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职称英语考前总辅导(一)词汇选项题型分析近年来,词汇选项的考试题目涉及面较宽,考试的内容也较为庞杂,并有专业化的倾向。但是,词汇选项题表面上看来是对词汇记忆能力与理解能力的考查,即出题者在设定的句子中有意识地考查应试者对句中某个词汇特定意思的辨识和理解,要求应试者在给出的四个词汇选项中,寻找意思与画线词汇相同或者相近的词汇。根据对往年职称英语考试试题的综合分析,我们发现绝大多数画线词汇并非怪僻难懂,而四个备选项的词汇也绝非稀奇古怪,让人无法揣测或者无从取舍,相反,许多画有底线的词汇都是我们较熟悉或者是考试大纲规定的词汇,而四个备选词汇也是我们常用到的或者应该掌握的规定词汇。可是,即使应试者对该考试题型中所涉及的词汇都认识或者熟悉,仍不能保证取得令人满意的成绩。经过分析,我们认为导致这种结果的主要原因是尽管应试者对词汇意义有较好的掌握,能够记住一个词汇的多项意思或者解释,但当把这个词汇放在特定语境中时,该词汇的意思就相对稳定了,特指某一意项,同时四个备选项中只有一个能够准确地表达或解释该词的意思,虽然其他的备选词汇或许能够表达该词的其他意思。通过这种理性的分析,不难看出词汇选项貌似考查应试者的词汇量以及对词汇意思的娴熟程度,但实质是对应试者英语基本功的综合测评。这些基本功主要是指除了词汇的准确记忆和正确运用之外的英语语法,它们包括虚拟语气,状语从句,定语从句,形容词从句,副词从句,独立主格,动词的非谓语形式,情态动词,以及几乎所有词类等等。因此,在这一部分,我们除了介绍不同题目的解题方法外,将分别就名词、动词、形容词和副词四类常考词汇的试题举例说明。(二)词汇选项解题技巧做好词汇选项题的关键是:一、熟悉第一部分所讲的语法知识,并能够准确理解和灵活运用;二、认真辨识词汇的词性,避免因词性判断失当影响结果;三、沉着冷静分析四个备选词汇,尽可能挖掘彼此问的异同,用排除法确定最终选项。此外,对字义、词义的理解,其基本原则是:字不离词,词不离句。也就是说,前者构成了后者的语境,只有依靠具体的语境,才能把词义理解准确、透彻。所以解答这类题目时最重要的是能够对整个句子的意思或需要表达的意图进行分析,准确地把握,这样才能划断应该选择什么词。当然,还应该具有一定的词汇量,而且对常用词的词义、用法等必须是熟悉的。这是最最基本的。例如:【例l】The Klondike was the scene of one of the biggest gold rushes the world has ever known.A.10cation B.view C.event D.1andscape2 全国职称英语等级考试考前总辅导与模拟试题理工类【解析】答案为A。首先研究画线词:scene是常见词。其语义可以从原句中找到线索:原句说“scene是Klondike”,而Klondike明显是一专有名词(首字母K大写),所以Klondike是地名。因此 scene是“地方”。备选答案都属于常见词汇,其中location是“位置,地方”;view是“景致”;event是“事件”,landscape是“景色”。所以A是答案。【例2】Computers will flourish because they enable US to accomplish tasks that could never beforehave been undertakenA.implement B.render C.complete D.assign【解析】答案为C。accomplish:完成。A.implement:贯彻,执行;B.render:使得,使变为;提出; C.complete:完成,结束;D.assign:分配,委派,指定。从词义上看,只有implement和complete似乎符合题意,但是implement通常指贯彻或执行某种决定、决议、方针或政策等,而不是完成某一工作或任务,但complete可以指完成某项任务,所以此题只有complete和accomplish词义最相近。参考译文:计算机能使人们完成前人从未能开展过的工作,所以它势必会蓬勃发展。(三)词汇选项例题解析l.名词试题辨析【例l】The farm ministers scheduled anmergency meeting in Luxembourg in,hopes of easing theworldwide“mad COW”panic.A.crisis B.alarm C.hazard D.peril【解析】8。panic:恐慌,惊慌。A.crisis:危机;8.alarm:惊恐,惊慌;警报;C.hazard:危险,危害; D.peril:危机,严重危险。划线词panic指的是人们遇到不愉快或危险的事物后所产生的不安或惊恐的反映,它强调的是人的一种反映,并非指事物本身的危险或危机,因此就排除了A、c和D选项;alarm有与panic相近的含义,也指一种不安或惊慌的反映,所以应选B。参考译文:农业部长们在卢森堡召集紧急会议,以期缓解全球范围内的“疯牛”恐慌。【例2】The young man asked his parents not to worry because he was full of optimism about his ca.【解析】8。optimism:乐观,乐观主义。A.motivation:动机,动力;B.confidence:信心;C.imagina. tion:想像,空想,想像力;D.resolution:决心,坚决;决议。从这四个选项的词义中可以看出只有con. fidence可以代替划线词,原题中指对事业充满乐观意即对事业充满信心,而其他三个选项与划线词相差甚远。参考译文:那位年轻人让他的父母不要担心,因为他对自己的事业极为乐观。2.动词试题辨析【例l】Jim hasgained SO much weight that a lot of his clothes dont fit him any more: A.put off B.put down C.put on D.put up , 【解析】C。