中考英语语法总复习专题7形容词.doc

_新世纪教育培训辅导材料-中考英语语法专项复习7_形容词详解及专练_形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和补语形容词,是历年各省市中考必考知识点。从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。从命题意图看，侧重考查考生在具体语言环境中使用形容词的能力。中考试题对形容词的考查涉及形容词原级，比较级和最高级的各种句型、形容词作定语的位置、易混淆的形容词用法辨析等。其中，形容词比较等级句型、形容词修饰不定代词something，anything，everything，nothing时的位置，易混淆的形容词用法辨析等是考查的热点。7.1形容词的一般用法：1.作定语,放在名词前。例: a cold and windy day. 2.作表语,放在系动词.例:He looks happy today.3.形容词修饰something，等复合不定代词时，须放在其后。例:Would you like something hot to drink？4.表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。The river is about two hundred metres long.5.只能作表语的形容词：afraid害怕；alone独自的；asleep睡着的；awake醒着的；alive活着的；well健康的；ill病的；frightened害怕的 例：The man is ill.(正)The ill man is my uncle.(误)6.只能作定语的形容词：little小的；only唯一的；wooden木质的；woolen羊毛质的；elder年长的例如，My elder brother is in Beijing.(正)My brother is elder. (误)7.貌似副词的形容词：lonely独自的；friendly友好的；lively生动的；lovely可爱的8.复合形容词：snow-white雪白的 English-speaking说英语的；glass-topped玻璃罩的；full-time全日制的；well-known众所周知的；kind-hearted善良的man-made人造的；take-away可以带走的ten-year-old十岁的。7.2多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：限定词(冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、数词)描绘词(大小，长短，形状，新旧，长幼，颜色)出处材料性质类别名词 例：A dirty old black shirt一件又脏又旧的黑色衬衣7.3形容词常用句型：1.“Its +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，如good(好的)，kind(友善的)，nice(友好的)，等。例如：你能帮助我，真好_2.“Its+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。这一句型中常用的形容词有important(重要的)necessary(必要的)difficult(困难的)等。例如，对于他们来说学好一门外语不容易。_7.4形容词的比较等级：、规则变化规则原级比较级最高级一般在词尾直接加er或est，tall-tallertallest.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st，nicenicernicest以辅音字母+y结尾的词，把y变为i，再加er或est，heavyheavierheaviest重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加er或estbigbiggerbiggest部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级beautifulslowlymore beautiful more slowlymost beautiful most slowly、不规则变化：原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/ill/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest7.5形容词等级的用法原级的用法： 1.只能修饰原级的词:very，quite，so，too例如He is too tired to walk on.2.原级常用的句型结构(1)“甲+be+(倍数)+as+形容词原级+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍” Tom is as old as Kate.(2)“甲+be+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+乙”甲不如乙 例如，This room is not as/so big as that one.比较级的用法： 1.可以修饰比较级的词有：much，a lot，far， a little，a bit， even，still2.比较级常用的句型结构：(1)“甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙”或“甲比乙几倍” 例如:Tom is taller than Kate. (2)“甲+be+形容词比较级+than+any other+单数名词(+介词短语)”表示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人/都”，含义是“甲最”。例如，The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.注意：The Yangtze River is longer than any river in Japan.(3)“甲+be+the+形容词比较级+of the two+”表示“甲是两者中较的”。例：He is the taller of the two boys.(4)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”。例如，He is getting taller and taller.(5)“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越，越”。例如:The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes youll make(6)“特殊疑问词+be+形容词比较级，甲or乙？”例如，Which is bigger，the earth or the moon？3.最高级常用句型结构(1)“主语+be+the+形容词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语”表示“是中最的”。例如，Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.This apple is the biggest of the five.(2)“主语+be+oneofthe+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语”表示“是中最之一”。例如，Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.(3)“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比较。例如，Which country is the largest，China，Brazil or Canada？形容词练习：1.Which is the _,the train station, the bus station or the airport? A. far B. farthest C. father D. more far2.Now the air in our home town is _ than it was before. Something must be done. A. much better B. more worse C. more better D. much worse3.I was feeling tired last night, so I went to bed _than usual. A. early B. earlier C. late D. later4.In our city, its _ in July, but it is even _ in August. A. hotter; hottest B. hot; hot C. hotter; hot D. hot; hotter 5.Of the two Australian students, Masha is _one. I think you can find her easily. A. tallest B. the taller C. taller D. the tallest6.Its good for your health to do _sports. A. much B. least C. more D. most7.Mum, could you buy me a dress like this? -Certainly, we can buy _ one than this, but _ this. A. a better; better than B.a worse; as good asC.a cheaper; as good as D. a more important; not as good as8.Why dont you ask Tom to do it?-I dont know whether he is _ to. He sometimes makes things worse. A. possible B. able C. afraid D. easy9.Lots of visitors come to Nanjing because she is _ city.A. so a beautiful B. very a beautiful C. such beautiful a D. quite a beautiful10.If you like the chicken, you may have as _as you can. A. much B. many C. more D. little11.The Changjiang River is one of_rivers in the world. A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest12._children there are in a family, _ their life will be.A. The less; the better B. The fewer; the better C. Fewer; richer D. More; poorer13.The boy is _young to carry the box. Lets go and help him. A. too B. so C. very D. quite14.The coat I bought last week is too big for me. Id like to change it for a _ one. A. small B. large C. nicer D. smaller15.30,000 dollars is a large amount of money, but its _ than we need.A. far more B. very much C. far less D. very little16. China has _ population in the world. A. bigger B. larger C. the biggest D. the largest17.Lucys handwriting is good, but Roses handwriting is much _. A. good B. best C. better D. the best18.The day is bright and _. Lets go for a walk. A. sunny B. dark C. cloudy D. windy19.As a result, _ people like to travel by air than before.A. much more B. many more C. more much D. more many20.Why not make a kite yourself? You dont need _ for it.A. anything special B. something special C. special anything D. special something21.This computer is as good as a new one but _ expensive.A. much less B. more less C. more much D. much more22. The young scientist decided to work _ in the _ forest.A. lonely; alone B. alone; lonely C. alone; alone D. lonely; lonely23. _ you eat butter, cream and chocolate, _ you will become.A. The more; the thinner B. The less; the fatterC. More; fatter D. The more; the fatter24.The