新人教版八年级上unit12知识总结与练习.doc

个性化辅导讲义学生：陈宇翔 科目：英语 第 1 阶段第 1 次课 教师：张琳 时间：2014年 7 月 7 日 8-10 时段课题Review Unit1 -unit 2 (八上)教学目标1. Master the new words, phrases and sentences of unit1-unit 22. Master the simple past tense .重点、难点Simple past tense , indefinite pronouns 考点及考试要求1. Use the key words, phrases and sentences correctly .2. Use the simple past tense and indefinite pronouns correctly.教学内容Key points 一Key phrases of unit 1 Section A1.呆在家_ 2.去夏令营_3.去度假_ 4.和某人一起去_5.买一些特别的东西_ 6.遇见有趣的人_7.去有趣的地方_ 8.为考试而学习_9.好久不见_ 10.拍许多照片_11.玩得开心（3种）_ 12写日记_13.看起来是无聊的_ 14.再见_15为自己买一些东西_Section B 1.到达（三种）_ 2. 决定去做某事 _3.尝试去做某事_ 4.努力去做某事_5.感觉像_ 6.在过去_7.喜欢走路_ 8.开始下雨_9.太多人_ 10.尝起来不错_11.由于坏天气_ 12.另外两个小时_ 13.山顶_ 14.找出，查明_ 15.如此以至于_ 16.保持做某事_ 17出来_ Key phrases of unit 21.去看电影_ 2.使用英特网_3.在某方面帮助某人_ 4. 很忙 （full）_ 忙于做某事(busy_)5.多久一次_ 6。上钢琴课_7.一周一次_ 8.一周两次_ 9.一周三次_ 10.几乎不_11.熬夜_ 12.多少小时_13.有利于_擅长_ 与某人相处的好_ 14在他们的业余时间_ 15.问某人关于某事_16.一点也不_ 17.上网_18.对感到惊讶_ 19.至少_20.问题的答案_ 21.通过使用英特网_22例如，像_ 23. 与某人一起度过一段时间_24.一个十六岁的中学生_ 25.像一样_26.害怕去做某事_ 27.超过两个小时_二Key points 1.不定代词和不定副词构成：由some, any, no, every分别加上-body, -thing, -one构成的不定代词叫做合成不定代词；加上-where构成副词。some-不定代词，通常用于肯定句中；any-不定代词则多用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中。但some-可用于表请求、邀请、预料对方会作肯定回答时的疑问句中。Someone called on her last week. There isnt anyone else there.Is anybody over there? Could you give me something to eat?形容词修饰不定代词时，通常要放在不定代词之后。There is something wrong with your eyes.Exercises用不定代词或不定副词填空：1. I cant hear anything = I can hear _.2. There is _ on the floor. Please pick it up.3. Did _ go to play basketball with you ?4. I phoned you last night, but _ answered it.5. I dont think _ telephoned.6. Why dont you ask _ to help you ?7. If you want _ , please let me know.8. Shall we get _ to drink ?9. Dont worry. Theres _ wrong with your ears.10. Theres _ in the box. Its empty.2. sometimes 有时辨析：sometimes ，some times ，sometime ， some time sometimes 有时候。=at times也是“有时”的意思。some times 几次。time作可数名词时可作“次数”解；表示“时间”时是不可数名词。sometime 某个时候。可指过去或将来的某个时候。some time 一段时间。常与for连用。对它提问用how long 。 口诀记忆：分开“一段时间” ；相聚“某个时候”。 Eg：Sometimes I get up very late. 有时我起床很晚。 I will go to shanghai sometime next week. 下周某个时候我要去上海。 He reads the story some times. 他读这个故事几遍了。 Ill stay here for some time. 我将会在这儿呆一段时间。Exercises We plan to stay in Hainan for . 我们打算在海南呆一段时间。 I am sure that we have met before. 我肯定我们之前见过几次了。 I have letters from him. 有时我会收到他的来信。3.I go to the movies maybe once a month. 我大概每月去看一次电影。 go to the movies _ maybe 意为“也许，大概，可能”，常位于句首。 Eg：Maybe he knows Tom. 也许他认识Tom。辨析：maybe 和may be maybe “也许，大概，可能”。（一般放句首）Maybe you are right. 也许你是对的。may be “可能是，也许是”。 为“情态动词+be动词”结构。（位于句中）You may be right. 你也许是对的。 Lily an English teacher. Lily可能是一名英语老师。 =_ 4. seem + 形容词 看起来. You seem happy today.seem + to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事 I seem to have a cold It seems / seemed + 从句 看起来好像；似乎. It seems that no one believe you. seem like .好像，似乎. It seems like a god idea. 5、too many 太多，后接可数名词复数： Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.too much 太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。 much too 太，修饰形容词或副词。 Youre walking much too fast.分辨三者的口诀： too much, much too, 用法区别看后头： much 后接不可数， too 后修饰形或副。too many 要记住，后面名词必复数。6. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方 到达某地 get to reach 7. decide to do sth. 决定做某事8. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 / try to do sth. 尽力做某事9. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事10.反身代词的用法 myself / youself (yourselves) / herself / himself / itself / ourselves / themselves enjoy oneself help oneself 11.bored 与 boring excited 与exciting relaxed 与relaxing12.feel like +doing 13.becauce of 与because14.have fun doing 15.hear sb do / doing 16.keep+doing 17.so that 18Why not = why dont you 19.It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows. 句中it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。此句型结构为：Its+adj+（for sb.）+to do sth. 意为 “（对某人来说）做某事是的”。 Eg：Its very important to listen carefully in class. Its easy for us to swim. Its very hard for him to study English. _ -I often have hamburgers for unch. -Youd better not. Its bad for you too much junk food. A.eat B.to eat C.eating D. ate20. Exercise such as playing sports is fun，and you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together. such as 意为“比如，例如” Eg: I have a lot of hobbies, such as reading and singing. spend 意为“度过” 或“花费（时间、金钱）”。 Eg: Come and spend the weekend with us. 来和我们一起度过周末吧重点：1. spend timemoney on sth. 在.上花费时间或金钱 He didnt spend much time on his homework. 他没在作业方面花很多时间。 I spend 200 yuan on a new coat. _ 2. spend timemoney （in） doing sth. 