对初中英语非谓语动词的全面总结.doc

中考复习之-非谓语动词非谓语动词有带to不定式，省to不定式，动词ing形式（动名词或叫现在分词），动词的过去分词。一后面可跟动词的ing形式的情况（一），动词：1.enjoy doing喜欢做 2.practice doing练习做 3.finish doing做完某事 4.mind sbs doing介意某人做5.consider doing考虑做 6.continue doing继续做7.keep sb doing让某人一直做 8.miss doing错过做9.avoid doing避免做 10.spend(in)doing 花费时间或金钱做某事11.feel like doing想要做 12.give up doing放弃做13.suggest doing建议做 14.advise doing建议做、15、keep sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事16、hear/ see/ watch/ notice/ find sb doing sth 按顺序的翻译为：听见、看见、注视、注意到、发现某人正在做某事（此处的ing形式为现在分词作宾补）（二），介词后(on, in, of, about, at, with, without, for, from, up, by等)如接动词一律为ing 形式，为介词宾语，简称介宾。如：be good at doing sth.；thank you for doing sth.；give up doing sth.；stop sb. from doing sth.；do well in doing sth.；be afraid of doing sth.；be interested in doing sth.；be proud of；instead of；be fond of（三），to作介词的情况look forward to doing sth期望做某事； prefer doing sth. to doing sth与相比较更喜欢； pay attention to doing注意做某事； be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事；make a contribution to为做贡献（四），固定短语句型： feel like doing sth.喜欢做某事；1.be busy doing忙着做某事 2.be worth doing值得做3.cant help doing忍不住做 4.cant stand doing不能忍受做某事 5.have trouble doing sth伴随状语have problems/difficulties doing做某事有问题/麻烦/困难6.有某人/某物正在做某事There be sb/sth doing sth 7.当发生某事时when/while+doing8.have fun doing做某事过得开心 10.what/how about doing sth?做某事怎么样？11.No+动名词表示禁令No smoking禁止吸烟 No parking禁止停车12.go+动名词去进行某种活动或运动go shopping,去购物；go skating,去滑冰；go hiking去远足13.do some/the+动名词，指进行某种活动 do some cleaning,搞卫生；do some washing 洗衣服；二、关于动词不定式（to+动词）（一）记住下列形式：（仅限于初中范畴）1.want to do想要 2.would like to do想要做3.hope to do希望做 4.wish to do希望做 5.decide to do决定做 6.plan do计划做7.refuse to do拒绝做 8.failto do做某事失败 9.manage to do设法做 10.agree to do同意做 11.learn to do学会做 12 happen to do偶然发生13.need to do需要做 14.pretend to do假装做 15.offer to do提供做 16.promise to do允许做 17.attempt to do企图做 18.be sure to do确定做19.seem to do似乎要发生 20.expect to do期待做21.trydo ones best to do尽力做 22.cantwait to do 迫不及待做23.cant afford to do 负担不起做 24.allow sb to do允许某人做 25.advise sb to do建议某人做 26。encourage sb to do鼓励某人做（二）句型：Its + adj.+(for sb.) to do sth. 做某事（对某人来说）怎么样Its +adj. +(of sb.) to do sth.It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事（常考）Its best for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是最好的Its time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时候了too(for sb.) to 太以致不能 =not enough to do prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿而不愿（常考）something to eat/drink 一些吃/喝的东西（词不定式放在something等后修饰这些Sth. is hard/difficult/easy to do 做好某事很难/容易take turns to do sth. 轮流做There is no time (for sb. ) to do sth. 对（某人来说）没时间做某事了There is no need (for sb.) to do sth. 对某人来说没必要做某事try/do ones best to do sth. 尽力去做某事sbs dream is to do sth. 某人的梦想是干什么。（三）疑问词+动词不定式，在英语句法中叫做疑问词短语，它可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语。常用到的疑问词短语举例有：What to do 做什么,when to go 什么时候走, where to go 去哪里，how to do it 如何来做此事，三、后跟不带to的不定式（动词原形）的情况。（一）（使役动词）1.make sb do 使某人做 2.let sb.do让某人做3.have sb do使某人做 4.help sb do to do帮助某人做（二）.助动词或情态动词后：do, did, does, will, shall, would, should, can, may, must等后面接不带to的动词不定式。（三）.某些固定句型中1）Will（Would）you please（not）？请（不要）做某事好吗？2）had better最好做某事3）Why not？为何不做某事 4) would rather(not).宁可(不)；宁愿(不)此句型也可以扩展成：would rather.than.=would.rather than.。5）在祈使语气(或口语)中。四；特殊情况（一）有些动词既可以接动词不定式也可以接动名词，但意义不同，学生应该注意区分使用。1.stop to do停下来去做.(做什么事) 2.stop doing停止做（停止做）3.forget to do忘记做（还没做）4. forget doing忘记做过（做过了）5.remember to do记住去做 6. remember doing记住做过了7.try to do试图努力做 8.try doing实验做9.go on doing继续做同一件事 10.go on to do继续做另一件事11.like/hate to do喜欢/讨厌做 （表具体，一次性的动作）12.like/hatedoing喜欢/讨厌做 （习惯经常性）（二）.感官动词接非谓语动词形式.接动词ing，表示此动作正在发生.接省to不定式表示此动作经常发生或发生过了1. see sb doing 看见某人正在做 see sb do看见某人经常做2. hear sb doing听见某人正在做 hear sb do经常听见某人做3. find sb doing发现某人正在做 find sb do发现某人做了/正在做（3） 、动词的特殊用法1、advise建议、建议做某事为advise doing sth、建议某人做某事为advise sb to do sth2、allow允许、允许做某事为 allow doing sth 、允许某人做某事 allow sb to do sth、be allowed to do被允许做3。1、have有，使have sth to do有某事做have sb do sth使某人做某事have sth done使某事被做，又译为“让某人来做某事”，相当于ask someone to do sth 这里的someone 不具体指出是何人。4、need需要，必须(既可以做实义动词，也可做情态动词)sb need to do某人（做主语）需要做某事sth need doing某事（做主语）需要被做被做如：He needs to buy a pen。The bike needs repairing含被动之意，相当于 The bike needs to be repaired。You neednt(不必)come。这里nee