高三英语复习教案（7）.doc

荿薃蚂羃肈莆薈羂膁薁袆羁芃莄袂羀蒅虿螈罿膅蒂蚄羈芇蚈薀羇荿蒀衿羇聿蚆螅肆膁葿蚁肅芄蚄薇肄蒆蒇羆肃膆芀袂肂芈薅螈肁莀莈蚄肁肀薄薀肀膂莆袈腿芅薂螄膈莇莅蚀膇肇薀蚆膆艿莃羅膅莁蚈袁膅蒃蒁螇膄膃蚇蚃螀芅蒀蕿衿莈蚅袇袈肇蒈螃袈膀蚃蝿袇莂薆蚅袆蒄荿羄袅膄薄袀袄芆莇螆袃荿薃蚂羃肈莆薈羂膁薁袆羁芃莄袂羀蒅虿螈罿膅蒂蚄羈芇蚈薀羇荿蒀衿羇聿蚆螅肆膁葿蚁肅芄蚄薇肄蒆蒇羆肃膆芀袂肂芈薅螈肁莀莈蚄肁肀薄薀肀膂莆袈腿芅薂螄膈莇莅蚀膇肇薀蚆膆艿莃羅膅莁蚈袁膅蒃蒁螇膄膃蚇蚃螀芅蒀蕿衿莈蚅袇袈肇蒈螃袈膀蚃蝿袇莂薆蚅袆蒄荿羄袅膄薄袀袄芆莇螆袃荿薃蚂羃肈莆薈羂膁薁袆羁芃莄袂羀蒅虿螈罿膅蒂蚄羈芇蚈薀羇荿蒀衿羇聿蚆螅肆膁葿蚁肅芄蚄薇肄蒆蒇羆肃膆芀袂肂芈薅螈肁莀莈蚄肁肀薄薀肀膂莆袈腿芅薂螄膈莇莅蚀膇肇薀蚆膆艿莃羅膅莁蚈袁膅蒃蒁螇膄膃蚇蚃螀芅蒀蕿衿莈蚅袇袈肇蒈螃袈膀蚃蝿袇莂薆蚅袆蒄荿羄袅膄薄袀袄芆莇螆袃荿薃蚂羃肈莆薈羂膁薁袆羁芃莄袂羀蒅虿螈罿膅蒂蚄羈芇蚈薀羇荿蒀衿羇聿蚆螅 高三英语复习教案（7）（SB IUnits 13-14）$一、单元考点提示1、单词A as,at/in/on,like,president,news,death,considerB tired,well,consider,suggest,need,worry,stop,interest, 不定代词的修饰语2、短语A fight against,used to,no more than,become interested in,be against,set up,of ones own,be free to do sth.,break away from,break out,join up,call for,for the second timeB get along/get along with,be kind to,make fun of,anything else,tell a lie,at all，形容词比较级表示最高级含义3、句型结构1.so+adj.(adv.)2.so+adj.+a(n)+单数可数名词3.so+adj.(少数表示量的形容词)+可数名词复数（或不可数名词）4.spend time/money on sth.5.spend time in doing sth.6.seem为连系动词，其基本句型和用法=二、考点精析与拓展I.单词和词组1、break 小结break 一词常用搭配有：（1）break out(战争、火灾、争吵、瘟疫等)爆发A big fire broke out in the city last week.(2)break away from 脱离A carriage(车厢)broke away from the train.(3)break the law 违反法律Who breaks the law will be punished by the law.(4)break in 破门而入；打断He broke in to say that he was not interested in what I was talking about.(5)break down 损坏；中断Her fridge has broken down for a long time.(6)break off 打断；结束；暂停They were arguing(争论)but broke off when someone came into the room.(7)break into闯入；侵入Thieves broke into my house when I was out.2.consider用法小结consider是个很常用的动词，其意义不同，句型结构也不同。我们在学习中要特别注意。（1）作“仔细考虑、深思熟虑”解，consider可作不及物动词或及物动词。作及动词时，后可接名词、代词、动名词作宾语，不能接动词不定式，但可以接疑问词+不定式，相当于宾语从句。例如：Consider carefully before you decide.你要慎重考虑后再做决定。They considered your suggestion.他们仔细考虑了你的建议。He is considering studying abroad.他在考虑出国留学。We are considering how to help them.我们在考虑如何帮助他们。（2）作“将视为、认为、以为”解。可用consider+名词+（to be）名词（形容词）或consider+名词+as+名词（形容词）结构，但当不定式为行为动词时，不能省略，不可用于进行时。这样用时相当于that引导宾语从句。例如：He considers himself(to be)clever(=as clever).=He considers that he is clever.他认为自己很聪明。I consider him(to be)my closest friend(as my closest friend).=I consider(that)he is my closest friend.我把他视为我最亲密的朋友。He is considered to have invented the first computer.他被认为是最早发明计算机的人。还可用于consider+it(形式宾语)+形容词+不定式结构。例如：I consider it wrong for students to smoke.我认为学生抽烟是不对的。3.fight against;fight forfight with,fight against意为“为反对而战、与作斗争”,against 后面接的是反对的对象，如：They are fighting against their enemy.他们在与敌人作战。Political leaders fought against slavery.政治领导们为了反对奴隶制度而斗争。fight for 意为“为争取而斗争、因为而打架”。如：Two dogs fight for a bone,and a third runs away with it.两只狗为抢一块骨头而打架，另一只狗把骨头叼走了。fight with意为“同（一起并肩）作战、与作战”，它含有两重意思，试比较：They fought with the Italian in the last war.他们在最后的这次战争中是与意大利人作战。They fought with the Italian against France in that war.