八年级英语下Uuit5.doc

Unit 5If you go to the party，youll have a great time! 【单元目标】 Sentence structures：1. If you do, youll 2. Im going to 3. You should 4. Dont you want to ?5. Dont you think ?重点单词【巧记提示】organ（机构）+ize（使成状态） 【经典例句】Id like to have a birthday party, please help me organize.我想举办一个生日聚会,请帮我组织一下。【考点聚焦】1)记住相关词:organizationn.组织；机构；团体2)近义词:arrange3)organize既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词。【活学活用】1.He is an_ (organize)of the English club.答案：organizer【经典例句】There are 26 votes for him and 8 against him.有26票赞成他,8票反对他。【考点聚焦】 1)在英语中,against是介词,而非动词,故不能单独作谓语。与其搭配的常见动词有:be, fright, struggle, protest, guard, argue, speak。2)注意against的其他重要含义:作“相反；逆着”讲,如:We boated against the wind.我们逆风行船。作“倚在；紧靠着”讲,如:to lean against the wall靠着墙作“反抗；抵抗”讲,如:struggle against fate同命运抗争【活学活用】2.翻译Those who are against the plan, put your hand._答案：反对这项计划者，请举手。【巧记提示】chance(机会)change(改变),机会改变命运。【经典例句】He has no chance to get the college.他没有机会走进那所大学。【考点聚焦】 1)chance作动词,意为“偶然发生，出现”；作形容词,意为“恰巧的”。2)记住其常用词组,chance on/upon偶然遇到，偶然找到； by chance意外地，偶然地3)在chance后面可以用动词不定式或者of的结构作定语。【活学活用】3.完成句子我从不错过踢足球的机会。I never miss _ _ _playing football.答案：a chance of【经典例句】The injured boy is still in hospital.这个受伤的孩子一直住在医院。【考点聚焦】 1)“定冠词(the)+形容词”表示一类人或事物,因此,the injured 表示“受伤的人”。2)辨析:hurt, injure和 wound hurt 普通用语,既可指肉体上的伤害,也可精神上、感情上的伤害。injure 比 hurt 正式,hurt 多指伤痛,而 injure 则指损害健康、成就、容貌等,强调功能的损失。wound 指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤,是出血的,严重的伤,特指战场上受伤,它可以指肉体上的伤害,也可指人们精神上的创伤。【活学活用】4.单项填空At least seven people _（受伤的）in this explosion.A. were injured B. harm答案：A【巧记提示】sincere(真诚的，诚恳的)+ly(副词后缀)【经典例句】The teacher gave some advices to her sincerely.老师真诚地给她提出了一些建议。【考点聚焦】 Yours sincerely主要用于熟人之间,它给人以亲切感。这是书信结尾的客套用语,常见的有Yours faithfully, Yours truly, Yours sincerely, Yours respectfully 和Yours ever,它们的区别在于:Yours faithfully（你忠实的）主要用于商业书信。Yours truly（你真诚的）不像yours faithfully那么正式,常常用于相识的人之间,而不大用于商业信函。Yours respectfully（敬上）只有下级给上级写信时才使用这一结尾词。Yours ever.（你的亲爱的）只在非常亲密的朋友之间使用。【巧记提示】ex(前缀“出）plain(坦率地)【经典例句】He explained much about what he did.他对自己的行为解释了很多。【考点聚焦】 explain后面跟名词或从句。【巧记提示】im(前缀“使”）prove(证明)【经典例句】It will help to improve your speaking.这会帮助提高你的口语能力。【考点聚焦】 1)improve 后跟in 表示 “在方面有改进(提高)”,如:She is improving in health.她的健康状况有改进。2)improve 后跟on(upon)表示 “对加以改进(提高)” ，如:Lets try to improve on it.咱们设法把它改进一下。语法小结1. if条件句2. 现在进行时表示将来的时间一. if条件句1. if条件句：条件句用于陈述语气，表示假设的情况可能发生，其中 if 是“如果”的意思。 构成 条件从句 主句 时态 If一般现在时 主语shall/will+动词原形 例句 If he comes, he will take us to the zoo. 2. 用法：(1)条件状语从句通常由连词if引导，意为“如果、假如”，主句不能用be going to表示将来，而应该用shall，will。If you leave now, you are never going to regret it. (错误)If you leave now, you will never regret it. (正确)(2)if “如果”，引导条件状语从句，if从句则用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。如： If it rains tomorrow, I shant climb the hills. If I go to college, I will never become a great soccer player. 注意宾语从句中的if与条件状语从句if的区别。宾语从句中的if“是否”相当于 whether，引导宾语从句，时态需根据语境确定。 I dont know if it will rain tomorrow. 我不知道明天是否会下雨。二. 现在进行时表示将来的时间1. 用be doing表示将来：主要意义是表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，常用于位置转移的动词，如：go，come，leave，arrive等， 也可用于其他动作动词，如：We are having fish for dinner. 我们晚饭吃鱼。We are moving to a different hotel the day after tomorrow. 后天我们会去另外一个旅馆。这种用法通常带有表示将来的时间状语，如果不带时间状语，则根据上下文可表示最近即将发生的动作。A: Where are you going?B: I am going for a walk. Are you coming with me?A: Yes, I am just coming. Wait for me.2. 现在进行时表示将来和用be going to 表示将来意思比较接近，但是现在进行时更强调事先已安排好，即将去做的事情, 而be going to 一般只表示打算做某事，有做某事的意图。我们来看两个例子：She is having a meeting at 9 tomorrow. 她明天早晨9点有个会。We are leaving for London next week.我们下周出发去伦敦。这两个句子里就是用现在进行时表示将来已经安排好要做的事情。IV. 重点难点分析1. too much 和 much tootoo much 后接不可数名词，用来表示数量太多，意思是“太多了（数量多）”；much too后接形容词，用来说明程度的，意思是“太（程度深）”如：much too heavy 太重了 （表程度）错误：He has drunk much too water.