平等的师生关系是开启学生心灵的钥匙.doc

平等的师生关系是开启学生心灵的钥匙，是搞好课堂教学的前提。营造师生平等和谐的情感氛围，在创新教育中受到越来越多的重视。据此，我在英语教学中，十分注意建立平等、民主、融洽的师生关系。俗话说：亲其师才能信其道。我走下讲台与学生平等地交流，成为学生学习过程中的合作者、助学者和监督者。在传授知识时，我注意倾听学生的心声，平等地对待每一个学生，使自己的言谈举止对学生产生一种“亲和力”，创建平等和谐的英语课堂氛围，为学生提供主动探索、自主发展、愉快合作的良好教学空间。这种“无拘无束”的教学氛围不仅能够激发学生高昂的学习情绪和创造潜能，而且能够培养学生对教师良好的情感态度，使学生把对教师的爱迁移到教师所授的课情感教学把情感态度的培养渗透到日常的教育教学中，是在英语课程中实现情感态度目标的最重要的环节。在英语教学中，充分发挥学生在情感方面的积极因素，有利于实现教学目标。在教学中，我首先利用学生的好奇心、求知欲等激发其学习动机，同时根据不同的教学内容采用多样的教学形式，使教学活动达到最佳效果。在课堂教学中，我组织学生以pair work，group work，team work等方式进行合作学习，让学生相互交流，资源共享，共同增加词汇量和语言信息量，提高学生的参与意识、合作意识及综合运用语言的能力。其次，我设法帮助学生树立学习英语的信心，克服害羞和焦虑的心理。初学者往往希望得到老师的肯定，又因害怕出错而不敢尝试。此时，老师的肯定和鼓励显得尤为重要。一个默许的眼神，一句鼓励的话语，一声由衷的赞许，都会极大地调动学生学习英语的积极性，使他们树立起学好英语的信心，进一步向所期望的目标努力，并将老师的真切期望和热情鼓励转化为自爱、自尊、自信。我注意发现学生身上的闪光点，并不失时机地鼓励他们，当学生遇到困难时，帮助他们设法解决问题，完成任务，使他们获得成功的喜悦。解读现行中学英语教材的基本原则1明确提出“外语是一种工具”，掌握工具的主要途径是练，因此，学习外语是一个练功夫的过程。英语语言知识和规则是必须学的，但是只有在足够的操练中，才能领会所学的知识和规则。2明确指出“语言，首先是有声的语言，书面语言是在口头语言的基础上发展起来的。听说是读写的基础。”于是，中学英语教学重视听、说、读、写的综合训练，在初级阶段以听说为主，同时进行适当的读写训练，在初三以上逐渐侧重培养阅读理解能力，同时继续进行听、说、写的训练。3重视语音训练，把学好语音看作学好英语的基础。语音训练不仅是入门阶段的重点，而且要求贯彻始终。4认为句型练习提供典型句子结构，是进行基本语法教学的一种有效的方式。语法教学是以句法为主，或者说以基本的句型结构为主，词法结合句法学习。各课的语法句型是核心，体现了各课的语法重点。5主张精讲多练，反对注入式。语法教学采取句型练习和语法知识归纳相结合的方法。6提倡尽量使用外语，适当利用母语。在入门阶段少用或基本上不用母语，尽可能用外语进行教学，使学生的思维与外语联系起来。但是，排斥母语是不现实的。要求教师根据外语和汉语的对比，确定教学的重点，利用母语的正迁移并克服它对外语学习的干忧。7鼓励使用直观手段进行教学。利用课本中插图、挂图、幻灯片等视听教具，并创造外语环境，使外语的文字形象同这些形象所代表的语义和概念直接联系，不必采取翻译的办法。Unit 2 How often do you exercise? 读写练习下面是罗小禾的个人档案资料，请根据所提供的材料，写一篇短文介绍罗小禾。Name: Luo XiaoheEnglish Name: TonyBlood Type: OAge: 14Birthday: March 14th, 1991Hobbies: Reading, playing football and computer gamesDream: To be a businessman or a football playerFavorite Colours: Red, white and greenFavorite Sentence: No pains, no gains.Favorite Band: WestlifeTelephone Number: 00186-755-25412434Postcode: 518019Address: 25 Yijing Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China参考答案： Luo Xiaohe is a student. He studies at Shenzhen Cuiyuan Junior Middle School. His English name is Tony. He lives at 25 Yijing Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. The postcode is 518019. His telephone number is 00186-755-25412434. His blood type is O. He was born on March 14th, 1991. He likes reading. He is very interested in football and computer games. He wants to be a businessman or a football player when he grows up. He loves his parents and teachers best. Red, white and green are his favourite colours. He loves listening to the songs by Westlife. He always says to himself No pains, no gains.Unit 2 How often do you exercise? 