在那次战争中，他们和意大利联合作战反对法国。4.no more than;not more than;no more.than;not more.thanno more than 意为“仅仅、只不过”，相当于only。它与数字连用时，意为“仅仅至多”，强调“少”，带有说话者的感情色彩。如：I am no more than a teacher.我只是个教师而已。There were no more than two hospitals in this city before liberation.解放前，这座城市里只有两家医院（表示很少）not more than 后面接数词时，表示“不超过、最多”的意思。用来说明情况，并含有“少”之意，也不带有说话者的主观色彩。如：There are not more than ten minutes left.最多只剩下10分钟了。（表示客观事实）“no more+形容词（副词）原级+than”意为“两者同样不”，前面和后面同时否定，带有感情色彩。如:This tool is no more useful than that one.这件工具与那件工具一样没有用。（两者都没有用）“not more+形容词（副词）原级than”意为“不比更”。这是比较级的正规用法，表示比较的事实，两者都肯定。如：his tool is not more useful than one.这样工具不及那件工具有用。（两者都有用）.shoot sb./sth;shoot at sb./sth.在shoot sb./sth.中，shoot为及物动词，除了shoot the arrow(射箭)外，其宾语多为射击的对象，即人或动物等。Shoot意为“打中、打死、枪决”。而在shoot at sb./sth.中，shoot为不及物动词,at表示动作的方向或目标，打中与否不得而知。试比较：e shoot the bear.他打中了那只熊。e shoot at the bear.他朝那只熊射击。6. finally at last, in the end.三者均有“最后、终于”的含义。finally常用于动词之前，表示人们长期以来期待的某事最后实现了，也可指一系列事物或论点的顺序。例如：fter putting it off three times,we finally managed to have a holiday in Greece.经过三次延期之后,我们终于在希腊度了一次假。hey talked about it for hours.Finally,they decided not to go.他们谈论了几个小时，最后决定不去。at last 有时可与finally互换，但往往用于一番拖延或曲折之后，语气更强烈。例如：When at last they found him, he was almost dead.当人们最终找到他时，他已经奄奄一息了。James has passed his exams at last.詹姆斯终于通过了考试。in the end指经过许多变化、困难的捉摸不定的情况之后，某事才发生。例如：We made five different plans for our holiday, but in the end we had a summer camp again.我们制订了五种不同的度假方案，但最后我们还是选定了再来一次夏令营活动。7used to ;would; be used to (1)used to 表示“过去惯常”，但“现在不做了”，指过去的习惯或状态，to 为不定式符号，后跟动词原形。有两点须注意：否定式。used to do sth.的否定式有两种形式：used not (usednt)to do sth.didnt use to do sth.例如：He didnt use to (usednt to)like country music,but now he is getting interested.疑问式。used to do sth.的疑问式也有两种形式。其简短回答中的to通常不予省略，但动词原形常被省略。Did + sb.(主语)+ use to do sth.?Used + sb.(主语)+ to do sth.?Did he use to play basketball?Used he to play basketball?(2)would(可以)是will的过去式，也可表示习惯动作。would用于过去将来时。过去将来时的基本形式是：would+动词原形，在英国英语中，主语是第一人称时，would可换做should，第二、三人称用would。Ithought I would make lots of new friends.我曾认为我会交上许多新朋友。would表示过去习惯的动作。“would + 动词原形”表示过去的习惯动作，与used to 同义，但与used to 有别。Used to do表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，同时隐含有“现在已经有所改变”的意思，而“would+do sth.” 可以用来表示“过去经常发生”，但不表示“过去存在的状态”。She used to say“No pains,no gains”。她过去常说：“不劳而获”。（used to可以换为would）I used to live in the countryside.我过去住在农村。（此句的used to不可用would换用）（3）be used to具有双重含义：be used to是use sth.to do sth的被动形式，意为“被用来干某事”，to为不定式符号。例如:Rice may be used to make wine.be used to表示“习惯于，”be可以换为get或become,表示“开始、变得习惯于”，to 为介词，其后接名词、代词或动词作宾语。例如：Im used to English food.8.pattern;model;examplepattern“型、式样、图样”可指供模仿的某物原型或精心设计出的图样或模型，也可指榜样。如：Can you use the sentence pattern?他会用这个句型吗？She is a pattern for us.她是我们学习的典范。model“模型、模范”，指供模仿或值得信效的人或物。如：Have you seen his model ship?你看见过他的船模吗？example “例子、榜样”,主要指人及其行为和活动被他人信效。