高考英语大一轮复习unit1greatscientists课件新人教版必修5

必修五,第一部分,Unit 1 Great scientists,主 干 知 识,. 单词分类巧记 A阅读词汇认一认 1characteristic n _ 2physician n _ 3infect vt. _ 4investigate vt. & vi. _ 5revolutionary adj. _,特征；特性 医生；内科医师 传染；感染 调查 革命的；重大变革的,B高频词汇写一写 1 _ vt. 吸收；吸引；使专心 2 _ vt. 照顾；护理；出席；参加 3 _ vt. 拒绝；不接受；抛弃 4 _ adj. 严重的；剧烈的；严厉的 5 _ adj. 积极的；肯定的；确实的 6 _ n柄；把手 vt. 处理；操纵 7 _ vt. 责备；谴责 n过失；责备 8 _ vt. 打败；战胜；使受挫 n失败 9 _ vt. 认为；怀疑 n被怀疑者；嫌疑犯 10 _ vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光,absorb attend reject severe positive handle blame defeat suspect expose,C核心词汇链一链 1 _ n科学 _ adj. 科学的 _ n科学家 2 _ vt. & vi. 结束；推断出 _ n结论；结束 3 _ n热情；热心 _ adj. 热情的；热心的 4 _ n小心，谨慎；警告 _ adj. 小心的；谨慎的 5 _ vt. & vi. 捐献；贡献；捐助 _ n捐献；贡献 6 _ n挑战 vt. 向挑战 _ adj. 具有挑战性的,science,scientific,scientist,conclude,conclusion,enthusiasm,enthusiastic,caution,cautious,contribute,contribution,challenge,challenging,7 _ vt. 污染；弄脏 _ n污染 _ adj. 受污染的 8 _ vt. 宣布；宣告 _ n广播员；宣告者 _ n宣布；宣告 9 _ vt. 命令；指示；教导 _ n说明；传授 _ n指导者；教员；指导书 10 _ vt. 建设；修建 _ n建设；建筑物 _ n建设者；设计者；运营商,pollute,pollution,polluted,announce,announcer,announcement,instruct,instruction,instructor,construct,construction,constructer,D写作词汇用一用 1I want to be a _ to discover a _ breakthrough to save peoples lives. (science) 2It is important to follow _ from your _ when youre skiing on the slopes. (instruct) 3The _ dressed in official clothes _ the _ from the government yesterday. (announce),scientist,scientific,instructions,instructor,announcer,announced,announcement,4The workers are _ the bridge damaged by the flood, and the bridge under _ connects the road with the town. (construct) 5The first lady Peng Liyuan has _ a lot of money to the school and she has made a great _ to education. (contribute),constructing,construction,contributed,contribution,. 短语语境速记 A常考短语默写 1 _ 调查 2 _ 提出 3 _ 对严格 4 _ 应受谴责/责备 5 _ 讲得通；有意义,look into put forward be strict with. . . be to blame make sense,6 _ 除之外；此外 7 _ 得出结论 8 _ 导致；通向 9 _ 使显露；暴露 10 _ 将和联系或连接起来,apart from draw a conclusion lead to expose. . . to link. . . to. . .,B短语语境填空 1Eating too much fat can _ heart disease and cause high blood pressure. 2We must _ our students while we should give them love and care as well. 3I wrote a letter of complaint, and the manager has promised to _ the matter. 4The spokesman said that the poor safety standards _ for last Sundays accident.,lead to,be strict with,look into,were to blame,5Though David talked about the origins of the universe，I didnt think what he said _. 6We cant _ without having a wide investigation into this matter. 7Everyone is supposed to _ some suggestions on how to improve our environment at the meeting. 8 _ English class, I took an active part in English Corner and other afterclass English activities，which benefit me a lot.,made sense,draw a conclusion,put forward,Apart from,. 词语高效积累 1“照看/照顾某人”的多种表达 attend (to/on/upon) sb. care for sb. take care of sb. look after sb. 2表示“观点；态度”的高频形容词荟萃 positive 积极的 subjective 主观的 neutral 中立的 objective 客观的 negative 消极的 critical 批评的 doubtful 怀疑的 approving 满意的,3单复数意义不同的常见名词 instruction命令；传授/instructions用法说明书；操作指南 brain脑力，智慧/brains脑髓 custom风俗/customs海关 good善行，利益/goods货物 pain痛苦/pains辛苦，努力 time时间/times时代,4动词n. to expose. . . to 使显露；暴露 add. . . to 增添；增加 compare. . . to. . . 把比作 devote. . . to 把奉献于 supply. . . to 供应给 link. . . to. . . 将和联系/连接起来,. 佳句填空完形 1So many thousands of _ (terrify)people died every time there was _ outbreak. 每次爆发霍乱时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。 2It seemed that the water _. 看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮用水了。 3Only _ you put the sun there _ the movements of other planets in the sky _. 只有当你把太阳放在中心的位置上，天空中其他行星的位置才说得清。,terrified,an,was to blame,if,did,make sense,4He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets _ (go)round it and only the moon still going round _ earth. 他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。 5Many retired people can still _ society with _ rich experience. 