同步阅读读短文，选择正确答案There is an old saying: Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. It means that we should go to bed early and get up early the next morning. By doing this, we will be in good health. And well also be rich and clever.Its true that our bodies need to have enough sleep to be healthy. Children should have a ten-hour sleep every night. Those who do not have enough sleep cant do their work very well. They will not be clever and they may not get wealthy in the future. The body needs exercise as well. Walking, running, jumping, riding bikes and playing games are all exercises. Exercise helps to keep the body strong and fit. It also helps the blood(血液) to move around inside the body. The blood takes food to all parts of the body. The head needs blood too. So exercise helps people think better.1. What does the word rise mean?A. To do exercise.B. To get up. C. To stand up.D. To put up.2. If children dont sleep for 10 hours, they may. A. not be late for schoolB. become wiseC. do badly in their workD. become rich3. A person needs exercise because .A. it makes him healthyB. he has lots of work to doC. he is strongD. he does exercise4. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Exercise is good to peoples sleep.B. Its good for you to get up early and go to bed early.C. If you have enough blood, you will be wise.D. A student should have 10 hours sleep.参考答案：1. B2. C3. A4. CUnit 7 Will people have robots? 词汇（3）1. in prep. 在之后（用于将来时）in 100 years在一百年后People will have robots in their homes in 100 years.一百年以后，人们家中会有机器人。比较：after 在之后（用于过去时，表示从过去某时间起一段时间之后）He will come back in two hours. 他两小时后会回来。He came back after two hours. 他是两小时后回来的。2. less, fewer 比较少；more 比较多 less 是little 的比较级，修饰不可数名词 fewer是few的比较级，修饰可数名词 more 是much和many的比较级much 修饰不可数名词，many修饰可数名词I have less money than he has. 我的钱比他的少。There are more building in this city than in that city.这个城市的楼房比那个城市多。3. fall in love with. 爱上Last year I visited the art exhibition and fell in love with the work of Picasso.去年我参观了艺术展，爱上了毕加索的作品。4. a kind of. 一种；some kinds of. 几种a kind of book 一种书five kinds of flowers 五种花many different kinds of goldfish 各种不同的金鱼（fish 单复数相同，此处是复数）5. as well as也；与too 同义 He likes this book and he likes that book, too. / He likes this book as well as that book. 他喜欢这本书，也喜欢那本书。 She can come here, too. / She can come here as well. 她也能来。6. worth adj. 值；值得；相当于价值 This house is worth $10 000. 这个房子价值一万美元。 be (well) worth doing sth.（很）值得做 That film is (well) worth seeing. 那部电影（很）值得看。 These books are worth reading twice. 这几本书值得看两遍。7. knock down. 击倒，撞倒；拆除 knock down the pins击倒球柱 knock down the machine拆除机器 knock组成的词语还有： knock on (at) the door敲门 knock into sb.撞了某人 knock up叫醒【上一篇】【下一篇】Unit 1 Will people have robots? 词汇（4）Unit 1 Will people have robots? 词汇（4）1. prediction n. 预言，预测predict v. predict + that 后接从句，如The weather forecast predicts sunshine for tomorrow. 天气预告说明天阳光明媚。I predict that he will win. 我预测他会赢。2. paper moneypaper n. 纸，纸张，是不可数名词，如a piece of paper。paper money 中paper是名词做定语，表材质，只用单数。newspapern.报纸，可数名词3. space n. 表示“宇宙，空间时”，不可数名词；通常前面不用冠词。