如：Example is better than precept.身教重于言教。9Recently;lately两者均可表示“近来、最近”，但用法不同。recently 是书面语，常被quite,just,but, very,only等词所修饰，以加强语气。主要用于肯定句中。如:Hes only recently begun billogy. 他只是最近才开始学生物。I didnt know it until quite recently.我一直到最近才知道。Lately常用于口语，指与现在有联系的一段时间，常见于否定句或疑问句中。如：I havent seen him lately.我近来没有看到他。10reply;answerreply和answer均可解作“回答、答道”，但用法有别。reply用做不及物动词时，可用reply to sb./sth.;作及物动词后跟直接引语或宾语从句，但不能直接跟人或物作宾语。如：Please reply to my question.请回答我的问题。He replied that he knew the news.他回答说他知道这消息。answer 用作及物动词，可直接跟名词或代词作宾语，而reply应加to才可接名词或代词。如：He answered the examination paper quite well.他考卷答得很好。fail to reply to a question/letter未能回答问题/回信11.because;because of二者均表示“因为”，区别是：because是从属连词引导原因状语从句；而because of是一个合成介词，其后接名词、代词、动名词或what从句组成介词短语。如:I went back not because of the rain,but because I was tired.我回去不是因为下雨，而是因为我累了。Her face turned red because of what he said.他的话使她脸红了。12.suggest+宾语从句suggest 在此意为“建议”，后面的宾语从句的谓语用了虚拟语气，其结构是：should do或do,否定形式为：should not do或not do.如：I suggested that LiMing (should)be sent to the south.我建议把李明派往南方。I suggested that he (should)not do it today.我建议他今天先不要做。suggest只有作“建议”解时，后面才可以跟“should(not)+动词原形”的形式，当suggest作“表明”解时不可以用此结构。如：His smile suggested that he was quite satisfied with our work.他的微笑表示他对我们的工作很满意。同时，即使是suggest作“建议”解，在现代英语中，谓语也可以用其他形式。I suggest that you dont ask him home for the vacation.我建议你假期不要邀他回家去。（句中用dont ask,而没有用should not ask或not ask）I suggest that Robert might go to Beijing and have a talk with Mr Wu.我建议罗伯特去北京同吴先生谈一谈。（句中用might go而没有用should go 或go）13.like 用法小结（1）like 用做动词（及物）通常表示一般的“喜欢”，为口语用词，词意没有love感情强烈，反义词为hate。like + n.(pron.)Does Li Ming like bananas？李明喜欢吃香蕉吗？Do you like it?你喜欢它吗？like + v.-ing(动名词)Do you like working in China?你喜欢在中国工作吗？like + to + v.(不定式)I like to keep busy.我喜欢生活得紧张。would like(=would love)后接名词、代词或不定式，多用于有礼貌地提出要求，意为“想要、愿意”。Would you like something to drink?你想喝点什么吗？Id like two sweaters for my daughter.我要给我女儿买两件运动衫。Would you like to come?你愿意来吗？How do you like.?(=What do you think of.?)此句型用于询问对方对某人（物）的看法，意为“你觉得 怎么样？”How do you like China?你觉得中国怎么样？ (2)like 用做介词，意为“像一样”，反义词为unlike。like 后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。Dont throw it like that .别那样扔它。Theyre round,like the moon.它们是圆的，像月亮一样。Walking on the moon is just like flying .在月球上行走就像飞一样。look like意为“看起来像一样”。It looks like a chicken.它看起来像一只鸡。feel like+v-ing意为“想”。I had a little,but I dont feel like eating.我吃了一点，可我不想吃。Whats the weather like.?(=Hows the weather like.?)此句型用来询问天气情况，意为“天气怎么样？”。Whats the weather like in Australia now?现在澳大利亚天气情况怎么样？II 句型1.As a child.:As/When he was a child，小的时候，该句型中的as为连词，意为“在的时候”，引导时间状语从句。当从句与主句主语一致，且从句谓语为be时，可将从句主语及be省略。Even as(he was)a student,Professor Smith showed great interest in maths.甚至上学的时候，史密斯教授对数学就很感兴趣。As(he was)a boy,he liked playing table tennis with the grown-ups.小时候，他就喜欢和大人们打乒乓球。