gain属常见词汇,其语义也可从原句语义推出:原句说:“Jim的体重,以致他的许多衣服都不再合身了。”可见gain在原旬中是“增加”(gain的基本含义是“获得”.).。备选答案都是与put相关的短语,对于短语语义可以从短语中的“介词/副词”的语义推出。0ff是“.离开”; down是“向下”;0n是“朝,向”,up是“(方向的)向上”,比较而言,put on合适,另外,put Q5If。是“延期”,put down是“记下”,put on是“增加”put up是“举起”。 【例2】The contrary old hostilities betw_、een the two tribes eventually terminated throtlgh the persistentefforts of the local government.A.vanished B.diminished C.shrunk D.worsened【解析】A。terminate:终止,结束。A.vanish:消失,消散;B;diminish:缩小,减少,递减j C. shrink:退缩,畏缩,缩水;D.worsen:使更坏,变得更坏,恶化。terminate的含义告诉我们某事已经完结而不存在了,而diminish和worsen分别表示“减少”和“恶化”,这与题句不符;shrink表示因恐惧等而“畏缩不前”或指织物“缩水”,这显然也与题意不符,所以只能选vanish。它表示某物或某事已不存在。参考译文:在地方政府的不懈努力下,这两个部落间的世纪仇恨终于得以化解。【例3】Long before the concert began,big crowds of pop fans had assembled in the stadium. A.concentrated B.resembled C.gathered D.dispersed【解析】c。对于该题,线索词:assemble不是常见的词汇,但其语义可以依据句中的线索词: concert(音乐会)和big crowds of pop fans(大群的歌迷),从而推出应是“拥挤或堆积”。而concert trate是“集中”;resemble是“类似”;9ather是集合,聚集;disperse是“分散”。所以答案为gather,是C。【例4】In order to improve our standard of livin9,we have to accelerate production.A.step up B.decrease C.stop D.control【解析】A。首先研究画线词:accelerate是常见的词汇,且其语义还可以从句义推出:原句说“为了提高我们的生活水平,我们要对生产怎样”。比较答案:备选答案中后叵个都是常见动词,其含义分别是:“减少”,“停止”,和“控制”,可见这三个都不是答案,所以答案只能是A。step up的含义是“加速”。 .【例5】Hermans SUCCESS is due to his hard work and his ability to formulate plans that will get workdone efficiently.A.fulfill B.approve C.conceive D.conduct【解析】C。formulate:构思,想出;明确地表达。A.fulfill:履行;8.approve:赞成,同意,批准; C.conceive:想出(一个主意、计划等);构思;D.conduct:指导,指挥;传电。从这四个选项的词义中可以看出A、B和D的词义与划线词的意思相差甚远,而C选项意思虽然与划线词有些出入,但如果放在句中完全可以代替,意为“设想或构思计划”,这依旧可以保持原句的意思。参考译文:赫尔曼的成功归因于他的努力工作以及他制定计划的能力,而这些计划能使工作得以有效地完成。3.形容词试题辨析【例l】All the staff members of the department made zealous efforts to clean up the hall for the【解析】A。zealous:热心的,热情的。A.enthusiastic:热心的,热情的;B.concerted:商议好的,协定的,预定的;C.gigantic:巨大的,庞大的;D.dedicated:专用的(设备)。从这四个选项的词义可以看出只有enthusiastic可以代替划线词,指做出“积极热情”的努力,而其他选项都与划线词词义相差甚远。参考译文:为了准备圣诞节晚会,这个部门所有的员工都积极热情地清扫了大厅。【例2】The recent findings are also applicable to other areas of design engineeringA.relevant B.practical C.convenient D.comparable。【解析】A。applicable:可适用的,可应用的。A.relevant:与相关的,适当的;8:practical:实际的,实用性的;C.convenient:便利的,方便的;D.comparable:可比较的,比得上的。从以上分析看, practical似乎符合题意,但我们应该考虑到题句中的划线词后面有一个介词t0,而practiqa_后是不4 全国职称英语等级考试考前总辅导与模拟试题理工类能跟介词t0的,而且practical的含义指某一思想或方法在现实的情形中有效或能够获得成功。而 applicable在题句中的意思是“发现也能应用于其他领域”,所以此词不符合题意。其他三个选项能与介词t0搭配的只有relevant和comparable,但comparable的含义显然与划线词不符,所以只能选 relevant(to),换入题句中指最近的发现也与其他领域的设计工程相关或相适应。