There are many stars in outer space. 在太空中有很多恒星。Travel through space to other planets interests many people.现在很多人对穿越太空去其他星球旅行感兴趣。4. besides prep. 除了还；相当于as well as, in addition to。如：Besides basketball, he also plays soccer well.除了打篮球以外，他踢足球也踢得很好。All of us passed besides John.除了约翰外，我们也都及格了。I also went there besides Mary.除了玛丽我也去了。Unit 1 Will people have robots? 词汇（2）Unit 1 Will people have robots? 词汇（1） 1. fall v.落下；跌落示例The book fell off the shelf. 这本书从架子上掉了下来。用法fall用作动词时，主要有两种用法。一种是作为实义动词，可以和介词或副词搭配，表示“落下；跌落”，例如：I fell back in my chair. 我跌坐到自己的椅子上。另一种是作为系动词，与形容词连用，表示进入某种状态，如：fall asleep 入睡（进入睡眠的状态）。fall的动词过去式是fallen。fall用作名词时，表示“落下；降低”，例如：I sat listening to the fall of the rain on the roof. 我坐着听雨点落在屋檐上的声音。fall还可以表示“秋天”，与autumn意思相同。词汇扩展常用搭配：fall asleep 入睡 fall behind 落后于（某人或某物） fall down 跌落 fall in love with 喜爱；爱上 fall off 掉下 fall over 跌落；被绊倒2. alone adv. Without any companions独自地；孤独地示例 I dont like going out alone after dark. 我不愿意天黑后独自外出。用法解析alone 和lonely：（1）alone 既可用作形容词，又可用作副词，意思是“独自的（地）；单独的（地）”，侧重于说明独自一人，没有同伴或助手。alone和on ones own，by oneself意思相近。alone用作形容词时，一般与be 动词连用，在句中作表语。例如：She is alone at home. 她独自一人在家。alone 用作副词修饰动词时，放在动词后面作状语。例如：I like to work alone. 我喜欢独自一人工作。alone 用作副词时，也可作定语，意思是“只有；仅仅”，但必须置于它所修饰的名词或代词之后.例如：This year alone, weve already planted ten thousand trees. 仅是今年，我们已经载了一万颗树。（2）lonely只用作形容词，它在句中既可作定语，也可作表语，表示“孤独的；寂寞的”。该词带有“孤寂”的感情色彩。用作定语时，意思为“孤单的；荒凉的；偏僻的”等。例如：Thats a lonely island. 那是一个荒凉的岛屿。Lonely用作表语时，可以表示“孤寂的；寂寞的”。例如：I was alone but I didnt feel lonely. 我独自一人，但我并不感到孤独。词汇拓展常用搭配：let / leave somebody / something alone 不干涉某人或某物；听其自然3. dress v.put clothes on yourself or someone else穿衣示例 Is she old enough to dress herself yet? 她会自己穿衣服了吗？用法dress还可以用作名词，表示“女服；连衣裙；服装”。例如：Mary wore a long red dress last evening. 玛丽昨晚穿了件红色的连衣长裙。辨析dress，put on 和wear：（1）用作动词时，dress既可以表动作，也可以表状态，常用人作宾语，意思是“穿衣服”，例如：She is only a girl of three. She cant dress herself. 她只是一个三岁的女孩，她还不能自己穿衣服。需要注意的是，在表示“给自己穿衣”时，我们通常说dress oneself (= get dressed)；当dress表示状态时，一般要用be dressed in 结构，例如：She was dressed in a red coat. 她穿着一件红色的上衣。（2）put on 意思是“穿（戴）上”，强调动作。例如：He put on his coat and went out. 他穿上大衣就出去了。（3）wear意思是“穿（戴）着”，强调状态。例如：Lucys mother often wears a pair of glasses. 露西的母亲常常戴着一副眼镜。词汇扩展常用搭配：dress (somebody) up 化妆打扮谚语：Eat to please myself, but dress to please others. 吃是使自己受用，穿是使别1.You cant have a better tomorrow if youre still thinking about yesterday. 如果你还在留恋昨天，就不会拥有更美好的明天。 2. No matter how many mistakes you make or how slowly you progress, you are already ahead of those who never tried. 无论你曾犯过多少错误，或者你的进步多么缓慢，你总是在那些从不尝试的人的前面。3. Your heart is free. Have the courage to follow it. 你的心是自由的，要有勇气追随它。4. There are so many beautiful reasons to be happy. 有太多太多美好的理由让你笑对生活。八年级写作指导 1. 写作任务：你的一位朋友给你写了一封电子邮件，向你抱怨他在新学校的遭遇。在读过他的信后，你与朋友们决定立即回复一封电子邮件，在回复中要尽量帮助他想一些办法来解决他所提到的难题。要求：（1）格式正确，意思通顺。