专八人文知识真题.docVIP

05-13年专八考试人文知识2005年31. is the capital of Canada. A) Vancouver B) Ottawa C) Montreal D) York 32. U.S. presidents normally serve a(n) term.A) two-year B) four-year C) six-year D) eight-year 33. Which of the following cities is NOT located in the Northeast, U.S.? A) Huston. B) Boston. C) Baltimore. D) Philadelphia. 34. is the state church in England. A) The Roman Catholic Church B) The Baptist ChurchC) The Protestant Church D) The Church of England 35. The novel Emma is written by . A) Mary Shelley. B) Charlotte Bronte. C) Elizabeth C. Gaskell. D) Jane Austen. 36. Which of the following is NOT a romantic poet? A) William Wordsworth. B) George Elliot. C) George G. Byron. D) Percy B. Shelley. 37. William Sidney Porter, known as O. Henry, is most famous for .A) his poems. B) his plays. C) his short stories. D) his novels. 38. Syntax is the study of . A) language functions. B) sentence structures. C) textual organization. D) word formation. 39. Which of ale following is NOT a distinctive feature of human language?A) Arbitrariness. B) productivity. C) Cultural transmission. D) Finiteness. 40. The speech act theory was first put forward by . A) John Searle. B) John Austin. C) Noam Chomsky. D) M.A,K. Halliday.答案及解析：31. 答案B. 31题问哪一个城市是加拿大的首都。根据英美等国概况教材，我们知道渥太华是其首都，该城位于安大略省东南部。32. 答案B. 32题问的美国总统一任几年，大家都知道一任四年，一般情况可竞选连任一次。33. 答案A. 33题问哪一座城市不是位于美国东北部，答案是A. Huston(休斯顿)，该城位于北纬4336西经11646，所以选择A是理想的答案。34. 答案D. 34题问英国的国教。根据英国历史，我们知道从英王亨利八世时代起，为脱离罗马教皇(Pope)的统治，改以Anglican Church(也称the Church of England)为英国国教。这4题是史、地、文化或宗教等基本概况部分。35. 答案D. 35题问小说Emma为何人所作？该书为浪漫主义时期女作家Jane Austen所作。36. 答案B. 36题问哪一位不是浪漫派诗人？George Elliot是维多利亚时期的一位小说家，不是诗人，其他几位都是著名的浪漫派诗人。37. 答案C. 37题问短篇小说家William Sidney Porter，笔名O-Henry，在哪方面最闻名于世？当然是其短篇小说，而且小说的结束常常出乎读者的意料之外。38. 答案B. 38题问句法学研究的内容是什么？当然是B(即句子结构了)。39. 答案D. 39题问下面四个选项中，哪一个不是人类语言的主要特征？除Finiteness(有限性)外，其它几项在语言学概述部分都提到了，因此答案应选D.40. 答案B. 40题问言语行为是哪位语言学家首先提出来的？根据语言学著作的介绍，John Austinl969年首先提出了“言语行为”理论，其他人如John Searle (1969年提出)等，不管是提出或是进一步阐述该理论，都是在John Austin之后，对比不应有什么怀疑。答案应该选B.2006年31. The Presidents during the American Civil War was .A. Andrew Jackson B. Abraham LincolnC. Thomas JeffersonD. George Washington32. The capital of New Zealand is .A. Christchurch B. Auckland C. Wellington D. Hamilton33.Who were the natives of Australia before the arrival of the British settlers？A. The Aborigines B. The Maori C. The Indians D. The Eskimos34.The Prime Minister in Britain is head of .A. the Shadow Cabinet B. the Parliament C. the Opposition D. the Cabinet35.Which of the following writers is a poet of the 20th century？A.T. S. Eliot B. D.H. Lawrence C. Theodore Dreiser D. James Joyce36. The novel For Whom the Bell Tolls is written by .A. Scott Fitzgerald B. William FaulknerC. Eugene ONeil D. Ernest Hemingway37._ is defined as an expression of human emotion which is condensed into fourteen linesA. Free verse B. Sonnet C. Ode D. Epigram38. What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is the notion of .A. reference B. meaning C. antonymy D. context39.The words “kid，child，offspring” are examples of .A. dialectal synonyms B. stylistic synonymsC. emotive synonyms D. collocational synonyms40. The distinction between parole and langue was made by .A. Halliday B. Chomsky C. Bloomfield D. Saussure3135BCADA 3640 DBDBD2007年31. The majority of the current population in the UK are decedents of