参考译文:最近的发现也可应用于其他领域的设计工程。【例3】Some fairy.tales teach children to be brave and persistent.A.courageous B.obedient C.10yal D.honest【解析】A。首先看一眼答案:四个备选答案全为形容词。原句的划线处词为brave,是常见的词,其含义为“勇敢的”。而答案A:courageous的语义为“勇敢的”,courage(勇气)是常见词,根据构词法,.OUS是常见的把名词变成形容词的后缀,所以courageous的语义为“勇敢的”。所以答案为A。【例4】Fruits such as apples and oranges are very wholesome,and may be eaten at any time.A.normal B.healthy C.appropriate D.proper【解析】8。对于该题,wholesome可能对考生来说是生词,其语义只能依据句中的线索appr0 priate proper词:fruits(水果)和eaten at any time(可在任何时候吃),于是推出其应是褒义词。而 Proper与appropriate语义相近,所以相互排除;normal(通常的)不是褒义词,所以healthy(有利于健康的)是答案,答案为B。【例5】Even in a highly modernized country,manual work is still needed.A.expressive B.physical C.exaggerated D.dubious【解析】8。研究画线词:manual似乎是“生词”,依构词法:它的前部分是man(人),且manual在原句中修饰work,所以推测该词义大概是“与人有关的工作”。而备选答案中:expressive与ex- press(表达)有关;physical是常见词汇,其语义是“物质的,身体的,体力的”,因此可以推断physical是答案。另外:exaggerated是“夸张的”,dubious是“可疑的”。所以答案是B。4.副词试题辨析【例】Sulphur h毪s occasionally been found in the earth in an almost pure state.A.regularly B:accidentally C.sometimes D.successfully【解析】c。首先看一眼答案:四个备选答案全为副词。划线词occasionally的语义单一,含义为“(非以外的)偶尔地”。而备选答案中的词都是常见词汇,其中regularly是“定期地”;accidentally是“(以外的)偶然”,而sometimes是“有时”;successfully是“成功地”,所以答案为C。1.教材必备词汇(同义词)a better an improved a branch a division a plentiful an abundantabandon give up abide by stick to abnormal unusual abrupt sudden二、阅读判断(一)阅读判断题型分析阅读判断是近年职称外语考试新增加的题型,形式为:给出一篇短文,短文后列出7个句子,有的句子提供的是正确的信息,有的句子提供的是错误信息,有的句子的信息在短文中并未直接或间接提及。要求应试者根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。阅读判断主要考查应试者识别和判断文章所提供的信息的能力。当然,它也考查应试者阅读理解的能力。职称英语考试阅读判断所选用的文章通常为科普文章,300450词汇左右,语言难度不会超出考试大纲要求,对超纲的词汇也都给出中文解释。这部分的短文与阅读理解部分的科技文章难度相当,阅读判断的难度略低于阅读理解。(二)阅读判断解题技巧阅读判断是比较难把握的一个题型,做这类题切忌通过自己对某类知识的主观了解和认识做出想像判断,一定要紧扣文章内容,不可随心所欲。1.理解原文。可在阅读理解中运用的技巧同样适用于本题型。2.利用问题。这一点尤为重要。短文后的7个句子都比较简洁易懂。在阅读这几个句子时要把握每一个句子的关键词语,了解这句话到底想要问什么。然后根据句子提供的线索,寻找文中相应部分,注意对这一部分意思的理解,必要时要参照上下文,作出判断。3.可利用语法、词法判断答案所在相关句子的肯定与否定含义。4.有时,短文后的句子就是文章的原句,或者只是换了一种说法,这就很好判断。如果句子的上下文没有对这个句子进行否定,就可判断其为right,如果有对其进行否定,那么就为wron9。5.当题目中的句子主语范围大于原句的主语范围时,我们可以判断这句话是错的。6.当主题句以肯定的语气表述一个观点或指出某某条件的必要性,而原文只是以推测或建议的语气陈述同一事物时,可以判断题目句为wron9。7.当主题句所述内容在文章中根本没有提及,或题目句的主语范围小于原句主语范围时,可判断题目句为not mentionedo8.当题目句的任一语法结构与原文不一致时,可判断此句为wron9或not mentioned。(三)阅读判断解题谋略1.阅读标题。2.浏览全文。3.确切理解题目的含义,找出问句中的关键词语。4.利用关键词语在文章中确定答案位置。5.仔细查看文章中关键词语所在句子中的含义,同时注意其上下文。