花费时间或金钱做某事 He always spend his time playing football. _Eg: I enjoy playing computer games,but I cant too much time that. A.take, doing B.spend, doing C.spend, for doing D.take, to do21.She says she is afraid. 她说她害怕。1.be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事Eg：I am afraid to travel by plane. 我害怕乘飞机旅行。2.be afraid of sb. sth. 害怕某人某物 be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事 Eg：She is afraid of the dog. 她害怕那只狗。 Dont be afraid of asking questions. 不要怕问问题。 be afraid to do sth.= 害怕做某事Exercises 一、单项选择 1. She is new here, so she has _friends at school. A, much B. few C. little D. A little 2. The cakes _ good. Can I have some more? A. sound B. taste C. feel D. smell 3. 一Where were you last Saturday? 一I _ _in the Capital Museum A. am B. will be C. was D. have been 4. 一What else do you need for your trip? 一_else. Ive packed everything. A. Something B. Everything C. Nothing D. anything5. 一Help _to some fruits. 一Thank you. A. yourself B. your C.you D.yours6. 一I am going to London for a holiday next month. 一_!A.Have a good time B. Its terrible C. Good job D. What a pity 7. 一Excuse me. Could I get into the morn to get my book back ? 一_, but no one except the head master is allowed to enter it from yesterday on. A. Of course, go ahead B. All right C. Im sorry D. Never mind 8. Youd better not read todays newspaper because there is _ in it. A. nothing special B. anything new C. everything important D. Something interesting 9. 一What do you think of the 3D film Titanic last night? 一It was _ . I enjoyed it a lot. A. boring B. wonderful C. strange D. terrible 10. 一How do you like your new job, Sam? 一It s so _. I dont like it at all. A. boring B. bored C. exciting D. Relaxing11. Eds parents want him _ lots of healthy food every day. A. eat B. eatingC. eatsD. to eat12.What can Bill and Cindy do?Bill can play _ soccer and Cindy can play _ piano. A. the, the B. /, / C. the, / D. /, the13. My little sister is trying _ an elephant there. A. draw B. to draw C. to drawing D. draws14. “ Dont be nervous! I will _.”A. help B. give you a hand C. like you D. miss you15.-“Best wish to you.” -“_”A. I hope so B. I like it C. the same to you D. you are welcome16. He did not write _,though(尽管)he had _.A. careful enough; enough time B. carefully enough;enough time C. enough careful;enough time D.enough carefully; time enough 17. Everyone in my class _the poor boy without parents. A. want to help B. want helping C. wants to help D. wants helping 18. At first she _ like maths, but now she _.A. didnt;did B. doesnt;does C. doesnt;did D. didnt;does 19. 一 _Nancy at home last weekend? 一No, she _. She was in the library with her friends. A.Is; isnt B. Was;wasnt C. Did;didnt D. Was;isnt 20. What did the foreigners _their vacation ? A. think of B. think at C. think over D. think of as 二，完型填空Ten-year-old Johnny was one of the laziest boys in his class. His homework was always 1 and it was usually wrong. He only did half the number of math problems 2 the other children did and in his compositions he _3_ half the number of words. And usually the words were 4_ spelled because he was too lazy to use a 5 One day his class went on a bus trip. The _6_ did not want to take Johnny with them. But there was no one to look after Johnny at the school so she had to take 7 .Now, children, the teacher said, On our bus trip we will_8_ old buildings, some beautiful countryside, and many other things. I want you to write about _9_ interesting you see on the trip. The bus trip 10 . The children looked out of the windows at all the interesting things.They took notes _11_ their notebooks. The teacher was very_12_ with them. Then she saw Johnny 13 on the floor of the bus and went up to him. Are you 14 ? she asked him. No. he said. Then 15 are you lying on the floor? If I cant see anything, he said, I cant write about it, can I?( ) 1. A. lateB. earlyC. goodD. fine( ) 2. A. thatB. who C. what D. whom|( ) 3. A. learnedB. madeC. wrote D. read( ) 4. A. badlyB. well C. correctly D. nicely( ) 5. A. radioB. pen C. library D. dictionary( ) 6. A. driverB. mother C. father D. teacher( ) 7 . A. himB. himself C. his D. he( ) 8. A. hearB. listen to C. see D. feel( ) 9. A. nothingB. somethingC. nobody D. everybody( ) 10. A. ended B. began C. finished D. closed( ) 11. A. overB. by C. in D. at( ) 12. A. angryB. pleased C. sad D. careful( ) 13. A. standing B. sitting C. eating D. lying( ) 14 . A. busyB. sick C. happy D. glad( ) 15. A. whereB. what C. how D. why三、 阅读理解 AEveryone knows that exercise is important. We all need to