英汉翻译练习题.doc

英汉翻译练习题一一、Phrase Translation（句子翻译）A. Directions：Put the following phrases into Chinese（将下列词语译成汉语） 1) rural reform （ ） 2) industrial revolution （ ） 3) non-governmental sectors （ ） 4) the International Court of Justice （ ）5) Agriculture Department （ ） 6) encyclopedia （ ） 7) editorial （ ） 8) relay race （ ） 9) vocational school （ ）10) the theory of relativity （ ）11) to pick and choose ( ) 12) a drugstore ( ) 13) soda fountain ( ) 14) in this fashion ( ) 15) a part-time river ( ) 16) up the river( ) 17) a summer resort( )B. Directions：Put the following phrases into English（将下列词语译成英语） 1) 经济增长 （ ） 2) 知识经济 （ ） 3) 民族团结 （ ） 4) 官僚主义 （ ） 5) 所有制 （ ） 6) 社会科学 （ ） 7) 期刊 （ ） 8) 世界纪录 （ ） 9) 最高人民法院 （ ）10) 国营企业 （ ）11) 现代化建设( ) 12) 专属经济区( ) 13) 可再生能源( ) 14) 合法权益( ) 15) 御花园( ) 16) 故宫博物院( ) 17) 可耕地( )二、Multiple Choice Questions（选择题）A. Directions：This part consists of ten sentenceseach followed by four different versions labeled A，B，C and DChoose the one that is the closest equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness1.He thought that directly internal confidence in the regime declines，her financial structure would be in danger( ) A.他认为，那直接影响着园内对政府的信心下降，它的财歧体制就会出现危机了。 B.他直截了当地认为，国内对政府的信心下降，其财政结构就要出现危机了。 C.他认为，一旦国内对政府的信心下降，她的财政体制就会出现危机。D他当时认为，只要政府内部失去信心，其金融结构就会瓦解。2Sunlight is no less necessary than fresh air to a healthy condition 0f body( ) A日光和新鲜空气对于身体健康都是不可缺少的。 B对于健康的身体，日光和新鲜空气一样不可缺少。 C对于身体健康，日光如新鲜空气一样不可或缺。 D阳光同新鲜空气一样对于身体的健康不可缺少。 3Intense light and heat in the open contrasted with the coolness of shaded avenues and the interiors of buildings( ) A强烈的光线和露天场所的炎热，同林荫道上的凉爽和建筑物内部形成了对比。 B露天场所的强烈光线和酷热，同林荫道上和建筑物内部的凉爽形成了对比。 C露天场所的强光和酷热，同林荫道上的凉爽和建筑物内部形成了对比。D强烈的光线和露天场所的炎热，同林荫道和建筑物内部的凉爽形成了对比。4Courage in excess becomes foolhardiness，affection weakness，thrift avarice( ) A勇气过分成为鲁莽、热爱、虚弱、节俭和贪婪。 B过分的勇气变为蛮勇，爱变为溺爱，节俭变为贪婪。 C过度的勇气变为蛮勇，过度的爱变为溺爱，过度的节俭变为贪婪。 D勇敢过分成为蛮勇，爱与虚伪，节约与贪婪。5Being easily set on firealcohol must be kept away from the flame( ) A酒精容易着火，必须放在与火隔绝的地方。B因为酒精容易被人放火，所以必须远离火存放。 C由于容易失火，酒精必须远离火焰。D因为酒精易燃，所以必须被放在离火很远的地方。6These particles，while they have the same mass or weight as the protons，have no electric charge( )A 当粒子质量和重量与质子相同时，他们不带电荷。B 这些粒子虽然其质量和重量跟质子相同，但不带电荷。C这些粒子不带电荷，而他们有和质子相同的质量或重量。D这些粒子不带电荷，与此同时他们还和质子一样有相同的质量和重量。7我们必须采取措施深化改革。( )AWe must take measures to deepen our reformBMeasures have t0 be taken to deepen the reformCMeasures have to be taken to deepen oUr commitment to reformDMeasures must be takeno deepen reform8同学们每天早晨在室外朗读。( )AThe students read aloud in the open every morningBThe students read aloud every rooming in the openCThe students read in the open loudly every morningDEvery morning in the open the students read aloud9你觉得这部新片怎么样? ( ) AHow do you think the film? BWhat do you feel about the film? CWhat do you like the film? DHow did you like the film? 10你什么时候方便就过来玩。