高中英语必修一unit1friendshipwarmingupandreading.ppt

Unit 1 Friendship,Warming up,Do you need friends? Do you know any proverbs about friends or friendship?,1. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 2. A life without a friend is a life without the sun. 3. A faithful friend is hard to find. 4. A friend is a gift you give yourself.,Proverbs:,5.Friends are like wine; the older, the better. 6.A friend to all is a friend to none. 7.The best mirror is an old friend. 8.With clothes the new are best; with friends the old are the best.,Are you good to your friends?,Lets do a survey to test if you are really good to your friends.,Evaluation, 47 points: You are not a good friend. You either ignore your friends needs or just do what he/she wants you to do. You should think more about what a good friend needs to do. 812 points: You are a good friend but you sometimes let your friendship become too important, or you fail to show enough concern for your friends needs and feelings. Try to strike a balance between your friends needs and your own responsibilities. 13+ points: You are an excellent friend who recognizes that to be a good friend you need balance your needs and your friends. Well done.,Reading,Annes best friend,Anne Frank,Background Information,Annes father : Otto Frank,Annes mother: Mrs. Frank,Anne Frank,Annes older sister: Margot,Peter, who lived with the Franks in the attic,安妮弗兰克的安妮日记后被译成55种文字，它的文学价值得到了世界各国读者的认同，并被改编成电影和话剧。,安妮在自己生日那天收到了一份礼物一本日记本，并将其化名为Kitty，以书信的形式记日记。从日记的内容我们可以知道，安妮与朋友相处融合，是一个很普通的女孩子，日记上还记录着她在过着隐秘生活时与彼得得以接近，并喜欢上彼得的过程，以及她对战争的看法，从侧面表现出安妮的成熟与乐观。终于，不幸的事情发生了, 他们被盖世太保们发现被分散收容了。安妮于1945年3月在纳粹集中营永远地闭上了眼睛。,After the German invasion(侵略) of 1940, Anne was forced to leave her school. Almost right away, the Gestapo (盖世太保) began to send thousands of Dutch resisters(反抗者) to slave labour camps in Germany. Then in February 1941 the Gestapo began to arrest Jews. It was at this moment that Otto Frank made plans to hide his family.,They moved to Amsterdam, Netherlands,They stayed on the top floor, with curtains drawn so as not to attract unwanted attention.,curtain,Attic,Who/ what is Annes best friend? When did the story happen?,Her diary Kitty,The story happened during World War II.,Skimming:,Scanning: Fill in the form below,World War II,Netherlands,Anne,her diary-Kitty,nearly twenty-five months years,Thursday 15,June,1944,Anne kept a diary because She felt very lonely because They had to hide because Anne named her diary Kitty because,she couldnt meet her friends. Jews were caught by Nazis and killed. she could tell everything to it. she wanted it to be her best friend.,Join the correct parts of the sentences.,Intensive reading: (fill in),Blue sky, songs of birds, moonlight, flowers,Never felt spellbound,darkness, rain, wind, thundering clouds,Grey, crazy, helpless, lonely,Intensive reading,Students work in pairs to discuss the following open questions: 1.Why did the windows stay closed? 2.How did Anne feel? 3.Guess the meanings of “spellbound”, “ hold me entirely in their power” from the discourse(语篇,上下文).,1.Why did the windows stay closed? 2.How did Anne feel?,They shut the windows in order not to be found and caught by the Nazis.,She was afraid of being found and at the same time was eager to touch the outside world.,3.Guess the meanings of “spellbound”, What is the meaning of “spellbound”? Use another word to substitute it.,Spellbound means to concentrate with delight for some time.,Interested,Language points,Words,Add 1.add up 加起来 add sth.up e.g Add your scores up and we will see who will win. 2.add up to 共计,总计达 e.g His income adds up to 1000 yuan a month. 3.add sth.to sth. 增添,追加 e.g The professor added some salt to the water. 4.add to：increase增加 e.g The news added to his anxiety.,upset,Adj.难过,不高兴 upset about sth.,v. 使心烦意乱, 使困扰,I was really upset by the news. 这个消息使我烦透了.,既可做形容词(adj.), 也可以做动词(v.).,Theres no point getting upset about it. 犯不着为此事难过.,Have got to V.S. have to,1.两者的意义和用法基本等同,都为 “不得不,必须”的意思.但是,have got to 多用于口语, have to 多用于书面语. 2.在一般疑问句和否定句中的用法有所不同, Do you have to do your homework? Have you got to do your homework? 否定句?Can you give me an example?,be concerned about/for关心 e.g She is concerned about her sons future. concern (oneself) with/ in sth.使参与 e.g She concerned herself with/in social welfare. 她从事社会福利工作. e.g He was conerned in the crime. as far as is concerned 就而言 As far as Im concerned, the whole idea is crazy.,Concern,cheat cheat sb. (out) of sth. 