上网或看游戏类节目是很好的放松方式。句中it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。此句型结构为：Its+adj+（for sb.）+to do sth. 意为 “（对某人来说）做某事是的”。Eg：Its very important to listen carefully in class. 上课认真听讲很重要。Its easy for us to swim. 对我们来说游泳很容易。Its very hard for him to study English. _-I often have hamburgers for unch.-Youd better not. Its bad for you too much junk food.A.eat B.to eat C.eating D. ate8.Exercise such as playing sports is fun，and you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together. 比如进行体育活动这方面的锻炼就是有趣的，当你们一起运动的时候你可以和朋友、家人一起度过时光。such as 意为“比如，例如”。Eg: I have a lot of hobbies, such as reading and singing. 我有许多爱好，比如读书和唱歌。spend 意为“度过” 或“花费（时间、金钱）”。Eg: Come and spend the weekend with us. 来和我们一起度过周末吧。拓展： spend timemoney on sth. 在.上花费时间或金钱He didnt spend much time on his homework. 他没在作业方面花很多时间。I spend 200 yuan on a new coat. _ spend timemoney （in） doing sth. 花费时间或金钱做某事Dont spend too much time watching TV. 不要花费太多时间看电视。He always spend his time playing football. _Eg: I enjoy playing computer games, but I cant too much time that.A. take, doing B. spend, doing C. spend, for doing D. take, to do9. However, she has some bad habits, too. 然而她也有一些坏习惯。 however 意为“然而，不过”。可以位于句首、句中、句末。但要用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开。Eg: She was ill. However, she still went to work. 她病了，然而她依然去上班。辨析：but和howeverbut 并列连词 “然而，但是”。 可直接连接前后两个句子，表转折关系。However 副词 “然而，但是”。 不能直接连接句子，必须用逗号与句子隔开。Eg: It began to rain, ,we went out to look for the boy. 天开始下雨了，但我们还是出去寻找那个男孩了。It a sunny morning， very cold. 这是个晴朗的早晨，但是却很冷。10.She usually watches TV for more than two hours a day. 她通常每天看两个多小时的电视。more than 相当于over。意为“超过，多余”。There are more than 2000 books. _11. She says she is afraid. 她说她害怕。afraid 意为“担心的，害怕的”。 .be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 Eg：I am afraid to travel by plane. 我害怕乘飞机旅行。 .be afraid of sb. sth. 害怕某人某物be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事 Eg：She is afraid of the dog. 她害怕那只狗。Dont be afraid of asking questions. 不要怕问问题。be afraid to do sth.= 害怕做某事12. Less than six. 少于6小时。Less than 意为“不到，少于”。其反义词为 more than over “多余，超过”Eg：She sleeps less than seven hours every night. 他每晚的睡眠时间不到7小时。We know Tom for 20 years. 我们认识Tom超过20年了13. how often 多久一次，用来提问动作发生的频率。回答：用once，twice, three times 等词语。How often do you play sports? Three times a week.how long 多长，用来询问多长时间，也可询问某物有多长。How long does it take to get to Shanghai from here? How long is the ruler?how for 多远， 用来询问距离，指路程的远近。 How far is it from here to the park? Its about 2 kilometers.14.stay up late 熬夜到很晚，迟睡 Dont stay up late next time. stay up He stayed up all night to write his story. 15.find + 宾语 +名词, 发现 ： We have found him (to be) a good boy.find + 宾语 + 形容词， 发现： He found the room dirty.find + 宾语 + 现在分词， 发现 ： I found her standing at the door.find +it +形容词+to do sth. I found it difficult to work out this math proble.课 堂检 测一 、 单项选择 ( ) 1. Is her lifestyle the same as yours or _? What are the _? A. difference; different B. difference; difference C. different; differences D. different; different( )2._ does your brother go online? Three times a week. A. How much B. How long C. How many D. How often( )3. Are you _ now? A. online B. the online C. a online D. the Internet( )4. Jenny _ lifestyle. A. has a health B. have a health C. has a healthy D. have a healthy( )5. I try to eat junk food only once a month _ I love it. A. through B. but C. and D. although( )6. I knew nothing about the accident _ my friend told me yesterday. A. because B. since C. until D. after ( )7. _? I have a stomachache. A. Whats the wrong. B. Whats the wrong with you C. Whats matter D. Whats the matter with you( )8. If you want to _, you must take more exercises. A. keep healthy B. keep tired C. keep fat D. keep quiet( )9. I hope you feel better soon. _. A. You are welcome B. Thanks a lot C. Thats all right D. Never mind( )10. I dont feel _ today.A. nice B. good C. bad D. well( )11. They are going to Europe _ their vacation. A. on B. in C. to D. for( )12. I _ to bring my notebook. No problem. You can borrow some paper from me. A. planned B. decided C. left D. forgot ( )13. Do you finish _ the magazine? A. reads B. read C. reading D. to read ( )14. Please _ the book to me, Lily. A. buy B. make C. show D. have ( )15. The supermarket is far from Marys house. So she _only once a week. A. goes sightseeing B. goes shopping C. goes fishing D. goes