(四)阅读判断例题解析Chewing GumThe practice of chewing gum(口香糖)has been with US for more than a century.Millions of people all over the world chew billions of pieces of gum every year.Chewing gum became popular in the United States mainly because of the work of one man,William Wrigley,Who for many years was head of the Wrigley Company.Earlier,Thomas Adams first began to experiment with chewing gum in about the year l 870.It was he who first made gum softer and pleasant to chew.But it was not until Wrigley entered the business in about l890 that people everywhere began to learn about chewing gum and to use it widely.Wrigley liked to do things in a big way.In his first year,he borrowed money and spent more than a million dollars on advertisin9.For years.there was a large Wrigleys advertisement in every streetcar(有轨电车)in the United States.People complained that they could not go anywhere without seeing Wri9IcyS name.Wrigley even sent,free of charge,pieces of gum to every person in the telephone book of every city and town in the United States.Finally,he began to advertise that it was good for the health to chew gum and that it helped to keep the teeth clean.He used to send free gum to every child in the United States on his second biahday.He employed young women wh0,in beautiful dresses,would go from city to city in groups of four or five,stand on street corners,and give flee chewing gum to every person who passed by.In this way,each woman gave away about five thousand pieces of WrigleyS gum every day.As a result of this continuous advertisin9, people in the United States naturally began to buy more and more chewing gum.1.William Wrigley first started to experiment with chewing gum.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned2.William Wrigley liked to do things in a big way.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned3.William Wrigley sent free gum to every pretty woman in the US.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned4.Americans had been chewing gum since befor毛Thomas Adams was born.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned5.Americans began to chew more and more gum mainly because of WrigleyS continuous advertising A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned6.Building Wrigley empire took not only time and money,but creativity and business sense. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned7.Following the success of chewing gum,schools handed out gum to schoolchildren. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned【答案与解析】1.B这句的关键词是“first”,原文Thomas Adams first began 是William Wrigley。2.A几乎是文章的原句。to experiment with chewing gum。而不商3.B试题句的范围大于原文的范围。4.B文章中说Thomas Adams是第一个研究ISl香糖的人。5.A文章的结尾:As a result of this continuous advertisin9.people in the United States naturally be. gan to buy more and more chewing gum。