欺骗某人某物 cheat o doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事 Cheat in/on the exam 考试作弊,那个推销员骗了她的钱.(salesman),The salesman cheated her out of her money.,The salesman cheated her into buying a fake.,那个推销员骗她买了赝品.,pattern,You friend comes to school very upset.,Upset 在此处是形容词,作补语,用来补充形容主语your friend 来学校时心情很不好. He went to bed cold and hungry. Long and untidy, his hair played in the breeze.,have a good day!,Language points,n. : why you do sth or why sth happens 原因，理由,reason,你来晚了，有理由吗？,*Is there any reason why you were late?,reason V.S. cause V.S. excuse,reason采取某一行动的理由 cause引起某种不 良后果的起因 excuse辩解，借口，指为某一行为所做的解释，可以是真的，也可以是托词。,Sentence structures,It was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face. it is the first, second, third time that sb have/ has done sth it was the first , second, third time that sb had done sth,It was the second time that he had made such a mistake.,这是他第二次犯这种错误了.,n.&v 清单，一览表；列出 （lists ,listing, listed） a shopping list 购物单 make a list列出单子，造表 *Mum often makes a shopping list before she goes shopping.,list,The teacher listed all our names, so our class has a name list now.,老师把我们所有人的名字都列了出来,所以我们班现在有了姓名册.,一份，分额，股份 （stock） v. 分享，均分，分担 Lets share (the last cake),you have half and Ill have half.咱们分了（最后这块蛋糕）吧，你一半，我一半。 The young man bought/held 500 shares in a shipping company.那个年轻人购买（持有）某航运公司的500股份。 share sth (with/among/between sb) 与某人共享/分担/均分某物（事）,Share,1 .to suffer an unpleasant experience 经历不快的事,just cant understand what you are going through ?,Id hate to go through such a terrible ordeal again.,我不想再受这种苦难。,2.to look at sth carefully ,especially in order to find sth 仔细检查,所有的袋子我都找遍，就是找不到我的皮夹。,I went through all my pockets but I couldnt find my wallet.,hide- hid- hidden vi 躲藏,She and her family hid away.,The thief hid away in a friends house for several weeks after the robbery .,那个盗贼行窃后( robbery)在朋友家躲藏了几个星期., vt 隐瞒 eg: Why do you hide your thoughts (away )from me ?你为什么对我隐瞒你 的想法呢?,set down 放下,搁下,使坐下,写下,记下. eg:He was asked to set down the facts just as he remembered them . set sb down 让叫-下车 set down as 把-看作 set down to 把-归因于 eg:I set the man down as a salesman . He set down his failure to his poor health . set about(doing)sth 着手干某事 eg: They set about making preparations for the party .,I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary.,set back 使后退(延迟) 拨回(慢) set forward 提出,拨快(表钟),促进 eg: Please set back your watcher an hour . set off 动身,出发,引爆， set out 出发,着手干(to do),陈诉 eg: They set off|out at dawn and arrived there at about 10:00 am. The little boy dare not set off the fireworks. set up 竖起,创设,开办 eg:A new school was set up in the southeast of the city.,series n.连续,系列 单复同形 eg:He saw a series of white arrows painted on the road . 他看见马路上画有一连串的白色箭头. A series of lectures is prepared,series,adv. 在(向)户外,在(向)野外,其反义词为indoors n 户外,野外,其前常加定冠词the,构成the- eg: Children usually prefer playing outdoors . I love to be in the great outdoors. outdoor adj. 户外的,野外的(置于名词前) eg: an outdoor sportgame 户外运动 indoor a 屋内的,室内的(置于n之前) eg: indoor flowers 室内花卉.,I havent been able to be outdoors for so long,a )为-狂热的,痴迷的 growbe crazy about sbsth. eg: The boys are crazy about the girl singer. 那些男孩疯狂地迷上了那个女歌手. b) 疯狂的,癫狂的,可作定语和表语.It is crazy of sb to do sth=sb be crazy to do sth eg: Its crazy of you to buy the car at a high price = You are crazy to buy the car at such a high price. 居然花那么高的价钱去买这辆车,你真是疯了!,Ive grown so crazy about everything,stay (link v) + adj/ n,1) I stayed awake through the stormy night.,2) He stayed single all his life.,3) The weather stayed sultry.天气持续闷热。,4) Stay seated!坐在那别动!,Ive grown so crazy about everything,I stayed awake on purpose in order to have a good look at the moon.,in order to 为了- = so as to with the purpose or intention of doing sth 目的在于 eg: She arrived early in order to get a good seat. 她到得很早,图的是得个好位置.,On purpose 故意地,purpose目的,意图:carry out the purpose实现目标 cover ones true purpose掩盖真实意图 fit sbs purpose符合某人的意图 Will this answer fit your purpose? 这将符合你的意图吗? on purpose 故意地 He broke the window on purpose.,But as the moon gave far too much light, I didnt dare open a window,far 常与too或形容词连用, 意思是相当地,得多 e.g: This question is far more difficult that I thought. too much + 不可数名词 太多的 much too + 形容词,副词 实在太 e.g: He has too much money. The question is much too easy.,dare,dare具有情态动词和一般动词两种用法。