all the following tribes respectively EXCEPT_.A. the Anglos B. the CeltsC. the Jutes D. the Saxons 32. The Head of State of Canada is represented by .A. the Monarch B. the PresidentC. the Prime Minister D. the Governor-general 33. The Declaration of Independence was written by_.A. Thomas Jefferson B. George WashingtonC. Alexander Hamilton D. James Madison34. The original inhabitants of Australia were_.A. the Red Indians B. the EskimosC. the Aborigines D. the Maoris35. Which of the following novels was written by Emily Bronte?A. Oliver Twist B. MiddlemarchC. Jane Eyre D. Wuthering Heights 36. William Butler Yeats was a(n) _ poet and playwright.A. American B. Canadian C. Irish D. Australian37. Death of a Salesman was written by_.A. Arthur Miller B. Ernest HemingwayC. Ralph Ellison D. James Baldwin38. _ refers to the study of the internal structure of words and the rules of word formation.A. Phonology B. Morphology C. Semantics D. Sociolinguistics39. The distinctive features of a speech variety may be all the following EXCEPT_.A. lexical B. syntactic C. phonological D. psycholinguistic 40. The word tail once referred to “the tail of a horse”, but now it is used to mean “the tail of any animal.” This is an example of_.A. widening of meaning B. narrowing of meaning C. meaning shift D. loss of meaning3135CDACD 3640CABDA2008年31. The largest city in Canada is_.A. Vancouver. B. Montreal. C. Toronto D. Ottawa.32. According to the United States Constitution, the legislative power is invested in .A. the Federal Government. B. the Supreme Court.C. the Cabinet. D. the Congress.33. Which of the following is the oldest sport in the United States?A. Baseball. B. Tennis. C. Basketball. D. American football.34. The head of the executive branch in New Zealand is_.A. the President. B. the Governor-General.C. the British monarch D. the Prime Minister.35. The Canterbury Tales, a collection of stories told by a group of pilgrims on their way to Canterbury, is an important poetic work by .A. William Langland. B. Geoffrey Chaucer.C. William Shakespeare. D. Alfred Tennyson.36. Who wrote The American? A. Herman Melville. B. Nathaniel Hawthorne. C. Henry James. D. Theodore Dreiser.37. All of the following are well-known female writers in 20th -century Britain EXCEPT_.A. George Eliot. B. Iris Jean Murdoch.C. Doris Lessing. D. Muriel Spark.38. Which of the following is NOT a design feature of human language?A. Arbitrariness. B. Displacement.C. Duality. D. Diachronicity.39. What type of sentence is “Mark likes fiction, but Tim is interested in poetry.”?A. A simple sentence. B. A coordinate sentence.C. A complex sentence. D. None of the above.40. The phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form is called .A. hyponymy. B. synonymy. C. polysemy. D. homonymy.31 选C加拿大最大的城市是TORONTO 32 选 D立法权是国会THE CONGRESS 33 选 A 棒球 一切都始于棒球 美国的体育文化脱胎于棒球,一直以来,棒球就一直是文人们的最爱。作为最古老的美式运动,棒球的形态一直保存完整,历史学家们视之为宝物 34选B governor genera新西兰的最高长官是 l 总督35选B THE CANTERBURY TALES 是GEORFFERY CHAUCER 写的 36 选 C THE AMERICAN 是谁写的 Henrry James37 选A 不是20世纪英国女作家那题 选A 其他都是20世纪著名的女性作家 乔治.艾略特(George Eliot)原名玛丽安埃文斯Mary Ann Evans，1819年11月22日-1880年12月22日，英国小说家，与狄更斯和萨克雷齐名。其主要作品有弗洛斯河上的磨坊The Mill on the Floss，米德尔马契等。 38 选D 历时性(diachronicity) 这个不是语言学的特性 39选 B 并列句 but连接的两个分句40选D homonymy指的是语汇中一对对或是一组组的单词，虽然意思不同，但是发音相同，或拼写相同，又或者是发音和拼写都相同。这些一对对一组组的单词我们称之为homonym(同形同音异义词、同形异义词、同音异义词)。