中考复习介词讲解5.doc

初三英语专题复习五 介词讲解中考需要掌握的11个介词：in、on、at、to、from、by、with、for、about、after、before一、表示时间的介词A表示较长时间（长于一天或短于一天）如：年、年份、月份、季节、周、上午、下午、晚上以及一些习惯用法中要用介词“in”。1. in 1996 / in 2002 / in 1847（年份）2. in October / in February / in March （月份）3. in spring / in summer / in autumn / in winter （季节）4. in a week / in a year 在1周 / 年中5. in the morning / in the afternoon / in the evening 在上午 / 下午 / 晚上in those days 在当时 / in no time 立刻 / in the daytime 在白天 / in the future 在将来 / in one minute 在1分钟内 / 最后 in the end- B表示时间的某一点（或表示某时刻）如：钟点、年龄或其它的习惯用法中要用“at”。1. at ten oclock / at seven thirty. （表示某一钟点）2. at noon / at night / at midnight （在中午、晚上、半夜一天中相对短暂的时间）3. at the age of twenty / at the age of thirty-five （表示某一年龄）4. at that time 在那时 / at the moment 这时、那时、此刻 / at first 首先 / at last 最后in the end / at once 立刻、马上 / at / on (the) weekends 在周末 / 在一年中的这个时候at this time of year / 在 开始/结束时 at the beginning /end of- C表示某一天或者特定（某一天上下午）的时间用介词“on”。1. on Monday / on Tuesday / on Wednesday / on Friday 2. on January 1 / on April 18 / on May 313. on January 1, 1988 / on April 18, 2002 / on May 31,19774. on Monday morning / on Tuesday afternoon / on Wednesday evening5. on a winter morning / on a summer evening / on a autumn afternoon6. on the morning of May fifth7. on my birthday / on that day / on New Years Day / on the first two days / on Christmas Day8. 值日 on duty / 准时 on time /- D表示持续一段时间用介词“for”。“for”“段时间” 1. for two hours / for three days2. for hundreds of years3. for the last three years / for the past three years4. for a while- E表示从一点时间到另一点时间的一个阶段用介词“from to ” 1. from 9 oclock to 11 oclock 2. from February to April 3. from 1980 to 1990 4. from then on 从那时候起（用于一般过去时），from now on 从现在起（用于一般将来时），from time to time 时不时地- F表示“在 的期间”要用介词“during”，during表示在特定的时间里，其后的名词前要用定冠词或者表示特定意义的代词。 1. during the week 2. during those three months 3. during my visit 4. during the holidays / meeting 5. during the spring-G表示“自 以来”，表示从过去某一时刻到现在，用介词“since”。“since”“点时间”，主句常用现在完成时。1. since 1986 / since 19772. since last summer / since last week / since last month3. since then 从那时以后4. since he came here 自从他来了以后- H表示某动作或者状态延续到某一时间终止，用介词“till / until”1. The park is open till 5 p.m.2. He didnt leave the park until 4 p.m.-表示时间介词的比较 at表示事件发生在某一时间点上；by表示事件发生在某一时间点前。at the end of + 时间 / 地点，表示时间时，一般用于一般过去式。by the end of + 时间，表示时间时，一般用于过去完成时。in the end =at last最后1. The train leaves at 8 oclock, so youd better be there by 7:50. 火车八点钟开，所以你最好八点五十以前赶到那儿。2. He left Shanghai at the end of last year. 去年年底他离开了上海。（过去式）3. By the end of last year he had finished the work. 到去年年底，他已经完成了工作。-ago，用于一般过去式；before，用于过去完成时；in用于将来时。three days ago表示从今天算起三天前；three days before表示从过去某个时间开始算起的三天前；in three days表示从今天算起的三天以后Three days later表示从过去某个时间开始的三天后；。1. He finished the work three days ago.2. He said he had finished the work three days before.3. He will finish the work in three days.4. Three days later he finished the work.-before后通常跟表示一点的时间（或特定的时间），表示在某个时间之前；after后通常跟表示一点的时间（或特定的时间），表示在某个时间之后before / after 2 oclock the meeting lunch 1990 National Day 由before和after构成的时间介词短语都不能用于现在完成时。after的习惯用法：after work / after school / after class- 由one / this / that / last / next等修饰的表示时间的词组前不需要用介词。one night / this month / that summer / last year / next week / the day before yesterday / the week after next 再下一周-二、表示方位的介词 A表示大地方，表示空间、地域或者物体内部应用in，或表示在范围之内。 1. 在树上 in the tree / 在同一个班 in the same class / 在北京 in Beijing 2. 在世界上 in the world / 在河里 in the river / 在城市 in a city3. 在阳光下 in the sun / 在北方 in the north / in China 在中国4. 在第五中学 in No. 5 Middle School5. 在的前部 in the front of 在前面 in front of 6. 在中间/（内部）角落 in the middle /corner of7. 固定用法：住院 in hospital / 在露天 in the open air / 躺着看书read in bed8. 站成行 stand in line / 处于危险中 in danger / 处于麻烦中 in trouble / 惊奇地 in surprise9. 用英语 in English / 穿红色的 in red / 以方式 in way of- B表示较小的地方，表示空间的某一点，出入口等，选at 1. 在的尽头 at the end of / 在大门口 at the gate / 在第二个十字路口 at the second crossing2. 在公共汽车站 at the bus stop / 在校读书 at school / 在家 at home3. 在医院诊所 at the doctors / 在头部/脚下 at the head/ foot of4. at the station / airport / zoo / post office5. at the front door / at the cinema / supermarket / meeting / party / the crossroad6. 