许多退休的老人还能用他们丰富的经验为社会作贡献。,going,the,contribute to,their,. 语法过关演练 过去分词作定语和表语 1Children above 16 are encouraged to take part in these activities specially _ (design) for them. 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：16岁以上的孩子应参加一些专门为他们设计的活动。activities与design之间为被动关系，因此用designed作后置定语。,designed,2The jobless rate remains _ (stick) at 9. 6 percent, and the president says more work is needed. 解析：考查过去分词作表语。句意为：失业率仍然停留在9. 6%，总统表示，还需要更多的努力。此处为过去分词作表语，remain为系动词。注意stuck已经形容词化，表示“卡住的，无法移动的，动不了的”。 3Ang Lees new film Life of Pi is based on a fantasy adventure novel by Yann Martel _ (publish) in 2001. 解析：考查非谓语动词。题干中的a fantasy adventure novel与publish之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词published作后置定语表示完成和被动之意，相当于定语从句that/which was published。,stuck,published,4A special dance _ (call) horse dance becomes so hot that many famous people cant help copying that. 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：一种被叫做骑马舞的特殊舞蹈变得如此流行，以至于许多名人都情不自禁地去模仿它。call与A special dance之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用call的过去分词形式，另外“ _ horse dance”可以转化为定语从句“which/that is called horse dance”。 5The county, _ (locate) in the north of Shanxi, has a history of more than 1,400 years. 解析：本题考查过去分词作定语。此处应用过去分词短语作定语，修饰The county。,called,located,考 点 探 究,1attend vt. 出席；参加；照顾；护理 归纳拓展 attend school/church/a lecture/a meeting/a wedding/a party上学/去教堂/听演讲/出席会议/出席婚礼/参加晚会 attend (to/on/upon) sb. 照顾/护理某人；接待某人 attend to sth. (see to sth. deal with sth. )处理某事,高 频 单 词,完成句子。 I am a student in China and I plan to go to Britain _ during the vacation. 我是一名中国学生，我打算在假期去英国参加一个暑期学习班。 She was praised for having _ her sick motherinlaw for over thirty years. 她伺候生病的婆婆三十多年，受到人们的称赞。 I cant go out with you tonight because I have an urgent thing _. 今晚我不能与你一起外出，因为我有一件急事要处理。,to attend a summer school,attended on/upon/to,to attend to,2expose vt. 揭露；暴露；使遭受；使曝光 归纳拓展 expose. . . to. . . 使暴露于/遭受 (be)exposed to. . . 暴露于；处于危险中 expose sth. to sb. 向某人揭发某事 expose sb. to sth. 使某人接触到某物 温馨提示 在expose. . . to. . . 和(be)exposed to结构中，to为介词，其后要用名词、代词或动名词。,介词填空/用所给词的适当形式填空 Nowadays we are often exposed _ all kinds of advertisements. 如今，我们经常接触各种各样的广告。 If _ (expose)to the outside surroundings，theyll be stronger and better prepared for their future. 如果暴露于外部的环境，他们将变得更加强壮并能为未来做好准备。 It is generally believed that _ (expose) to radiation is rather dangerous. 普遍认为暴露在辐射环境里会很危险。,to,exposed,being exposed,3absorb vt. 吸收(液体、气体等)；吸引(注意)；使专心 归纳拓展 absorb sth. 吸收(光、热等) absorb ones attention 吸引某人的注意力 absorb . . . into . . . 把吸入/并入 be absorbed in . . . 全神贯注于；专心致志于,巧学助记,(1)写出下列句中absorb的含义 When condors (神鹰) eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large quantities of lead. (2016北京) _ While watching TV, children do not merely absorb words and images (影像)(2015广东) _ The movement and noise of the machines absorbed him completely. _ Jump with your knees bent, so they absorb less impact. _,吸收,理解,吸引,缓冲,(2)单句语法填空 A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he was _ (absorb) in his reading. (2015福建) Charles CMann has produced a book that is attractively written and really _ (absorb) (3)翻译句子。 由于专注他的工作，他都没听见有人进来。 _ 她坐在椅子上专注地看书。 _,absorbed,absorbing,Absorbed in his work, he didnt hear people come in.,She sat on the chair, absorbed in her book.,4blame vt. 指责；责怪；归咎于 n责备；责任；过失 归纳拓展 (1)blame sb. for sth. 因某事而责备某人 blame sth. on sb. 把某事怪到某人头上 sb. be to blame(for. . . )某人应承担()责任；该(因)受责备 (2)put/lay the blame(for sth. )on sb. /sth. (把某事)归咎于某人/某事 take/bear the blame for承担(对坏事应负的)责任 温馨提示 表示某人该受责备时，常用主动形式be to blame表示被动意义。,单句语法填空。 She blamed her husband _ the failure of their marriage. She blamed the failure of their marriage _ her husband. 她把婚姻的失败归咎于她丈夫。 Dont always blame your own failure _ others. Sometimes you yourself are _ (blame) 不要总把失败归咎于他人，有时该怪你自己。 _ (blame) for the breakdown of the computer systems, he was in low spirits. 因电脑系统发生故障受到责备，他情绪低落。,for,on,on,to blame,Blamed,5defeat vt. 