6.A这句话虽然在原文中没有直接表示,但是Wrigley的种种行动和努力都证明了这一点。7.c原文中没有提及。三、概括大意与完成句子(一)概括大意与完成句子题型分析概括大意与完成句子这种题型不仅可以检验学生对文章的理解,同时还可以测试学生对英语的基本语法知识的掌握程度,对语言文字的表达、驾驭能力,是一种极好的能够体现学生综合素质的题型。这部分考题的分数为8分,共有8个小题,前三个小题是要求应试者从备选的六个答案中为文章指定的四个段落各选择一个正确的小标题;后四个小题是要求应试者从备选的六个答案中选择4四个正确选项补全句子。这部分考题主要是考察应试者把握文章段落大意及细节的能力。概括大意与完成句子题的类型通常有两种:1.主题概括性。这类问题通常考查学生对语篇的整体理解能力以及分析、推理、归纳等逻辑能力。2.具体细节型。这类问题通常考核学生对具体事实、时间、地点、人物、同义词、反义词、目的、内容、区别等细节问题的确切理解能力。这部分的文章大多涉及文化和社会,有时也可能是是科普性的文章。文章的难度与阅读理解部分的难度相当。前四个题是要求应试者为指定的四段分别找出四个小标题;后四个题是完成句子,这四个句子是对文章中的主要论述点/事实的陈述,句子结构较简单,通常为简单句。(二)概括大意与完成句子解题技巧对于要求寻找小标题的问题,解题方法是利用指定段的段首句和/或段尾句中的线索词(往往 是形容词,副词,谓语动词短语)在备选答案中进行筛选;有时还需要浏览该段找出该段中反复使 用的近义词/短语,因为它们就是该段强调的中心;对于要求完成句子的这部分题,解题方法是: 1.利用常用的搭配结构来进行判断;2.利用所给出的句子前面部分的语义在备选答案中进行初步 筛选;3.抓住所给出的句子前面部分的线索词往往是主语部分形容词,谓语部分的动词在原文套中进行快速查找。(三)概括大意与完成句子解题谋略一般来讲,作概括大意与完成句子题应遵循以下几个步骤来进行:1.阅读要有的放矢。可先用一分钟左右的时间,来大致了解一下文章后面提出的问题及其所问的内容,做到阅读文章时心中有数,带着问题去阅读。这样做最大的优点是避免了阅读中的盲目性,既节约了阅读时间,又提高了阅读效率,同时也就把握住了回答问题的准确度。2.然后,用五分钟左右的时间来仔细阅读文章,阅读速度一般为每分钟60个词汇,不宜过快过急,否则就要影响理解效果,欲速则不达。阅读时凭借脑中对各题所问内容的印象,捕捉与问题有关的信息词。在原文和问题有关短语、句子上做相应的标记。以便做题时查找。3.原则上,读一遍原文即可答题,一般难度的问题到此即可获得圆满答案。如果有的问题较难,难以立刻找到答案,可有选择地再仔细阅读原文中与该题有关的内容。切忌应试者凭自己的主观臆断来答题。4.答案一定要写在该题所要求写的地方,以避答非所问之嫌,而影响得分。四)概括大意与完成句子例题解析【例l】 No-tobacco Day1.People in all pans of the world are observing N0tobacco Day.It is the day when the World Health Organization appeals to people to stop using tobacco products.The WHO hopes if people stop smoking cigarettes or chewing tobacco for one day they would stop permanently.2.Health expels have warned for years that smoking can lead to heaa disease,cancer and other problems.The WHO says diseases linked to smoking kill at least two million and five hundred thousand persons each year.Still,many people find it difficult to stop smokin9.One reason is nicotine,the sub. stance found in cigarettes.The United States governmentS top medical official has said nicotine is dru9. He said the effects of nicotine are similar to the effects of cocaine and heroin.3.One of the words on N0.tobacco Day goes to an American David Guiles.Mr.GulleS is a former spokesman for a major tobacco company.He is now an anti-tobacco activist.He tells story to thousands of students each week.Another activist is Robert Matherony of the World Health Organization.Mr. Matherony says N0tobacco Day is aimed at smokers and those who earn money from tobaccO sales.4.Though today,businesses are asked to stop selling tobacco products for 24 hours.Newspapers are asked not to publish advertisements for cigarettes,Mr.Matherony says he has observed an important de. velopment in recent years.In industrial countries,the number of smokers has been fallin9.about l%a year.But in developing countries,the number has been risin9 2%a year.He says this is a result of in。 