形容词和副词的讲解与练习.doc

形容词和副词的讲解与练习一、形容词用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词，叫形容词。形容词是用来修饰、描绘名词的，通常在句中作定语、表语或宾补，有时还可作状语。如：He is honest and hardworking I found the book interesting某些形容词与定冠词连用表示一类人做主语时，谓语通常用复数形式。如：The rich and the poor live in different parts of the cityThe English like to be with their families多个形容词作定语修饰名词的顺序：冠词序数词基数词性质状态（描述性）形状大小新旧老少颜色国籍材料名词。如： the second five interesting big new red Chinese wall papers二副词1、副词的种类（1）时间副词如：ago，before，already，just，now，early，late，finally，tomorrow等（2）地点副词如：here，there，near，around，in，out，up，down，back，away，outside等。（3）方式副词如：carefully，angrily，badly，calmly，loudly，quickly，politely，nervously等。（4）程度副词如：almost，nearly，much，greatly，a bit，a little，hardly，so，very等。2.某些副词在用法上的区别（1）already，yet，stillalready表示某事物已经发生，主要用于肯定句；yet表示期待某事发生，主要用于否定句和疑问句；still表示某事还在进行，主要用于肯定句和疑问句，有时也可用于否定句。如：Weve already watched that filmI havent finished my homework yetHe still works until late every night（2）too，as well，also，eithertoo，as well和also用于肯定句和疑问句，too和as well多用于口语，一般放在句末，而also多用于书面语，一般放在句中与动词连用。either用于否定句和否定的疑问句，往往放在句末。如：He went there tooHe didnt go there either I like you as wellI also went there（3）hard，hardly hardly意为几乎与hard在词义上完全不同。如：I work hard every dayI can hardly remember that（4）late，latelylately意为最近、近来，late意为晚、迟。如：He never comes lateHave you been to the museum lately?三、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下：1) 符合规则的：一 般 情 况直接加 -er ; -est tall-taller-tallest; 以e结尾的词加 r ; -stnice-nicer-nicest 以“辅音+y”结尾的词变y为i再加-er ; -estdry-drier-driest heavy-heavier-heaviest以一个辅音字母结尾的词辅音字母双写，再加-er ; -estthin-thinner-thinnest多音节和部分双音节单词在词前加 more ; most more delicious most delicious2）几个不规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级如下表：原 级 比较级 最高级good , well better best bad , ill worse worstmany , much more most little less leastfar farther / further farthest / furthest注意：有些形容词，如 dead, empty, round, sure, woolen 等受本身含义的限制，没有比较级。四、形容词和副词比较级的用法（1） 两个人或事物的比较时（不一定每一方只有一个人或一个事物），用比较级。Our teacher is taller than we are.The boys in her class are taller than the boys in your class.（2） most 同形容词连用而不用 the，表示 “极，很，非常， 十分”。Its most dangerous to be here.在这儿太危险。（3）“The+形容词比较级.，the+形容词比较级.”表示 “ 越. 就越.”The more you study，the more you know.（4） “ 形容词比较级 + and + 形容词比较级 ”， 表示 “ 越来越。. ”。Its getting hotter and hotter.（5） 主语+谓语（系动词）+as+形容词原形+as+从句。表示两者对比相同。This box is as big as mine.（6） the + 形容词 表示某种人。He always helps the poor.（7） 形容词和副词最高级用于三个或三个以上的人和物进行比较。Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.形容词和副词练习一. 单项填空（ ）1There are many young trees on_sides of the road. A. every B. each C. both D. all （ ）2- Its so cold today. - Yes, its _than it was yesterday. A. more cold B. more colder C. much colder D. cold（ ）3Little Tom has _friends, so he often plays alone. A. more B. a little C. many D. few（ ）4She isnt so _at maths as you are. A. well B. good C. better D. best（ ）5Peter writes _of the three. A. better B. best C. good D. well（ ）6He is _ enough to carry the heavy box. A. stronger B. much stronger C. strong D. the strongest（ ）7I bought_exercise-books with_money. A. a few; a few B. a few; a little C. a little; a few D. a little; a little（ ）8The box is _ heavy for the girl_carry. A. too; to B. to; too C. so; that D. no; to（ ）9The ice in the lake is about one meter _. Its strong enough to skate on. A. long B. high C. thick D. wide（ ）10Wu Lin ran _ faster than the other boys in the sports meeting. A. so B. much C. very D. too（ ）11. Jone looks so _ today because she has got an A in her maths test. A. happy B. happily C. angry D. angrily（ ）12. The smile on my fathers face showed that he was _ with me. A. sad B. pleased C. angry D. sorry（ ）13. -Mum, could you buy me a dress like this? -Certainly, we can buy _ one than this, but _ this. A. a better; better than B. a worse; as good as C. a cheaper; as good as D. a more important; good as（ ）14. -This digital camera is really cheap! -The _ the better. Im short of money, you see. A. cheap B. cheaper C. expensive D. more expensive（ ）15. If you want to learn English well, you must use it as _ as possible. A. often B. long C. hard D. soon（ ）16. Paul has _ friends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely. A. many B. some C. few D. more（ ）17. English people _ use Mr. Before a mans first name. A. never B. usually C. often D. sometimes（ ）18. -One more satellite was sent up into space in China in May. -Right. The government spoke _ that. A. highly for B. high of C. well of D. highly of（ ）19. -Remember this, children. _careful you are, _ mistakes you will make. -We know, Miss Gao. A. The more; the more B. The fewer; the more C. The more; the fewer D. The less; the less（ ）20. I have _ to do today. A. anything important B. something important C. important nothing D. important something二. 用所给单词的适当形式填空1. My purse was stolen on the bus yesterday. _ (Fortunate), there was no money in it.2. Mobile phones are _ (wide) used in most of the cities in China.3. He put on his coat and went out _ (quick).4. She is _ (good) than Li Ping at swimming.5. A lot Chinese people are _ (pride) of Yao Ming, a famous basketball star in NBA.6. To our surprise, he suddenly returned on a cold _ (snow) night.7. Allie asked me _ (polite) to put the things away.8. Its snowing hard. You must drive _(careful).9. The earth we live on is _ (big) than the moon.10. Hainan is a very large island. Its the second _ (large) island in China.三. 用适当的形容词或副词填空(首字母已给出)1. A large number of mouths must be fed in those less d_ countries.2. That evening Beethoven played the music for the girl as well as u_.3. Hawaii is f_ its beautiful beaches. 4. He often takes an a_ part in the sports meeting and he can get very good results each time.5. The performance was so w_ that everyone gave a l