（2）字数100字左右。Dear Tom, I moved to the new town with my parents two months ago. I miss you and friends very much. And I am very unhappy every day. I have many troubles. First, the lessons here are very hard, and whats worse, math is harder than ours and I dont have a right math book. Second, I have no friends here and I dont know how to talk with the students and teachers. I dont know if they are friendly. I am very upset and dont know what to do. What can I do? Do you have any good ideas for me？Im looking forward to hear from you soon. Yours, Mike 2习作正文：Dear Mike,How are you? Our friends and I am (1) very happy to receive your e-mail. We are very sorry to know you have so many troubles and you are not happy at all. There are a lot of things you could do. You could write e-mails often if you miss us. We could think out many good ideas for you. You should ask your new teachers to help you to study subjects especially math. They could be happy to help you. You should borrow a math book to (2) your teacher or new classmates, or you could buy a new book. You should be friendly and smile to others. You should talk with your new classmates and play with them often. You could find new friends soon.Good luck to you. Yours, Tom and old friends 3. 教师指导：a. 本单元的写作指导：本单元主要是运用should, could这两个情态动词来解答同学们在生活中遇到的问题，给出相关的建议。我们来复习一下情态动词的相关用法：情态动词的词义并不完整，不能单独做谓语，两个情态动词也不能连用，后面必须连接实义动词原形来一同做谓语。情态动词表示说话人对动作或事物的态度和看法，如可能，应该或必要等等。情态动词通常没有人称和数的变化形式，否定形式是在情态动词后面加not, 疑问形式是将情态动词提前。should是“应该，应当”的意思，could是“可以，可能”的意思。肯定形式：You should save water. He could talk with your friends. 否定形式：You shouldnt stay at home for a long time. You couldnt play computer games again.疑问形式：Should I leave now? Could you please help me? 可用短语：keep out, call sb. up, on the phone, pay for, the same as, in style, out of style, get on, as. as possible, all kinds of, on the other hand, find out 重要句子：What should I do?Maybe you should buy some new clothes. You could write him a letter. I dont think so. They are original / comfortable / colorful. My friend has nicer clothes than I do. I have a problem, and I need your help. I dont know why. I cant think what I did wrong. I am very upset and dont know what to do. There are a lot of things you could do. b. 本体裁的写作指导：本文任务要求先读一篇电子邮件，然后根据电子邮件的内容再回复一封，这样的难度较单纯写一封电子邮件要难许多，因为要对材料中的内容有准确的反馈。让我们来一同了解一下电子邮件的写法吧！电子邮件的出现满足人们快捷通讯的需要，我们可将电子邮件看成是信件的一种，但是它又与手写的信有所区别。（1）电子邮件要写收信人的地址和信件的主题。收信人的电子邮件地址要写在“收信人（To）”框中，主题（Subject）是将电子邮件内容用一个词，几个词或一句话加以概括，好的主题应简明地概括电子邮件的内容，让人一目了然，吸引读电子邮件的人首先阅读。（2）称呼和普通英文书信一样要取决于通信双方的亲密程度。（3）正文和写英文书信相差不多，都要在称呼的下一行，但电子邮件可以顶格写，也可空出3到5个字母。另外，最好用问候语来开始邮件正文的内容，这样会让人读起来很亲切。常用的问候语有很多种，可以根据需要来选择。正文要简洁明了，让人很快地读懂你的想法。重要的一点是，同学们必须根据提示内容将电子邮件的要点写全，并注意词语和句式的选用。而如果是回复电子邮件，我们要将其中所提的问题一一解答清楚，而不要有所遗漏。（4）在正文的后面可以写上祝福语或者表达我们的心愿。如：Im looking forward to hearing from you.