2009年31. The Head of State of New Zealand is_.A. the governor-general. B. the Prime Minister.C. the high commissioner. D. the monarch of the United Kingdom.32. The capital of Scotland is_A. Glasgow. B. Edinburgh.C. Manchester. D. London.33. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence and later became the U.S. President?A. Thomas Jefferson. B. George Washington.C. Thomas Paine. D. John Adams.34. Which of the following cities is located on the eastern coast of Australia?A. Perth. B. Adelaide. C. Sydney. D. Melbourne.35. Ode to the West Wind was written by_A. William Blake. B. William Wordsworth.C. Samuel Taylor Coleridge. D. Percy B. Shelley.36. Who among the following is a poet of free verse?A. Ralph Waldo Emerson. B. Walt Whitman.C. Herman Melville D. Theodore Dreiser.37. The novel Sons and Lovers was written by_A. Thomas Hardy. B. John Galsworthy.C. D.H. Lawrence. D. James Joyce.38. The study of the mental processes of language comprehension and production is_A. corpus linguistics. B. sociolinguistics.C. theoretical linguistics. D. psycholinguistics.39. A special language variety that mixes languages and is used by speakers of different languages for purposes of trading is called_A. dialect. B. idiolect. C. pidgin. D. register.40. When a speaker expresses his intention of speaking, such as asking someone to open the window, he is performing_A. an illocutionary act. B. a perlocutionary act.C. a locutionary act. D. none of the above.31、（D） the monarch of the United Kingdom32、（B） Edinburgh.33、（A）Thomas Jefferson.34、（C）Sydney35、（D）Percy B. Shelley36、（B）Walt Whitman.37、（C）D.H. Lawrence.38、（D）psycholinguistics.39、（C）pidgin.40、（A）an illocutionary act.2010年31. Which of the following statements in INCORRECT?A. The British constitution includes the Magna Carta of 1215.B. The British constitution includes Parliamentary acts.C. The British constitution includes decisions made by courts of law.D. The British constitution includes one single written constitution.32. The first city ever founded in Canada is .A. Quebec.B. Vancouver.C. Toronto.D. Montreal.33. When did the Australian Federation officially come into being?A. 1770.B. 1788.C. 1900.D. 1901.34. The Emancipation Proclamation to end the slavery plantation system in the South of the U.S. was issued by .A. Abraham Lincoln.B. Thomas Paine.C. George Washington.D. Thomas Jefferson.35. _ is best known for the technique of dramatic monologue in his poems.A. Will BlakeB. W.B. YeatsC. Robert BrowningD. William Wordsworth36. The Financier is written by .A. Mark Twain.B. Henry James.C. William Faulkner.D. Theodore Dreiser.37. In literature a story in verse or prose with a double meaning is defined as .A. allegory.B. sonnet.C. blank verse.D. rhyme.38. _ refers to the learning and development of a language.A. Language acquisitionB. Language comprehensionC. Language productionD. Language instruction39. The word “Motel” comes from “motor + hotel”. This is an example of _ in morphology.A. backformationB. conversionC. blendingD. acronym40. Language is t tool of communication. The symbol “Highway Closed” on a highway serves .A. an expressive function.B. an informative function.C. a performative function.D. a persuasive function.31-35 DAAAC 36-40 DAACB2011年31. The northernmost part of Great Britain is _.A. Northern Ireland B. Scotland C. England