hiking 课 后作业一、 完形填空 What do you do at the weekends? Some people like to _1_at home. But others like to go for a walk _2_ play football. My friend Jack works hard in a factory on _3_. At weekends he always _4_different things. On Saturdays he _5_ his car and on _6_ he goes with his family to a village by car. His uncle and aunt have a farm there. Its not a _7_ one, but theres always _8_ work to do on the farm. The children help with the animals and give them their _9_. Jack and his wife help in the field. At the end of the day, they are all _10_and want to have a big meal very much. ( )1. A. play B. live C. stay D. like ( )2. A. and B. or C. so D. but ( )3. A. days B. time C. Sundays D. weekdays ( )4. A. does B. makes C. borrows D. has ( )5. A. watches B. sells C. looks after D. washes ( )6. A. Mondays B. Sundays C. Saturdays D. weekdays ( )7. A. small B. big C. hard D. short ( )8. A. much B. little C. few D. many ( )9. A. clothes B. places C. food D. water ( )10. A. tired B. late C. hungry D. friendly 二、 阅读理解 AWe all need to exercise. Doctors say it is good for us. It makes your heart and body strong. It also gives you more energy. And you will feel better about yourself. Its best to exercise twice a week. Twenty minutes each time is enough.There are many ways to exercise. You can walk, run, play sports, or swim. Many people go to special places to exercise. They are calledfitness centers.These places have a lot equipment. Some people buy equipment for their homes. But it is very expensive.Exercising can be fun. Friends can exercise together at a fitness center. Or, they can play sports together. How do you exercise?1. What is the main idea?A. Exercise equipment is expensive. B. Playing sports is a good way to exercise.C. Every person should exercise.D. Fitness centers are popular.2. We should exercise _.A. every day B. 20 minutes a week C. twice a week D. two times a month3. At fitness centers, _.A. you can buy expensive equipment B. people can do many kinds of exercisingC. it is very expensive D. exercising is not fun4. Which of these kinds of exercising is not in the article?A. Sports. B. Swimming. C. Running. D. Dancing.5. Which of these sentences about exercising is true?A. Exercising is expensive. B. Exercise is good for your heart.C. Only doctors exercise. D. Friends never exercise together. B On June 26, 2000, two scientists, called Francis Collins and Craig Venter, told the world that they could now read the whole “map” of the human body: DNA. DNA is something that everybody has, and it tells the body what to do. DNA is the reason that we look like our mother and father, because we get some of their DNA to make our own. People have been trying to understand the human body for a long time. In 1860, Gregor Mendel discovered a special reason why we look the same as other people in our family. It is because of small things named “genes” in our body. In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick made another discovery and found out that those small parts are real messages written in the DNA with a special language.In 1961, Marshall Nirenberg and Johann Matthaei found a message in DNA showing how DNA tells the cell (细胞) to build its parts. Scientists have now found all the words in the DNA map, but we still do not understand what they all do. By understanding what just one “word” means, we can help save more people from several illnesses.Most people hope that this will help make better medicine and help sick people. Other people worry that when people begin to know more words and find out lots of other information, we might use it in a wrong way, just to make people more attractive, or stop sick people from getting jobs. Man would have to meet a lot of trouble if DNA technic wasnt limited in use. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 6. When did we first know why we look like other people in our family? A. In 1860. B. In 1953. C. In 1961. D. In 2000. 7. What does the underlined word “gene” mean?A. The “map” of DNA. B. A special language. C. Small parts of DNA. D. DNA.8. What did the two scientists first discover in 1961?A. The “map” of DNA. B. A new illness. C. The language of DNA. D. A message of DNA.9. What can we do if we understand some “words” of the language inside the body?A. Make people get new jobs. B. Make medicine for illnesse