( ) ACome and play when you are convenient BCome here to play if you are convenient CDrop in whenever its convenient DDrop in whenever you have convenienceB：Directions：This part consists of five unfinished statements，each followed by four choices marked A，B，C and DSelect the one that best completes each statement11王力先生指出，西文多用形合法， ( )。A因此定语从句用得特别多B因此现在分词用得特别多C介词和介词短语往往是不可缺少的D联结成分在大多数情况下是不可缺少的12就英汉两种语言的语序而言，下列选项中正确的是( )。A汉语有时态，可以通过动词的变化显出动作发生的先后顺序，而英语则不能B汉语大量使用分词和从句，用法也灵活，可前可后C英语句子注重突出重点，往往把重要的话放在突出的位置D英语叙事多靠并列结构，且较多地依靠各成分之间的顺序，尤其是时间顺序和逻辑顺序13在理论方面，( ) 曾针对当时赵景深的“宁顺而不信”的提法，提出了“宁信而不顺”的主张。A鲁迅 B梁实秋C瞿秋白 D严复14有关句子内部及句子之间联系的说法，下列正确的一项是( )。 A汉语不重视句子之间的联系 B英语比较重视句子之间的联系 C在句子内部，汉语重意合，句内各成分联系紧密 D在句子内部，英语重形合，句内各成分联系紧密15The Art of Translation is written by( )ACharles RTaberBGeorge SteinerCTheodore SavoryDEugene ANidaC选择正确的译文或说法，请在正确的译文或说法后面的括号内打“”。16. Theres no pot so ugly it cant find a lid译文A没有丑到配不上一个盖子的罐子。 ( )译文B罐儿再丑，配个盖子不发愁。 ( )17. They had barely enough time t0 catch the train译文A他们仅有足够的时间赶上火车。 ( )译文B他们差点儿没赶上火车。 ( )18. A.英语动词用得多，而汉语名词、介词用得多。 ( )B.英语名词、介词用得多，而汉语动词用得多。 ( )三、填空。根据下列单句中的原文填充译文中的空白1A delighted giggle cut through the severe silenceThe ice was brokenWe all laughed一阵咯咯的欢笑声打破了严肃而沉寂的气氛。（ ），大家都笑了起来。2The parson rode a step or two nearer 牧师（ ）走近了一两步。3He took me in from top t0 toe with a quick glance他以敏捷的眼光把我从头到脚（ ）。4The conclusion we reached in Britain is that change simply cannot sensibly be put off我们英国人得出的结论是，（ ）。5For Britain our membership of the European Union and the World Trade Organization has brought this home对我们英国来说，我们参加欧盟和世界贸易组织的经历使我们（ ）。6In the last five years inward investment in Britain has bought our people more than 250，000 new jobs译文：过去5年中外国对英投资为我国人民创造了（ ）就业机会。7在整个改革开放的过程中，必须始终注意坚持四项基本原则。Throughout the process of reform and opening，we must adhere to the（ ）8中国正处在社会主义的初级阶段。China is in the（ ），stage of socialism9家里最大的是我，才十三岁，就唱戏养家了。At thirteen，（ ），I acted to help support the family10从我们自己这些年的经验来看，经济发展隔几年上一个台阶，是能够办到的。Judging from what we have accomplished in recent years，it should be possible for our economy（ ）.11中央要求科技界面向经济建设。The Central Committee of the Party has called for the work in science and technology（ ）12第一架喷气式客机1957年在英国开始飞行。译文：（ ） saw the first jet airliner in 1 95213我们县的粮食产量是解放前的3倍。译文：The grain output of our country is（ ）that of before 1949四、Translation Improvement（改错）Directions：Each of the following translations has one or more inadequaciesImprove the given translations（下列单句译文有错误。如何改正?）例：Example：原文：He asked after you 译文：他在你之后发问。 改译：他问起你的情况。 1) 听到这个消息，他高兴得跳了起来。译文：While he listened to the news，he jumped with joy改正： 2) 他昨天告诉我，他已写完了作文。译文：He told me that he had finished writing his composition yesterday改正： 3) 我知道新体育馆在哪里和怎样到那里去。译文：I know where the new stadium is and how to get there改正： 4) 等到所有的伤员都被转移了，白求恩大夫才离开医院。 