如何提高高中英语词汇教学的效果.doc

/ / / / 如何提高高中英语词汇教学的效果词汇含义混淆不清，就会造成理解和表达的障碍，在历年的高考题目当中，阅读所占的比例很大，接近二分之一，但是如果没有掌握词汇，就会导致学生在考试当中不能正确理解全文，高考英语分数便可想而知。按照新课改的要求，高中毕业生应该掌握3000到4000个英语单词，是原来大纲所需要掌握单词数量的一倍，所以，我们应该重视英语词汇的教学，挖掘学生的记忆力方面的优势，帮助他们掌握更多的词汇，提高学生的英语综合运用的能力。Lexical meaning confusion, can cause barriers, comprehension and expression in the calendar year the university entrance exam questions, read the proportion is very big, close to one-half, but without vocabulary, will lead to students can not correctly understand the full text of a test, the college entrance examination English score then. In accordance with the requirements of the new curriculum reform, high school graduates should grasp 3000 to 4000 English words, is the original outline of the need to master the words number of times, so, we should pay more attention to English vocabulary teaching, excavate students memory advantages, help them master more vocabulary to improve the students comprehensive ability in use the English. 一、高中英语词汇教学现状A, in English vocabulary teaching in high school 一些学生认为，只要能够记住考试大纲上的所有词汇，就可以应付阅读理解的问题，所以他们反复背诵单词的拼写以及中文译文，很单调地进行记忆，其实，这种记忆单词的方式的效果收效甚微。因为记忆单词需要很长的时间，高中生不仅仅要学习英语，还有语文、数学、物理和化学等课程的学习，所以，不能够把大量的时间都去记忆单词。而且，学生在记忆单词的时候不分主次，抓不住重点，也会降低学习效果。人的大脑有积极词汇和消极词汇的辨认能力，积极词汇是经常出现在写作或者是口语当中的词汇，这些词汇很容易被掌握;而消极词汇是经常出现在阅读或者是听力当中的词汇，只需要学生们认识这些词汇。一些教师在教学过程当中，不分清主次，要求学生记忆所有的单词，这给学生的学习增加了很大的负担，使学生失去了学习英语词汇的兴趣。Some students think, as long as you can remember all the words on the exam outline, can deal with reading comprehension problems, so they repeatedly recite spelling and Chinese translation, very monotonous in memory, in fact, the effect of this way of memorizing words to little effect. Because memory words takes a long time, high school students to learn English, not only have Chinese, maths, physics and chemistry, such as course learning, therefore, will not be able to put a lot of time to memorize words. And, regardless of primary and secondary students in memorizing words, grasp key, will also reduce the effectiveness of learning. Peoples brains have active vocabulary and passive vocabulary recognition ability, active vocabulary is often appear in the middle of writing or speaking words, these words are easy to learn; And negative words that often appear in the middle of reading or listening vocabulary, only need the students to know these words. Some teachers in the teaching process, do not distinguish between primary and secondary, require students to memorize all the words, increase this to students learning a great burden, so that the students lose interest in learning English vocabulary. 重复学习词汇的次数能够决定词汇学习的效果，一般情况下，重复学习的次数越多，记忆就会越牢固。高中英语教材的词汇密度比较大，词汇的重复率比较低，所以学生接触每个单词的次数就会比较少，如果不能够及时复习，就不能够很好地掌握这些词汇。很多教师不能够正确认识，所以对很多单词都是一次性带过，学生根本不能记住这些单词。在当前的高中英语教学当中，很多教师不能很好训练学生的语言基础知识，所以很多学生对单词的掌握也是很模糊的状态，不能加深学生的记忆。Repetition can be decided according to the number of vocabulary learning effect, in general, repetition, the more memories will become strong. High school English teaching materials density is bigger, the words of the repetition rate is lower, so there would be fewer students in contact with the number of times each word, if cant timely review, it will not be able to master these words very well. Many teachers cant correctly understand, so for a lot of words are disposable, students cant remember these words. Among the current high school English teaching, many teachers not training the students language basic knowledge well, so lots of students mastery of words also is very fuzzy, can deepen the students memory. 二、提高高中英语词汇教学效果的措施Second, the measures to improve the effect of high school English vocabulary teaching 1.