正确：He has drunk too much water. 他喝了太多的水。（修饰不可数名词，表数量）2. be famous for 和 be famous asbe famous for表示“因而出名”， for后接表示出名的原因；be famous as则表示“以身份而著名”，as 后接职业、身份或地位，表示作为职业、身份或地位是著名的，如：France is famous for its fine food and wine. 法国以其佳肴和美酒著名。France is famous as a romantic country 法国作为一个浪漫的国家而出名。3. I want you to remember the rules for school parties.我想让你记住参加学校聚会的规则。want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事4. travel around the world 周游世界e.g. Her dream is to travel around China. 她的梦想是周游全中国。5. If we have it today, half the class wont come.如果我们今天开聚会，全班有一半的同学将不来参加。wont 是 will not 的缩写if 从句用一般现在时，表示假设，主语用一般将来时。6.reasons for becoming a professional athlete 赞同成为一名职业运动员的理由for prep. （表示赞成、支持），其反义词为againsteg. Are you for his plan or against it? 你是赞成还是反对他的计划？ Which team did you vote for? 你投票给哪一个队（组）？7.reasons against becoming a professional athlete 反对成为一名职业运动员的理由。against prep. 反对，与对抗注意：介词后面用名词或动词ing的形式eg. Are you against my plan? 你反对我的计划吗？ Our played against No.1 Middle School at basketball yesterday. 我校和一中昨天比赛篮球。8.begin the story with the words.以这些话开头讲这个故事。begin with “以开始（开头）”eg. The word begins with “s”.这个词以“s”开头。 Does he know that a year begins with January? 9. consequence 后果、结果 eg. We should consider the consequences before doing. 10. have a great time 玩得高兴 11. take away 运走，取走 eg. Dont take it away. Ill use it. 不要将它拿走，我要用。 12. make a living谋生 v eg.He makes living as a driver. 他以开车谋生。 13. make money 挣钱 eg. After he became famous, he made lots of money. 14. let in 允许进入，嵌入 eg. Dont let the beggar in. 不要让那个乞丐进来。.课文详解1. For many young people, becoming a professional athlete might seem like a dream job.对许多年青人来说，成为一名职业运动员可能似乎是一份理想的职业。might (表示可能性，推测)might do 或许，说不定（一般表示比may 较低的可能性）eg. She might win the prize .她或许会获得那个奖。 The child might be home already.那孩子说不定已回家了。seem like+ 名词 好像，似乎e.g. It seems like years since we last met. 我们似乎好几年不见了。2. Youll be able to make a living doing something you love.你能做你喜欢的事来谋生。be able to +动词原形，“有能力做某事”e.g. She is able to learn English well. 她能学好英语。 Doing something you love.做你喜爱的事。you love 定语，修饰前面的something。3. People all over the world will know you.全世界的人将会认识你。 all over the world 作定语，修饰它前面的名词people。4. This is a great chance that many people do not have.这是一个许多人所不能得到的难得的机会。that many people do not have是一个定语从句，修饰它前面的chance。great (表示程度，放在名词之前)非常的，异乎寻常的eg. a great talk 健谈的人 She is a great friend of mine. 她是我非常要好的朋友。5. Watch you all the time and follow you everywhere.一直看着你，你走到哪都跟着你。all the time 一直eg. Look! The monkeys are running and jumping all the time.看，猴子们一直在跑在跳。everywhere 副词（adv.）到处Ive looked everywhere for it.为了找它，我到处找了个遍。The dog followed him everywhere.无论在哪，那狗都跟着他。6. get injured =be injured 受伤injured (adj)eg. He was badly injured in the accident.他在那次事故中受了重伤。7. Youll have a difficult time knowing who your real friends are.你将很难知道谁是你真正的朋友。who your real friends are是一个宾语从句，它作knowing一词的宾语，这是一种“特殊疑问词+陈述语序的”宾语从句。e.g. I dont know where he is from.我不知道他来自哪里。特殊疑问词+陈述语序Can you tell me how old he is? 你能告诉我他多大吗？how old he is是宾语从句。8.I cant remember how to get to your house.我记不起来怎样去你家了。how to get to your house是不定式作remember 一词的宾语（此处不定式是指一个特殊疑问词+to+动词原形）这个不定式短语可以用宾语从句来替换如下：I cant remember how I can get to your house.E.g. Can you tell me how to get to Luxun Park? We know who we will ask.9.get enough exercise 得到充分的锻炼 exercise 名词，“锻炼”10.go back home 回到家，此句可以换成return home11. laugh at you 嘲笑你 laugh at sib.嘲笑某人 E.g. Dont laugh at a person who is in trouble. 我们不要嘲笑陷于困境的人。12. How many aliens dye their hair brown? 多少外星人把他们的头发染成棕色？dye v.把着色，染色She dyed her white skirt green.她把白色裙子染成绿色的。.词语辨析1.get to 与arriveget to 与arrive均为“到达”之意。get to后面接名词，e.g. get to Shanghai/New York但“到达这里/那里”则为get here/ get th