D. Wales32. It is generally agreed that _ were the first Europeans to reach the Australian shores.A. the French B. the German C. the British D. the Dutch 33. Which country is known as the Land of Maple Leaf? A. Canada B. New Zealand C. Great Britain D. The United States 34. Who wrote the famous pamphlet, The Common Sense, before the American Revolution? A. Thomas Jefferson B. Thomas Paine C. John Adams D. Benjamin Franklin35. Virginia was an important female _ in the 20th century England. A. poet B. biographer C. playwright D. novelist 36. _ refers to a long narrative poem that records the adventures of a hero in a nations history.A. Ballad B. Romance C. Epic D. Elegy 37. Which of the following best explores American myth in the 20th century?A. The Great Gatsby B. The Sun Also Rises C. The Sound and the Fury D. Beyond the Horizon 38._ is defined as the study of the relationship between language and mind.A. Semantics B. pragmatics C. cognitive linguistics D. sociolinguistics 39. A vowel is different from a consonant in English because of _.A. absence of obstruction B. presence of obstruction C. manner of articulation D. place of articulation 40. The definition “the act of using, or promoting the use of, several languages, either by an individual speaker or by a community of speakers” refer to_.A. Pidgin B. Creole C. Multilingualism D. Bilingualism31. B)英国最北部：Scotland； 32. D)第一个到澳洲的人：Dutch； 33. A)枫叶之国：Canada； 34. B)The Common Sense的作者：Thomas Paine 35. D) Virginia Woolf：Novelist； 36. C) 历史叙事诗：Epic 37. A) 探讨20世纪American Myth的文学作品：The Great Gatsby 38. C）探讨语言和思维的学科：Cognitive Lingusitics 39. A) 元音和辅音的区别：Obstruction of the air stream;40. C) 推动多种语言使用：Multilingualism2012年31. The Maori people are natives of .A. Australia. B. Canada. C. Ireland. D. New Zealand. 32. The British monarch is the Head of .A. Parliament. B. State. C. Government. D. Cabinet. 33. Americans celebrate Independence Day on .A. July 4th. B. October 11th. C. May 31st. D. September 6th. 34. Canada is bounded on the north by .A. the Pacific Ocean. B. the Atlantic Ocean. C. the Arctic Ocean. D. the Great Lakes. 35. Who is the author of The Waste Land? A. George Bernard Shaw. B. W.B. Yeats. C. Dylan Thomas. D. T.S. Eliot. 36. Which of the following novelists wrote The Sound and the Fury? A. William Faulkner. B. Ernest Hemingway. C. Scott Fitzgerald. D. John Steinbeck. 37. “The lettuce was lonely without tomatoes and cucumbers for company” is an example of .A. exaggeration. B. understatement. C. personification. D. synecdoche. 38. In English if a word begins with a l or a r, then the next sound must be a vowel. This is a (n) .A. assimilation rule. B. sequential rule. C. deletion rule. D. grammar rule. 39. Which of the following is an example of clipping? A.APEC. B. Motel. C. Xerox. D. Disco. 40. The type of language which is selected as appropriate to a particular type of” situation is called .A. register. B. dialect. C. slang. D. Variety31. D. N ew Zealand 32. B. state 33. A. July 4th 34. C. the Arctic Ocean 35. D. T.S.Eliot 36. A. William Faulkner 37. C. personification 38. B. sequential rule 39. D. Disco 40. A. register 2013年31The full official name of Australia is .AThe Republic of Australia BThe Commonwealth of AustraliaCThe Federation of Australia DThe Union of Australia32. Canada is well known for all the following EXCEPT .Aits mineral