激发学生学习兴趣1. Stimulate students interest in learning 在高中英语的学习过程当中，要不断激发学生的学习兴趣，调动学生学习的积极性，增强学生的主体意识。要增强学生学习的信心，帮助学生树立英语学习的目标，要能够让学生重视词汇的学习，与此同时，教师在能够了解学生，引导学生，激励学生努力学习，掌握词汇学习的技巧，轻松掌握词汇。锅炉配件教师要精选教材，让学生一步步掌握词汇，获得在学习当中的成就感，产生对英语词汇学习的兴趣。学生在学习了新的词汇以后却没有能够运用到其它环节当中，就很容易造成遗忘，因此，教师在选择阅读材料的时候，要选择含有最新学习词汇的文章，这样不仅仅能够提高学生阅读方面的能力，而且可以有效帮助学习掌握所学的词汇。Among senior high school English learning process, to stimulate students interest in learning, arouse the enthusiasm of students learning, strengthen the subject consciousness of the students. To enhance the confidence of the students learning, help students set up the goal of learning English, to be able to make students attach importance to vocabulary learning, at the same time, teachers can understand students, guide students, encourage students to study hard, master skills of vocabulary learning, easy to master vocabulary. Teachers to select teaching material, let the students master vocabulary, step by step get sense of achievement, in the middle of the learning interest in English vocabulary learning. Students in learning the new words after didnt can be applied to other areas, it is easy to cause forgotten, as a result, teachers when choosing reading materials, should choose to contain the latest learning vocabulary, such not only can improve students reading ability, and can effectively help master learned vocabulary learning. 2.创设情境教学2. The creation of situational teaching 英语词汇的教学模式为自读、跟读、纠错、记忆，这种教学模式能够发挥学生的主观能动性，但是如果学生的语言基础比较薄弱，那么学习效果就不是很好。在教学的过程当中，教师要能够让学生掌握词汇的规律，触类旁通。这样学生就可以通过学习一个单词来掌握一串单词，提高效率。教师要能够创设情境，在语境当中学习，有效掌握词汇，钢塑土工格栅要能够把词汇与句子联系起来，表达自己的思想。教师在教学过程当中，不能孤立任何一个词汇，要把所有词汇放到语境当中，放到句子和课文当中，扩大词汇的交流功能，巩固词汇的学习，提高学生的兴趣，发展学生的语言运用的能力。English vocabulary teaching model to read, to read, error correction, and memory, this teaching mode can exert students subjective initiative, but if the students language foundation is weak, so learning effect is not very good. In the process of teaching, the teacher must be able to let students master the regular pattern of words, one instance. So students can learn a word to hold a string of words, improve efficiency. Teachers to create situations, in the context of learning, to master vocabulary effectively, to be able to relate words and sentences, to express their own thoughts. Teachers in teaching process, cant isolate any words, want to put all the words in context, in sentences and texts, to enlarge communication function, consolidate vocabulary learning, improve the students interest, developing students ability of language use. 3.归纳总结，提高记忆效果3. Sum up and improve the memory effect 在英语教学过程当中使用归纳、对比法完全符合高中生的心理特点和认知规律。教材按单元顺序和字母顺序来编排词汇，这样略显“杂乱无章”不便学生记忆。起重机配件记忆实际上是信息的输入、存储、编码和提取过程。如果把单词仅看成一个个彼此孤立的语言单位来学习，那就会只见树木，不见森林，记忆难度大。正如仓库管理一样，如果放入的东西是杂乱无章的，取出时必定相当困难;相反，如果你对东西进行分门别类，开始存放时似乎困难一点，取出时就相当容易了。心理研究表明，经过理解加工并加以条理化、系统化的知识便于贮存、“检索”应用。During the process of English teaching using induction, comparison method completely accords with the psychological characteristics and cognitive law of high school students. Teaching material in unit order and arranged alphabetically to vocabulary, so slightly disorganized inconvenience students memories. Memory is actually the information input, storage, coding and extracting process. If the word is only as each isolated language units to study, how will the trees, the trees, the memory is difficult. As warehouse management, if it is in messy, is bound to be difficult when taken out; On the contrary, if you to classify things, began to store seems a little difficult, is quite easy when taken out. Ps