冯雨桐3月18日写作指导.doc

学大教育个性化教学教案 Beijing XueDa Century Education Technology Ltd.学科：英语 任课教师： 倪静 授课时间： 2012 年 3 月 11 日姓名冯雨桐年级高三性别男总课时 第 次 课教学课题读写任务写作指导教学目标读写任务写作指导概括的技巧难点重点概括的技巧课堂教学过程课前检查作业完成情况：优 良 中 差 建议_过程Step 1、Checking his homework.Step2、读 写 任 务指导读写任务型写作模板标题（题目所给主题不是标题，若题目要求标题自定，考生一定要自拟一个切题和合乎语法规范的标题）第一段: 概括所给短文内容要点约30字（考生的概括在25-40个词之内不会造成扣分）第二段: 过渡词引出主题句-自己的观点-理由第三段: 总结句 具体写作方法：标题 标题是段落中心思想的精练表达形式。根据短文的内容，概括出中心思想然后加以提炼，拟定标题； Is time more valuable than money On Smoking How to make friends Happiness Is watching TV a good thing? My view of money / time / pollution My attitude toward building a car factory 第一段：概括所给短文内容要点注意：利用原文中所给的语言材料，用自己的话来写，还可以利用写作内容中所给的主题来明确自己概括的正确性；概括后的文章意思要通顺，行文要连贯。写作具体方法和要求:1 第一段概括要做到开门见山: 例如: 1) According to the passage, we know2) This article is mainly about3) The writer states that2.第一段要做到有层次感:必要时概括段中运用firstly,secondly,lastly,或but, so等来列出原文作者观点或内容。3. 第一段概括要抓住要点,语言精练:写好读写任务的概括部分要做到以下几点：1 要点全面，不能漏掉主要内容和观点，要概括出阅读材料的主题思想2 客观， 不能假如个人的观点或评论，要实事求是地表达：3 准确，不能写一些与所给短文内容不相符或偏离事实的内容，要忠于阅读材料的思想、观点和意图。4 简练，要30个词左右（25-40 words）5 转述，不能抄袭选文的句子 一 内容上：抓主要信息点1 议论性文章的主要信息点议论文的内容包括“观点（或问题）、论据、结论”三个方面，所以写议论文的摘要就是要把三个方面说明清楚。这里需要注意两点：一是议论文的主体部分是论证的过程，论据占有很大的部分，但在写摘要的时候，不需要详细写论证的过程，因为它有很多细节信息，而细节信息是写摘要所应该剔除的，所以议论文的摘要应当将“观点、论据、结论”三个方面同等对待。二是所给的原文可能是议论文中节选的一个片段，不一定有完整的“观点、论据、结论”，所以写作时要具体分析。2 叙事类文章的主要信息点记叙文：写出时间when，地点where，什么人who， 做了什么事what，结果怎么样how等要素. 若是夹叙夹议的文章， 还要加上作者的看法、观点、感悟。其中最重要的是什么人做了什么事。所以概括中一般包括：谁做了什么？结果怎样？文章揭示了什么？（包括作者的看法、观点和感悟或写作目的， 假如原文没有提及，概括时可以不写）3 说明文和新闻报道：通常会有中心句（多在段首），写概括要注意找中心句，抓住关键词。对对象分析型说明文，要找出“现象”“造成这种先现象的原因”“解决这种现象或问题的措施或建议”4 发言稿和书信：写概括时要从发言者的言语中明确作者的态度，把握作者的写作目的。或先概括每段大意，进而归纳全文主旨。二 语言上：不能抄袭1 明显抄袭的句子与原文完全一致或大部分一致。2 疑似抄袭的句子一是引用原文的核心词组；二是改动原句中的个别词汇。基本保留原句型；三是将原文从主动句改为被动或者相反。三 长度上：用2-3 个句子不必非得用摘要常见的句型：the author thinks/argues./ According to the passage 等。第二段:过渡词引出主题句-自己的观点-理由 注意：此部分在高考中应会以给出要点的形式出现，考生应当在概括写好后再列提纲用类似基础写作的方法将要点翻译好，再逐一展开写作。开头用语：I do agree with the authorIn some way, I agree with , butThis opinion sounds right but is hardly practical.It is definitely not like that. As a matter of fact, From my personal angle aloneIn my opinion,From my personal point of viewAs far as Im concerned第三段最后一段 : 总结句开头用语：In conclusion,In short,To make a long story short,In general,In a word,In belief,On the whole,All in all,Examples:1) All in all, the development of children is not only the responsibility of their parents, but also the responsibility of the whole society.2) In a word, smoking harms yourselves as well as your neighbors, so it should be strictly forbidden.3) In conclusion, we value money but cant put money above everything else.Step 3 读写任务练习阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。 Some years ago, leaving the farm to work in the city, three brothers were employed by the same company and on the same pay. But three years later, they received different wages. So their father was confused and decided to pay a visit to the boss, who told him that he would let his sons explain for themselves. The three brothers were asked by the supervisor to go to the airport to get a cargo inventory at different times. Jim, who received 500 dollars a months, got the information on the phone instead of going to the airport himself. Frank, the 1000 dollars a month brother went to the airport and returned with a list of more cargoes. George, the 1500 dollars a month brother came back with detailed information and also did something extra without being told. 写作内容1概括该故事的内容要点，该部分的字数大约30词左右；2就“态度决定一切”这个主题发表你的看法，至少包含以下的内容要点，该部分的字数大约120词左右。1）你认为是什么导致三兄弟的薪酬差异;2）你从这个故事得到什么启示;3）你对 “态度决定一切”如何理解?4) 举一对比事例说明不同的学习态度产生不同的结果。