打败；战胜；使受挫 归纳拓展 辨析 defeat/beat/win,选词填空(defeat, beat, win)。 Having been _ twice this year, we wont give it up. No difficulty could _ this brave man since he is so confident and capable. Which team do you think will _ the game?,defeated,beat,win,6cure n治愈；疗法 vt. 治愈；治疗 归纳拓展 cure sb. of sth. 治好某人的(疾病/坏习惯等) a cure for sth. 治疗的方法,完成句子。 We found a new _ H7H9 virus and many patients were _ this severe disease. 我们发现了H7H9病毒的新疗法，许多病人都被治好了。,cure for,cured of,7link vt. 连接 n联系 归纳拓展 link . . . to . . . 把与连起来 类似表达方式：be related to, be connected with, be associated with,完成句子。 After the investigation, the police _. 经过调查，警方把这起事故与超速驾驶联系起来)。 What puzzles us most is that the two accidents _. 令我们最困惑的是这两起事故密切相关。 The police suspected that _ between the two murders. 警方怀疑这两起谋杀案可能有联系。,linked the accident to speed driving,are closely linked together,there may be a link,8contribute vt. & vi. 捐款；贡献；捐助；导致；投稿 归纳拓展 (1)contribute. . . to. . . 为捐献；投稿 contribute to有助于；促进；导致；对做贡献 (2)contribution n贡献，捐献 make a contribution/contributions to/towards. . . 为做贡献,单句语法填空。 If you want to contribute _ our newspaper，please send me your article before the deadline. (2015新课标全国卷书面表达) 如果你想给我们的报社投稿，请在截止日期之前把你的文章发给我。 I admire Edison a lot because of his great _ (contribute) to the world. 我因为爱迪生对世界的巨大贡献而非常钦佩他。,to,contributions,The number of foreign tourists to visit US is expected to be more than 3 million by 2017， _ (contribute) 16 billion dollars to the US economy. 到2017年，到美国参观的游客有望达到三百万，能给美国的经济贡献一百六十亿美元。 Everyone should make a contribution to _ (protect) the environment. 每个人都应当为保护环境做贡献。,contributing,protecting,1put forward提出(建议等)；推荐；将提前；将(钟表等)向前拨 归纳拓展 put aside节省；储蓄；储存；留出 put away放好；积蓄 put off延期；推迟 put on weight增重；发福 put out扑灭 put down写下；记下 put up举起；张贴；建立；提供食宿 put up with容忍；忍受,重 点 短 语,(1)写出下列句中put forward的含义 I tend to accept any idea put forward by experts on TV. _ You ought to put your watch forward by ten minutes. _ They have put forward the date of their wedding by one week. _ I think he is fit for the position；therefore, Ill put him forward as a candidate. _,提出,拨快,将提前,推荐,(2)用以上短语的适当形式填空。 The kitchen caught fire. Tom suggested that they should call firefighters to help _ the fire. However, his mother, who _ recently, said Toms plan may be _ ， because they could handle the problem by themselves. Therefore, they _ their fireprotection suits, _ the quilt and cover the fire. To their surprise, some firemen appeared at his house. A neighbor couldnt _ the heavy smoke and telephoned 119.,put out,had put on weight,put off,put on,put up,put up with,2make sense讲得通；有意义 归纳拓展 (1)make no sense没道理；没意义 make sense of理解；明白 (2)a sense of humor/duty/beauty/direction/responsibility/success幽默感/责任感/美感/方向感/责任感/成就感 common sense常识 in a/one sense在某种意义上；在一定程度上 There is no sense(point)in doing sth. 做某事无意义,完成句子。 This sentence just doesnt _ ， no matter how you read it. 无论你怎样读这个句子，它还是讲不通。 Planning so far ahead _so many things will have changed by next year. 提前这么久做计划没有意义到第二年许多事情都会发生变化。,make sense,makes no sense,Dogs _ and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake. 狗有很好的嗅觉，经常被用于搜寻地震中的幸存者。 As far as Im concerned, there is no sense _ upset about it now. 就我而言，现在为这事苦恼是没有意义的。,have a very good sense of smell,in getting,3be strict with对严格的 归纳拓展 be strict with sb. 对某人严格要求 be strict in sth. /in doing sth. 对(做)某事严格要求 类似表达方式： be angry with sb. 生某人的气 be angry at/about sth. 因某事而生气 be tired of厌恶；厌倦 be tired with/from因而疲倦 be good at擅长 be good for对有益 be late for迟到 be hard on sb. 对某人苛刻 be hard at work勤奋工作,在短文中的空格内填入适当的词。 Our monitor, Li Ming, healthy and lively, does well in all subjects. She is fond of sports and is _ at singing and dancing. When she first came to school, she had quite a lot of difficulties with the English language, so she worked _at it. She was active in class and did a lot of practice after class. With great efforts she has now made much progress in English study. Li Ming is strict with herself and _ her work and dail