exercise. Doctors say it is good for us. It makes your heart and body strong. Children who often exercise are more alert（灵活）. That means they do better in tests and schoolwork than those who dont exercise. They are many ways to exercise. You can walk, run, swim, skate, or play ball games. Make sure you exercise in the following ways: You have to like what you are doing. Exercise enough- but not too much. Its best to exercise twice a week. Thirty minutes each time is enough. Try all kinds of sports until you find one, two or even three sports that feel right for you. You can exercise at fitness centers. They have a lot of equipment（设备）there. The equipment will help exercise your arms, legs and other parts of your body to make you healthy. Some people buy equipment for their homes. But its very expensive. ( )1. the underline word “fitness centers” in the passage means _. A. 商务中心 B. 健身中心 C. 医疗中心 D. 购物中心 ( )2. The sport “_” is not told in the passage. A. playing soccer B. skateboarding C. walking D. running ( )3. The doctors say that exercise can make your heart and body _. A. ill B. happy C. strong D. health ( )4. About “exercise”, which statement of the following is NOT right? A. Thirty minutes exercise each time is enough. B. You have to exercise too much every day. C. You neednt do all kinds of sports to keep healthy. D. You have to like the sports that you are doing. ( )5. Its best to exercise _. A. at fitness centers B. in groups C. in the morning D. twice a week B Weve talked about snails (蜗牛) and their slow move. But much of the time snails dont move at all. Theyre in their shells -sleeping .Hot sun will dry out a snails body. So at the least sign of hot sun, a snail draws its body into its shell and closes the opening with a thin cover. Then it goes to sleep. A snail will die in a heavy rain. So whenever it rains, it goes inside its shell house and goes to sleep. A snail can sleep for as long as it needs to. It can take a short sleep. Or it can sleep for days at a time. And it spends all the winter months in its shell, asleep. In spring the snail wakes up. Its body, about three inches long, comes out of from the shell. When hungry, the snail looks for food. It cant see very well. Its eyes, at the ends of the top feelers are very weak. But its sense of smell is very strong. It helps the snail to the new greens. Then the snails little mouth goes to work. A snails mouth is no longer than the point of a pin(针). Yet it has 256,000 teeth! The teeth are so small that you cant see them. But they do their work. If you put a snail in a hard paper box, it will eat its way out. And if a snail wears out its teeth, it will grow new ones.Mostly, a snail looks for food at night .But on cloudy days it eats in the daytime. It eats all day long. A snail can go on eating for hours and never feel full.1. A snail_.A. moves more slowly in the daytime B. has thousands of feet C. doesnt move at all D. sleeps much of the time 2. In the sentence “A snail draws its body into its shell” the word “draw” means_.A. to make with a pen B. to keep away from C. to pull D. to move to end 3. From the story we know_. A. the snails shell is very thin B. a snail cant see well C. the snails nose is quite short D. the snails body changes in different seasons4. A snail goes to sleep when_.A. it feels hungry B. it is put in a paper box C. spring is coming D. it rains heavily 5. Which of the following in not true?A. A snail doesnt like living under the sun. B. In winter the snail doesnt eat or move. C. The snails teeth cant be worn out.D. The snails strong sense of smell helps to find things far away.四词汇运用 hand give quick good by say easy one healthy weEarlyrising is helpful in more than one way. 1 , it helps us to have good 2 .We all need fresh air . It makes our health better to take morning exercise. But air is never so fresh as early in the morning . Early rising helps 3 in our studies . In the morning we learn 4 and find it 5 to learn something 6 heart. . Early rising makes people able to plan the work for the day . We can not work 7 without a good plan .Just as ,“The plan for a year should be made in the spring , the plan for a day should be made in the morning . ” Early rising 8 us enough time to get ready for our work , such as to wash our 9 and eat our breakfast .So the popular 10 says, “Early to bed and early to rise makes man healthy , wealthy and wise .”五、单词拼写1. We all had fun p _ basketball last Friday.2. The more carefully you work, the f _ mistakes you will make.3、 I cant d_ which pair of shoes to buy. They both loo