,实义动词: dare to do 情态动词: dare do/ dare not do,He dares to do most things, but he doesnt dare to do this. He dared to do that and something even worse. We could see he dared not tell the truth. Dare she tell them what she knows? How dare you say so? We did not dare (to) tell him that he had failed again this time. Does he dare (to) go out at night in such stormy weather?,在肯定句中的dare, dares, dared之后，不定式一般加to。,2) 在否定句中和疑问句中的dare之后，不定式一般不加to。,3) 在用do或does构成的否定句和疑问句中,理论上虽然应当有to, 实际使用却经常把to省略.,Another time after five months ago, I happened to be upstairs,happen vi.,1) What time did the accident happen?,2) No one know who had fired the gun it all happened so quickly.,sb. happen to do sth. (似乎)碰巧,= to be or as if by chance,I happened to see her on my way to work.,If you happen to find it, please let me know.,It happens/ happened that clause,It happened that they went out when I called.,在上班的路上我碰巧遇到了她.,the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power.,adv 完全地 completely, totally eg: Although they are twins,they look entirely different. 他们虽然是孪生子,但是相貌却完全不同. Im not entirely happy with that idea .我对那个主意十分满意.,hold/ have sb in ones power 控制住/ 摆布某人,可数名词,译为 a(人的)能力,精力,力量: do everything in ones power to help 尽力帮助. out ofbeyond ones power能力所不及. Knowledge is power. b权利,权限: the power of the law (法律) come into power握权 in power当权,执政 c体力,智力,精力: His powers are falling. 他的体力正在衰退中. a man of varied powers .多才多艺的人.,power,面对面地 The two politicians were brought face to face in a TV interview. 这两位从政者曾在一次电视采访中面对面. come face to face with sb=meet sb face to face 与某人碰面. shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩 hand in hand 手牵手 heart to heart 心贴心,that Id seen the night face to face,Jews were caught by Nazis and put away.,put sb away 把某人关进监狱或精神病院 e.g: He was put away because of robbery. put sth away 将某物收起, 存钱以备他日之需 e.g: Put your toys way after you finish playing. She has got a few pounds put away for her retirement.,according: adv.副词 常与to搭配 to 按照，依据所说 例：According to my watch, it is four oclock. We will be paid according to the amount of work we do. 我们按工作量取得报酬。,Accordingly: adv. 副词 ,按照,依据 These are the rules, please act accordingly. 这些是规则,请按照这些来做.,Consolidation 1.Word and expressions.,reason - adj._ thought verb. _ outdoors antonym. _ crazy synonym. _ nature adj._ entirely synonym._ power adj. _ trust n. _,reasonable,think,indoors,mad,natural,completely, totally,powerful,trust,2. Give the Chinese of the expressions: go through hide away set down a series of be crazy about put away set down a series of facts It was the first time that I wonder if,Learning about language,1. Answer keys for Ex1 on Page4:,trust upset loose calm down crazy,6. set down,7. go through,8. on purpose,9. face to face,10. according to,2. Answer keys for Ex. 2 on page 4:,Annes sister, Margot, was very _ that the family had to move. She found it difficult to settle and _ in the hiding place because she was _ _ whether they would be discovered. She knew she had to _ her parents and _ them this was necessary. At first she thought she would go _ but later she realized that it was better to _ this together.,upset,calm down,concerned,about,trust,according to,crazy,go through,3. Answer keys for Ex.3 on page 4:,If you are concerned about somebody, you want to offer help because you are worried about him/her. Was it an accident or did David do it on purpose? From the very beginning, Paul made it clear that he would be entirely in control. He used to work outdoors even in the middle of winter.,5. Nature is all the animals, plants and other things in the world that are not made by people, and all the events that are not caused by people. 6. Just the thought of more food made her feel sick.,have to = have got to,Assignment: find out all the sentences in warming up and reading that contain have to or have got to. And then transfer it into the other form. (5 sentences),Its a duty to do something.,Grammar,直接引语和间接引语,Direct and Indirect Speech,Grammar: Direct and Indirect Speech (1),转述他人的陈述陈述句, She asked me what I was doing.,1) He said , “Im going to Beijing.”, He said that he was going to Beijing.,2) He asked, “Are you a teacher?”, He asked me if /whether I was a doctor.,3) She said , “What are you doing?”,2. 转述他人的疑问一般疑问句,3. 转述他人的问题特殊疑问句,直接引语变成间接引语，句子结构的变化,He said, “I have been to the Great Wall. ” He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall. He said, “Ill give you an examination next Monday. ” He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday.,陈述句 用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said, 也可用told来代替，注意，可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that，不可直接说told that,解题步骤:,1.