写作要求你可以使用实例可其他论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不要抄袭阅读材料中的句子参考范文Three brothers, who worked for the same company , received different wages due to their different attitudes towards their work, which shows right attitude is of great help to ones life.Their different attitudes towards their work result in their different wages. From the story I can conclude that those who take positive attitude towards work will be rewarded. Different attitudes lead to different results. Take Xiao Hua and Xiao Li as an example. Xiao Hua has a positive attitude towards everything. Not only does he put his heart into study but he is also helpful both to teachers and students. So he has become a top student in our class, even in the grade. With his diligence and concentration, he is bound to succeed in entering his ideal university. However, Xiao Li never cares about his study because he is addicted to playing games, he turns a deaf ear to the teachers advice. As a result, he falls far behind others in his study. In my opinion, attitude is everything. No matter what you do, you must do it well even if you may fail many times. Sooner or later you will be rewarded for your positive attitude towards your work or life. Step 4 写作技巧指导一 写作技巧1 掌握核心词汇的拼写和用法，做到运用自如。2 掌握语法知识，在写作中要考虑词的单复数、时态、主谓一致、句子结构、倒装等。3 注意整合题目信息。例子：李华，17岁，高三学生，在北京四中学生。Li Hua, a 17-year-old boy, is a Senior Three student in Beijing No. 4 Middle School.4 注意文章的开头在文章开头运用倒装句、感叹句 、被动句、强调句、主从复合句、分词状语、with 结构等可以给阅卷老师留下深刻印象。By no means should we pollute the environment.Never will I forget the days when I stayed with my best friend Tom.How time flies.He thought. How hard mom worked!she must be very tired.He is thought to be a diligent student.What surprised me most was that he passed the English exam.It was Tom who encouraged me and helped me with my English when I failed my English exam.On hearing the death of her dog, she burst into tears.Walking toward the cinema, he met a foreigner.With a lot of homework to do, I cant go to the cinema.With so many people communicating in English every day, it is of great importance to have a good command of English.The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.I got educated at the local high school twenty years ago, after which I went to Peking University.5 注意上下文的连贯表示时间关系：afterwards; nowadays; eventually; finally; meanwhile; not only.but also.; to begin with; at the same time; for the first time; for a while; ever since表示空间顺序关系：here;there; next to; on the right/left;on the one side of.;on the other side of;In the middle /centre/back/front of表示递进和并列关系：and;also;furthermore;Besides;moreover;too;as well as;in addition;what is more;not only.but also.;worse still;whats worse表示选择关系：or;either.or.;neither.nor.;whether.or.表示转折和让步关系：But;yet;however;despite;although;though;as;otherwise;while;whereas;nevertheless;in spite of;on the contrary; on the other hand;no matter what/how/who/when/where.表示因果关系：so;for;therefore;as a result;because;owing to;due to;thanks to;on account of;since;consequently;as a consequence;thus;hence表示解释、例证关系：such as;like;as follows;take.as an example;for example/instance;namely;that is;that is to say;in other words;to tell you the truth ;in fact;as a matter of fact; actually表示条件关系：once;if;unless;as long as;on condition that表示强调关系：especially;indeed;surely;certainly;obviously;without any doubt; above all;at least; at most表示总结关系：in short; in a word; in conclusion; in summary; in brief6 注意文章的结尾和开头一样用高级句型和词汇。Only in this way can we build a harmonious society.Only by facing the difficulties in an active and optimistic way can we solve the problem.What a meaningful experience it is.I do hope that the government can take measures to sole this problem.Tired as I was, I was delighted to have a meaningful weekend.7 短语优先原则The problem is being discussed.The problem is under discussion.I like reading. II am fond of books.Please remember that I am your best friend.Please keep in mind that I am your best friend.8 语言地道原则As a result the plan was a failure.The plan turned out to be a failure.I dont want to live with a stranger in a hotel room.I dont want to share a hotel room with a stra