creased efforts by tobacco companies to sell their products in developing countries.5.The World Health Organization has approved plans to help reach its goal of smoke.free world.One urges governments to offer tobacco farmers a chance to earn money by growing other crops.Another in. volves improved public information campaigns about the dangers of smokin9.1.paragraph 22.paragraph 33.paragraph 44.paragraph 5A.Danger of smokingB.HOW come N0.tobacco dayC.Mr.MatheronyS observation D.Members of WH0E.Two activistsF.Plans for smoke.free world5.The WHO hopes that people could stop using6.Many peopleone daydiseases linked to smoking each year7.Mr.Guiles used to be the spokesman of a8.The number of smokers has beenin industrial countries but rising in developing countries【答案与解析】1.A 2.E 3.C 4.F 5.B 6.F 7.C 8.D这是一篇科普文章,没有多少生词,我们可以先将文章浏览一遍。文章的标题是无烟日,在看到这个标题的时候,就应该想到该文与“禁烟”有关。果然,文章的第一段讲述了无烟日的来历及世界卫生组织设置无烟日的目的。第二段讲述了烟草的危害及“戒烟难”的原因。紧接着介绍了两个“禁烟运动”的积极分子。文章的第四段是说,虽然发达国家的吸烟者在减少,但发展中国家的吸烟人数却呈上升趋势。最后在文章的结尾,提出了世界卫生组织为实现“无烟世界”的目标所制订的两个计划。当我们通读完全文后,先看概括大意题。第二段的第一句即为本段主题句,把这句话简洁地表达出来,就是选项A。所以第一题的答案为A。第三段介绍了两个人,都是antitobacco activist。有的应试者可能会误选D,但是D指的是WH0的成员,而不是工作人员,而且文中也没提Mr.Gulles是 WH0的工作人员,所以第二题正确的答案为E。第四段的主题句为本段第一句话Though today,busi nesses are asked to stop selling tobacco products for 24 hours.Newspapers are asked not to publish adver tisements for cigarettes.Mr.Matherony says he has observed an important development in recent years.这个句子的前半部是让步状语从句,后半部分为本段关键。段落的其他部分是说明Mr.Matherony注意到了什么现象。所以第三题的答案为c。第五段讲了WH0的计划,所以第四题答案为F。再来看完成句子部分。第五题的句子与文章第一段第二句It is the day when the World Health Organization appeals to people to stop using tobacco products.非常相像,而appeal与hope意思相近,所以答案为8。第六句缺的是谓语,别无选择,只有F。第七句要了解used to be的意思为“过去是”,与former意思相近,所以答案为c。第八句为文章原句,答案为D。实际上看到but就应该想到要填的是risin9的反义词fallin9。【例2】FUture of Smallpox Virus1.The disease smallpox(天花)has killed hundreds of millions of people around the world since ancient times.A vaccine(疫苗)medicine to prevent the disease was discover in the l790s.It took al most 200 years of using the vaccine to completely defeat smallpox.The disease was ended in l980 after a world.wide vaccination effort.2.Today,small amounts of the smallpox virus officially exist in only two places.One is the Ameri。 can Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta,Georgia.The other is RussiaS State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology in Siberia.3.In l 996.a committee of the World Health Organization voted to destroy all the remaining smallpoxvirus by June of this year.The United States supported the decision.But members of a WHO committee recently disagreed about the question.4.Officials and health experts believe that extremist groups in other areas of the world also have the virus.They fear that smallpox could be used as a terrorist weapon.In Washington,a committee of the In- stitute of Medicine recently released a report on the question.The Institute is part of the National Acade- my of Sciences.The report says keeping the smallpox virus could be important for scientists.It says the live smallpox virus could be used to produce medicines to treat the disease if necessary.And it says con tinued study of the virus could increase knowledge about how viruses infect people and the bodyS de fense system against disease.The report is expected to influence the Clinton AdministrationS decision on the question.5.People who support destroying the virus say a vaccine could still be produced without the live vi rus.And they say keeping the virus continues the danger that it could escape from the laboratories acci dentally and cause disease.The World Health Organization will debate the future of the smallpox virus at a meeting in Geneva,Switzerland in May.1.Paragraph l2.Paragraph 23.Paragraph 34.Paragraph 45.The disease smallpox was6.Today there7.There arein l980.smallpox virus for researchopinions on destroying smallpox virus8.Officials and health experts fear that smallpox could be used as【答案与解析】1.C 2.D 3.F 4.A 5.B 6.E 7.D 8.C【解析】这篇文章的题目是“天花病毒的将来”,当我们看到这一题目的时候,能够知道这是一篇有关天花病毒的文章,但什么是天花病毒的“将来”呢?带着这个问题我们浏览一下全文。原来,这篇文章谈的是天花这种疾病在1980年就不复存在了,但是世界上还存有少量天花病毒供科学研究之用,对这部分病毒的存在,人们有不同的意见,有人认为有必要保留这部分病毒,有人认为应销毁这部分病毒。这篇文章的各个段落都没有明显的主题句,需要我们自己去提炼段落大意。我们可以先参照一下文章后的问题。六个选项的意思分别是:A,保留天花病毒的原因;B,支持销毁天花病毒的观点及天花病毒的将来;C,天花的消失;D,有少量天花病毒存在以供科学研究;E,天花的危害;F,是否销毁天花病毒的不同意见。文章的第一段最后一句The disease was ended in l980 after a world.wide vaccination effort.指出了天花这一疾病不复存在的事实,所以第一题答案为C;第二段说的是有少量病毒存放在美国和俄罗斯,所以第二题答案为D;第三段讲了美国支持销毁病毒,世界卫生组织反对,所以第三题答案为 F;第四段提出了保留天花病毒的种种用途,所以第四题答案为A。作完概括大意题后,我们对整个文章有了进一步的了解,完成句子部分就显得比较简单了。第五题有smallpox could be used as a terrorist weapon.所以答案为C o一个时间“1980”,这是天花消失的时间,所以答案为B;第六题的答案在第二段,答案为E;第七题答案为D;第八题的答案在第四段They fear that四、阅读理解(一)阅读理解题型分析阅读理解部分的目的主要是测试下述能力:(1)掌握所读材料的主旨和大意;(2)了解注意主旨和大意的事实和细节;(3)既理解字面意思,也能根据材料进行一定的判断和推论;(4)既理解个别句子的意义,也理解上下文的逻辑关系。综合起来,阅读理解选择题的题型大致有以下几种:(1)主题、主旨类选择题。这类题包括确定短文

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