固定用法：stay at home / at work / at table 在吃饭- C表示附着在表面上，覆盖等，表示接触的面上、边上、线上，用on。 1. 在墙上 on the wall / 在的另一边 on the other side of / 在左边/右边 on the left/right2. 在左/有手边on the left/right hand side / 在火车上 on the train3. 在电视/收音机/电话/网上 on TV/the radio/ the telephone/ the Internet4. 固定用法：访问 on a visit to / 展览 on show5. 在去的路上 on the way to 6. on my head / nose 比较： There are many apples on the tree. There are many birds in the tree.- 几组表示位置关系的介词比较 Dnorth 1. Japan is in the east of Asia. 2. Japan is to the east of China. 3. Korea is on the northeast of China.westeastDCBAsouth 巩固练习： 1. B is in the east of A.2. D is to the east of A. 3. C is on the east of A.-1. Children get gifts _ Christmas and _ their birthdays.A. on; on B. at; on C. in; in D. in; on2. -There is nothing _tomorrow afternoon, is there? -No. We can have a game of table tennis. A. on B. in C. out D. up3 A lot of students in our school were born_March, 1981. A. in B. at C. on D. since4 Tim suddenly returned_ a rainy night. A. on B. at C. in D. during5. My grandfather was born_Oct. 10, 1935. A. on B. in C. at D. of6. The train is starting_five minutes. A. in B. at C. for D.still7. Mike does his exercises _ seven _ the evening. A. on; to B. at; in C. by; of D. at; on8. The population of the world has grown very fast _ four hundred years.A. for past the B. in the pass C. in the past D. for past9. We returned to our hometown_. A. next week B. in the last week C. last week D. for a week10. Great changes have taken place_.A. in the last few year B. in the last few yearsC. last year D. on the last year11. Children wake up very early_the morning of Christmas Day. A. in B. on C. for D. at12. _ a cold winter morning, I met her in the stfeet. A. In B. On C. At D. For13. It happened to be very cold_ the morning of our sports meet. A. at B. on C. with D. of14. Why did you get up so early _ this morning. A. on B. / C. at D. in15. He went to Shanghai_ September 3, 1991 and came back_ a cold morning last year. A. in; on B. on; in C. on; on D. in; ia16. Lucy was born_ the night of May 12, 1984. . . A. on B. in C. at D. to17. Mrs Brown came to China _ 1996.A.on B. of C. to, D. in18. _ the morning of November 20, 1915, the workers came to Chicago to show their mourning_Joe Hill. A. On; to B. In; of . C. On; for , D. At; for19. Ann moved_Hangzhou_September, 1992. A. /; in i B. to; in C. to; on D, in; in20. They started off_an autumn afternoon. A. during B. at C. in D. on21. He often goes _ school _ six thirty _ the morning. A. for; to; in B. to; at in C. to; for; at D, for; at; to22. He arrived _ Shanghai _ 9: 30 _ March 5. A. at; in; at B. to; on; at C. in; on; at D. in; at; on23. The English teacher told me to get there_ half past ten. A: in B. at C. on D. of24. The children get up _ 6 oclock. A. at B. on C. during D. in25. The doctor worked_ five hours_ a rest. A. for; with B. on; withoutC. about; having D. for; without26. I worked on the problem _ a long time and I worked it out_myself_ last. A. for; by; at B. in; with; onC. on; by; in D. for; for; at the27. A new factory will be set up_ a year. A. for B. in C. after D. on28. Two years_ he began to write another story-book. A. after B. later ; C. in D. late29. We will finish the picture a day. A. in B. on C. after D. on30.The workers had been_ strike_almost a month. A. on; in B. at; in C. on; for D. on; during31. Mr Brown had lain _ the ground _ four hours before they finally found him. A. on; for B. at; in C. on; after D. in; during32. The teacher is coming back_ an hour. A. after B. for C. in D. before33. She lived in the mountain village_ the years 1940-1950. A. between B. during C. in D. since34. Miss Wang will come to Beijing_ two days. A. after B. in C. on D. before35. The American Civil War lasted four years before the North won _ the end.A. by B. at C. in D. on36. Mary had finished her homework_ the time I got home. A. until B. by C. at D. when37. We stayed at the lab_ our teacher returned. A. till B. by C. during D. w