译文：DrBethune left the hospital until all the wounded soldiets were carried away改正： 5) 这篇文章给我们介绍了他们的教学方法。译文：This article tells us their teaching method改正： 6) 工人们用的这些工作台需要加高。译文：The worktables where the workers sit need being heightened改正： 7) 海洋覆盖了地球表面的71，是全球生命支持系统的一个基本组成部分。 译文：The ocean covers 71 percent of the earths surface and is a basic component of the global bio-support system改正：8) 一班的学生和二班的一样专心。译文：The students of Class One are as attentive as Class Two改正：9) It is time we took effective measures to deal with the problem of pollution译文：这时，我们已采取了有效措施来处理污染这一问题。改正：10)In any case it was a bad scene and one in which 1 would just glad never have taken part译文：总而言之，这是一个狼狈的场面，我很高兴，我永远也不会参与进去。改正：11) A visit to the slum areas of the town brought home to me what poverty really means译文：对该市贫民区的访问使我把贫穷的真正含义带回了国内。改正：12) To be a Negro in America is to hope against hope译文：作为一个美国黑人就是违背自己的希望。改正：13)In the evening，the wind blew south，and we felt very cool译文：傍晚，风向南边吹去，我们感到很凉爽。改正：14)Eggs are supposed to be one of the most healthful foodsNext to potatoesI think译文：鸡蛋被认为是最有益于健康的食品。我想与土豆接近。改正：15)Living things consist of minute structures called cells 译文：生物都是由称为细胞在几分钟之内就可形成的结构物组成的。改正：16）Adelaide enjoys Mediterranean climate 译文：阿德莱德享有地中海型气候。改译： 17）It Was an old and ragged moon 译文：那是一个又老又破的月亮。改译： 18）She recognized the absurdity of dealing with these people through intermediaries 译文：她认识到通过中间人跟这些人打交道的愚蠢性。改译： 19) One can never see too many summer sunrises 0n the Mississippi River译文：夏天，人们永远不能在密西西比河上看到太多的日出。改译： 20) Many of his ideas are especially interesting to modern youth译文：他的许多思想对当代青年特别感兴趣。改译： 21) They had barely enough time to catch the train 译文：他们刚够时间赶上火车。改译： 22) 革命是解放生产力，改革也是解放生产力。译文：Revolution means the emancipation of the productive forcesand reform also means the emancipation 0f the productive forces改译：23) 那个病人感到疼痛难忍，不断呻吟。译文：The patient Was very painful and groaned continually改译： 24) 王红是全班最聪明的。译文：Wang Hong is the cleverest of her classmates改译： 25) 样品及说明书如蒙早寄来，不胜感激。译文：If samples and brochures could soon be forwarded t0 usIt would be appreciated改译：26) Cattleraising，long an important industry in Texas，became even more flourishing after I11e war译文：在得克萨斯州，养牛长期以来就是重要的工业，战后更加繁荣。改正：27) Four watchtowers are placed，one at each corner 译文：四个角楼被放置在每个角落。改正：28) There are three main groups 0f oils：animal，vegetable and mineral译文：油可以分为三类：动物、植物和矿物。改正：29) His military career had been inglorious译文：他的军队生涯是不光彩的。改正：30) I decided to walk my dogThe path took us toward the park 译文：我打算去遛狗。这条路把我们带到了公园。改正：31) 她有力气，简直抵得过一个男子。译文：She has strength，and could do the work of a man改正：五、句子翻译1But there isnt anything here right now that I could offer youWe dont make many changes2They were beckoning mountains with a brown grass love3Yes，Sir JohnThank youAnything else I can do for you，Sir John?4在旧社会，我们评剧演员常常挣钱不够吃饭，艺人们大都是拉家带口，生活困难。