2.do all sb.can to do sth.:do what sb.can to do sth.尽某人的所能做某事all 后面为that 所引导的定语从句，that在从句中作宾语已被省略；can后面为避免重复省略了do;后面的to do sth.为不定式（短语）作目的状语。all(that)sb.can(do)相当于宾语从句what sb.can(do)。Ill do all I can to help you.我将尽力帮助你。He did all he could to improve his spoken English.他尽了最大努力来提高英语口语水平。3.no more than:only仅仅；只有。具有感情色彩，强调“少”。与no less than 相对。Not more than:less than;at most不到；至多。说明客观事实。与not less than相对。He has no more than 20 yuan.他只有20元钱。（强调钱“少”）He has not more than 20 yuan.他有不到20元钱。（说明客观事实）No less than 50 people attended the meeting.参加会议的人不少于50多个。（强调“多”）Not less than 50 people attended the meeting.参加会议的有50多人。（说明客观事实）注意：no用于比较级之前总含有感情色彩；not用来否定比较级则只说明客观事实。you are no taller than I.你并不比我高。（我们两人都矮）you are not taller than I.你不如我高。This question is no more diffcult than that one.这个问题并水比那个（容易的）问题难。This question is not more diffcult than that one.这个问题不如那个问题难。4.In 1860,Abraham Lincoln was elected president.1860年林肯被选为总统。president/chairman/head/captain/director/mornitor等表示头衔、职位的名词，在用作同位语、补语或表语时，前面通常不加冠词。5.suggest vt.建议；提议。有三种常用句式（但不能说suggest sb.to do sth.）。（1）suggest sth.Who suggested the plan?谁提出的这项计划？She suggested Shanghai for their meeting.他提议在上海会面。（2）suggest doing sth.（不能接不定式）He suggested going for a swim in the river after lunch.他提议午饭后去河里游泳。I suggest talking with him as soon as possible.我建议尽快和他谈。（3）suggest than此时的宾语从句通常用虚拟语气，即谓语用“should+原形”，should可以省略。I suggested (that)Jane(should)start at once.我建议简马上出发。I suggested Jack not wear the sweater.我建议杰克不要穿背心。We suggested he be punished.我们提议惩罚他。注意：suggest当“表明;暗示”讲时后面的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。The smile on her face suggested she was very happy.脸上的微笑说明她很高兴。His silence suggested that he didnt agree with us.沉默不语表明他不同意我们的意见。6.向别人提建议时常用的句型。Why dont you do sth.？你怎不？Why not do sth.？（上句的省略）为什么不？Youd better do sth.你最好是。例如：Why dont you ask them to help you?你怎么不叫他们帮助你呢？Why not/dont you go for a walk with them?为什么不和他们一块去散步呢？Youd better go to see a doctor this afternoon.你最好下午去看医生。7.What do you think I should do?你认为我该怎么办？其中的do you think看作插入语，相当于what should I do,do you think?I think Tom is the best student in our class.我认为汤姆是我们班最好的学生。划线Tom 提问则得：Who do you think is the best student in our class?你认为谁是我们最好的学生？（不能说：Do you think who is the best student in our class?）What do you think is going to happen next?你认为下一步要发生什么事。Which way do you think is better?你认为哪个方法较好呢？三、经典名题导解题1（上海 2000）Excuse me,may I ask you some questions?Sorry.Im too busy and havent even a minute to_.A.spend B.spare C.share D.stop分析：B。spare为“抽出时间”的意思，其他词意均不符合本题。题2（NMET 1993）Charles Babbage is generally considered_ the first computer.A.to invent B.inventing C.to have invented D.having invented分析：C。is considered to(=is thought to.)被认为，句中的consider不作“考虑”讲，所以排除B，D两选项。Invent的动作发生在过去，即is considered之前，所以应用完成时。题3（NMET 2000）It was an exciting moment for these tooball fans this year,_for th