陈述句:,“I dont like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.,Sarah said to her friends,that,said,didnt,she,Sarah said to her friends that she didnt like computers.,Sarah,一般疑问句,He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?” He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation. He said, “You are interested in English, arent you?” He asked whether I was interested in English.,间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked(me/him/us等)，语序是陈述句的语序,2.一般疑问句: Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil? ( They asked him ),They asked him,if,It is easy to improve the condition of the soil.,it is easy to improve the condition of the soil.,asked,is,was,They asked him if it was easy to improve the condition of the soil.,特殊疑问句,He said to me，“Whats your name?” He asked me what my name was. He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country?” He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country.,原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用ask(sb. )来表达，语序改为陈述句语序,3.特殊疑问句： When do you harvest the wheat ? ( They asked him ),They asked him,When,you harvest the wheat,you harvest the wheat.,he,harvested,They asked him when he harvested the wheat.,选择疑问句,He asked, “Do you speak English or French?” He asked me whether I spoke English or French. I asked, “Will you take bus or take train?” I asked him whether he would take bus or take train.,用whetheror表达，而不用ifor，也不用eitheror,5. 注意地点的变化,在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化,1. 注意时态的变化,2. 注意人称变化。,3. 注意指示代词的变化,4. 注意时间的变化,6. 注意个别趋向动词的变化,When you change a sentence from direct speech to indirect speech, you sometimes need to change the verb tense. You may also need to change pronouns , time in order to keep the same meaning.,Direct indirect Present past Past past and past perfect Present perfect past perfect Past perfect past perfect,The geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.,谓语动词时态变化需要注意几点：,1.直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变,The geography teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”,She says that shell never forget the days in the country.,2. 如果直接引语所表述的内容在目前和说话时同样有效，变间接引语时，时态可不变,The children said, “We love this game.”,They told us that they love that game.,3.主句谓语动词的时态是现在时态，在引述时，时态不变。,She says, “Ill never forget the days in the country.”,1. 当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候 2. 当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时 3. 当直接引语中有以when, while引导的从句，表示过去的时间时 4. 当引语是谚语、格言时 5. 当直接引语中有情态动词should, would, could, had better, would rather, might, must, ought to, used to, need时,从句时态无须改变的还有以下情况:,直接引语,间接引语,指示代词,时 间 状 语,地点状语,方向性动词,this,that,these,those,now,then,today,that day,this week,that week,yesterday,the day before,last week,the week before,four days ago,four days before,the day before yesterday,two days before,tomorrow,the next day,next month,the next month,here,there,come,go,bring,take,Exercises:,1. He said , “Im afraid I cant finish this work.”,2.He said , “I havent heard from him since May.” 3.Tom said “I will see you next week.”,He said that he was afraid he couldnt finish that work.,He said that he hadnt heard from him since May.,Tom said that he would see me the next week.,4. “Why were you late again?” The teacher said to me. 5. “I dont like swimming,” said Sarah. 6. His friends asked him if he would go to Dalian. 7. “Have you been to Paris?” My classmate asked me.,The teacher asked me why I was late again.,Sarah said she didnt like swimming.,His friends asked him, “Will you go to Dalian?”,My classmate asked me if I had been to Paris.,Readers can _ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word. A. get over B. get in C. get along D. get through,高考链接,C,解析：答案C。本题主要考查具体语境中get短语的用法。全句意为：尽管读者不知道每个单词的确切含义，但他们能够很好得读懂，即读书进展得顺利，故用get along。,2. Its hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall,高考链接,B,解析：答案B。本题考查了fall in love在虚拟语气中的应用，从标志性时间状语at the age of seven看，宾语从句内容意指过去。在虚拟语气结构中，若指过去，从句中动词形式用过去完成时，主句中谓语动词形式用would/should/might/ could/have done。,3. Father went to his doctor for _ about his heart trouble. A. an advice B. advice C. advices D. the advices,高考链接,B,解析：答案B。Advice若作“忠告，劝告，建议”讲，无论什么情况下都不可数，故A、C、D各项均属错误。Advice前不能用不定冠词，但可被some，much，a lot of/lots of，a piece of，a bit of，a word of等修饰。,4. I wonder how he _ that to the teacher. A. dare to say B. dare saying