5日子很快的过去了，她还像以前那样努力的工作，不计较饮食，从不吝惜自己的力气。六、Paragraph Translation（段落翻译）A. Directions：Translate the following passage into Chinese（将下列短文译成汉语）(20)1. The True Artist The true artist lets himself goHe is naturalHe swims easily in the stream of his own temperamentHe listens to himselfHe respects himself He comes into the light of everyday like a great leviathan of the deep，breaking the smooth surface of accepted things，gay，serious，sportiveHis appetite for life is enormousHe enters eagerly into the life of man，all menHe becomes all men in himself The function of the artist is to disturbHis duty is t0 arouse the sleepers，to shake the complacent pillars of the worldHe reminds the world of its dark ancestry，shows the world its present，and points the way to its new birthHe is at once the product and preceptor of his timeAfter his passage，we are troubled and made unsure of our too-easily-accepted realitiesHe makes uneasy the static，the set and thestillIn a world terrified of change，he preaches revolution-the principle of life. He is an agitator，a disturber of the peace-quick，impatient，positive，restless and disquietingHe is the creative spirit working in the soul of man真正的艺术家是狂放不羁的，它自由自在，悠然自得地在自己个性的川流中畅游。他倾听自我，尊重自我。他以深海巨鲸的姿态，浮现在日常生活的阳光下，打破人们习以为常的平静生活的洋面，轻松愉快，严肃认真，嬉笑自若，他酷爱生活，拥抱生活。他渴望与各种人物同命运，共呼吸。他成了所有人的化身。 艺术家的职责就是要惊世骇俗，唤醒沉睡的人们，震撼那些自以为是的社会中坚。他提醒人们不要忘记在黑暗中摸索的往昔岁月，向他们昭示当今世界，并为他们指引新生的道路。他既是时代的产儿，也是时代的先锋。在他亮相之后，人们始感困惑，开始对那些本来深信不疑是事物产生怀疑，他令静止、固定、僵死的一切躁动起来。在一个惧怕变革的世界里，他公开宣扬，变革乃是生活之本，他是一个鼓动家，一个打破平静生活的人物聪颖敏捷、充满渴望、坚定果断、不知疲倦和引发不安。他是活跃于人类灵魂中富有创造力的精灵。2 More than 7 million people live in Kashmir，which India and Pakistan have fought three wars overIn the words of the 1 9thcentury Irish poet Thomas Mooreit is“the Eden of the Earth”The capital 0f this Eden is the“Venice of the East，”the 1，400一yearold city of SrinagarLaced with canal and bridges，Srinagar has more miles of waterways than of its narrow，crooked streets。有超过七百万人住在克什米尔，印度和巴勒斯坦两个国家曾在那里打了三次战争。在十九世纪，爱尔兰诗人托马斯.摩尔曾把这里叫作“伊甸园的地球”。东方的水上大都市威尼斯就是伊甸园的首都，一座在斯里那加拥有1400年历史的城市。威尼斯是一座由运河跟桥梁连接起来的城市，在斯里那加那里水路还要比它那狭窄、拥挤的街道还要长好几英里。 B. Directions：Translate the following passage into English（将下列短文译成英语）1. 我们到底要培养什么样的大学生?我们今后能在色彩纷繁、瞬息万变的当今世界站住脚吗?看来，首先要启发学生的学习兴趣和主动性，培养他们的自学能力。We want to develop what kind of college students? Can we in color is vary from minute to minute, in the world hold future? Look, first of all to study interest and initiative of students, train their self-study ability.2. 节约粮食有潜力。据专家测算，中国粮食在种、收、运、储、销和加工、消费等环节的损失率至少为10，总损失量在4，500万吨以上。如果将各环节的损失降至合理范围，每年至少可节约粮食2，000万吨。Has the potential to save grain. According to expert estimates, Chinas grain in the collection, storage, transportation, processing, marketing and consumption, and other sectors of the loss rate of at least 10%, the total loss of more than 45000000 tons. If the loss of various links to a reasonable range, can save at least 20000000 tons of grain every year.3. 虎求百兽而食之，得狐。狐日：“子无敢食我也!天帝使我长百兽，今子食我，是逆天帝命也。子以我为不信，吾为子先行，子随我后，观百兽之见我而敢不走乎?”虎以为然，故遂与之行，兽见之皆走，虎不知兽畏己而走也，以为畏狐也。For beasts and food tiger, fox. Fox: son do not dare to eat me! Heaven makes me long beasts, now sub eats me, is the counter God life. If you dont believe in me, I for sub advance, with my son, I see the concept of animals and dare not to walk? The tiger is so, which is then OK, take all the animals see the beast, the tiger did not know fear oneself go also, thinks the fear fox.结果英汉翻译练习题二一、Phrase Translation（词语翻译）A. Directions：Put the following phrases into Chinese（将下列词语译成汉语） 1) residential section( ) 2) the overseas trade （ ） 3) joint venture （ ）4) the Nile Delta（ ） 5) marine insurance（ ）6）in this respect ( )7）from antiquity ( )8）the internal combustion engine ( )9）to fall apart ( ) 10）William the Conqueror ( )11）sovereign nations( ) 12）1abor intensive industries( ) 13）integration in world markets( ) 14）agonizing flashbacks( )15）mind you( )16）a container port( )17）a global economy( )B. Directions：Put the following phrases into English（将下列词语译成英语）1) 故宫（ ）2) 自然资源（ ）3) 大陆架（ ）4) 营业执照（ ）5) 灶王爷（ ）6) 金融危机( )7) 全国人民代表大会( )8) 中国新民主主义革命( )9) 罢工( )10) 振兴中华( )11) 绞尽脑汁( )12) 威斯敏斯特教堂( )13) 丝绸之路( )14) 不惜力气( )15) 熬夜 ( ) 16) 水产品( )17) 腊月( )18) 捣乱滋事( )二、Multiple Choice Questions（选择题）ADirections：This part consists of ten sentenceseach followed by four different versions labeled A，B，C and DChoose the one that is the closest equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness 1The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it( ) A海洋与其说分开世界，不如说把它连起来。 B与其说海洋把世界分隔开来，不如说把世界连接起来。 C海洋把世界分隔开来没有像把它连接起来多。 D海洋分隔世界的程度不如连接世界的程度大。 2Being a metal，mercury is not a solid( ) A作为一种金属，水银不是固体。 B由于是金属，水银不是固体。 C汞虽是金属，但不是固体。 D汞是一种金属，却不是一种固体。 3A translator has to know everything 0f something and something 0f everything( ) A一个翻译人员对一些事情要什么都懂，对什么事情又要懂一些。 B翻译人员对有些事情要无所不晓，对什么事情又要略知一二。 C翻译人员对于知识既要精深，又要渊博。 D译者要知之为知之，不知为不知。 4It was a cold winter day( ) A这是一个寒冷的冬天。 B这是寒冬的一天。 C这是冬天寒冷的一天。 D这是一个寒冷的冬日。 5. The film is a dramatic treatment of a threatened stoppage in a factory( ) A本片是对一家工厂的一场受到威胁的罢工的戏剧的处理。 B本片对一家工厂的一场可能发生的罢工，进行戏剧性的处理。 C本片用戏剧性手法，表现了一家工厂是如何面临罢工威胁的。 D该片对一家受到罢工威胁的工厂进行了戏剧性处理。6I have no opinion of that sort of man( ) A我不赞成那种人的意见。 B我对那样人毫无意见。 C我对那种人毫无好感。 D我没有那种人的观点。7她是班里唱得最好的。( ) AShe is better singer than any in the class BShe is the best singer in the class CShe sings better than any in the class DShe is the best singer of all her classmates8我陷入了沉思。( ) AI Was lost in thought BI lost in thought CMy thought was lost D1 was deep in thought9没有他的帮助，我早就失败了。( )ABut for his help。1 would fail BWithout his help。1 would have failed CIf he didnt help me。1 would have failed DIf not for h